在Hibernate3 JPA里配置了一下非分布式环境的二级缓存,效果不错。具体过程如下:
1, 需要引入的jar包
http://ehcache.org/downloads/catalog 下载的包里已经包含了简单的例子和javadoc
ehcache-core-2.4.6.jar (必需)
ehcache-terracotta-2.4.6.jar (必需)
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
slf4j-jdk14-1.6.1.jar
2, 在JPA的persistence.xml中加入以下配置
<property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class"
value="org.hibernate.cache.SingletonEhCacheProvider" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration" value="/ehcache.xml" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="true" />
3, 对ehcache进行简单的设置(ehcache.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache>
<!--
maxElementsInMemory:缓存中最大允许创建的对象数
eternal:缓存中对象是否为永久的,如果是,超时设置将被忽略,对象从不过期
timeToIdleSeconds:缓存数据钝化时间(设置对象在它过期之前的空闲时间)
timeToLiveSeconds:缓存数据的生存时间(设置对象在它过期之前的生存时间)
overflowToDisk:内存不足时,是否启用磁盘缓存
clearOnFlush:内存数量最大时是否清除
-->
<defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="1000" eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="1200" timeToLiveSeconds="1200" overflowToDisk="false"
clearOnFlush="true">
</defaultCache>
<!-- 单独对某个entity的缓存策略设置-->
<cache name="com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity" maxElementsInMemory="100"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="1200" timeToLiveSeconds="1200" overflowToDisk="false"
clearOnFlush="true">
</cache>
</ehcache>
4, JPA的Entity类中声明缓存的隔离机制
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
@Entity
@Table(name = "catagory")
public class CatagoryEntity extends BaseEntity { ... }
5, 如何使用二级缓存中的对象
在Hibernate中可以通过org.hibernate.Query.setCacheable(true);
在JPA中,由于EntityManager中得到的javax.persistence.Query没有这个方法了。我们可以通过
javax.persistence.Query.setHint(”org.hibernate.cacheable”, true);来实现读取二级缓存。
6, 在log4j输出日志中可以看到缓存机制作用
18:05:30,682 DEBUG SessionImpl:265 - opened session at timestamp: 5410486397673472
18:05:30,682 DEBUG StandardQueryCache:125 - checking cached query results in region:
org.hibernate.cache.StandardQueryCache
18:05:30,682 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: sql: select promotione0_.id as id2_,
promotione0_.catagory_id as catagory6_2_, promotione0_.description as descript2_2_,
promotione0_.enabled as enabled2_, promotione0_.name as name2_, promotione0_.picture as
picture2_, promotione0_.product_id as product7_2_ from promotion promotione0_; parameters:
; named parameters: {}
18:05:30,682 DEBUG StandardQueryCache:183 - Checking query spaces for up-to-dateness:
[promotion]
18:05:30,682 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: promotion
18:05:30,682 DEBUG EhCache:83 - Element for promotion is null
18:05:30,682 DEBUG StandardQueryCache:140 - returning cached query results
18:05:30,714 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity#1
18:05:30,714 DEBUG StatefulPersistenceContext:893 - initializing non-lazy collections
18:05:30,714 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity#2
18:05:30,714 DEBUG StatefulPersistenceContext:893 - initializing non-lazy collections
18:05:30,714 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity#3
18:05:30,714 DEBUG StatefulPersistenceContext:893 - initializing non-lazy collections
18:05:30,714 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity#4
18:05:30,714 DEBUG StatefulPersistenceContext:893 - initializing non-lazy collections
18:05:30,714 DEBUG EhCache:74 - key: com.payment.entity.PromotionEntity#5