centos自带的repo是不会自动更新每个软件的最新版本，所以无法通过yum方式安装MySQL的高级版本。所以，正确的安装mysql5姿势是要先安装带有可用的mysql5系列社区版资源的rpm包
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
获取http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
这个时候查看当前可用的mysql安装资源：
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 17
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 31
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 199
一般来说，只要安装mysql-server跟mysql-client
这个时候我们可以直接使用yum的方式安装MySQL了
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
已加载插件：langpacks
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.6.28-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.28-2.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.6.28-2.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(DBI)，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.6.28-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.6.28-2.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.6.28-2.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 perl-DBI.x86_64.0.1.627-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.40-1.el7_0 将被 取代
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.6.28-2.el7 将被 舍弃
---> 软件包 perl-PlRPC.noarch.0.0.2020-14.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Test)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Log)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Zlib)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 perl-IO-Compress.noarch.0.2.061-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
---> 软件包 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch.0.0.48-5.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64.0.2.061-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64.1.2.061-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==============================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==============================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.28-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.40-1.el7_0
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.28-2.el7 mysql56-community 58 M
为依赖而安装:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.28-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.28-2.el7 mysql56-community 256 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k
事务概要
==============================================================================================
安装 2 软件包 (+8 依赖软件包)
总下载量：80 M
Downloading packages:
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
mysql-community-common-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/10): mysql-community-common-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 256 kB 00:00:14
(2/10): mysql-community-libs-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:02:57
(3/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00
(4/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00
(5/10): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00
(6/10): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
(7/10): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm (8/10): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00 (9/10): mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 58 MB 00:54:45 (10/10): mysql-community-client-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:20:42 总计 13 kB/s | 80 MB 01:45:50 从 file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5: 用户ID : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" 指纹 : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 软件包 : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed) 来自 : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlRunning transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。 正在安装 : mysql-community-common-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 1/11 正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 2/11 正在安装 : mysql-community-client-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 3/11 正在安装 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 4/11 正在安装 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 5/11 正在安装 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 6/11 正在安装 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 7/11 正在安装 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 8/11 正在安装 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/11 正在安装 : mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 10/11 正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.40-1.el7_0.x86_64 11/11 验证中 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 1/11 验证中 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 2/11 验证中 : mysql-community-common-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 3/11 验证中 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 4/11 验证中 : mysql-community-libs-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 5/11 验证中 : mysql-community-client-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 6/11 验证中 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 7/11 验证中 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 8/11 验证中 : mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el7.x86_64 9/11 验证中 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 10/11 验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.40-1.el7_0.x86_64 11/11 已安装: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.28-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.28-2.el7 作为依赖被安装: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.28-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.28-2.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 替代: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.40-1.el7_0 完毕！加入开机启动
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
启动mysql服务进程
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# systemctl start mysqld
重置密码
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y [设置root用户密码]
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y [删除匿名用户]
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n [禁止root远程登录]
... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y [删除test数据库]
- Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
... Failed! Not critical, keep moving...
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y [刷新权限]
... Success!
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...
//登录MYSQL（有ROOT权限）。这里我以ROOT身份登录
[root@iZ28gvqe4biZ ~]# mysql -u root -p//修改访问权限，让其他计算机也能访问GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
//首先为用户创建一个数据库hivemeta
mysql > create database test;
mysql > use //授权hdp用户拥有hivemeta数据库的所有权限。
mysql > grant all privileges on *.* to hdp@"%" identified by "hdp" with grant option;
//刷新系统权限表
mysql > flush privileges;
mysql > use //mysql/hive字符集问题
mysql > alter database set latin1;
测试连接......