小练习
下列两个字典,使用set得出需要修改(交集)、需要删除(差集)、需要添加的内容。
old_dict = { "#1":{'hostname':'c1', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':2048}, "#2":{'hostname':'c2', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':2048}, "#3":{'hostname':'c3', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':2048}, } new_dict = { "#1":{'hostname':'c1', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':4096}, "#3":{'hostname':'c3', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':2048}, "#4":{'hostname':'c4', 'cpu': 2, 'dimm':2048}, } #只对keys作比较,得到所有keys的列表,并转为set集合 old_list = set(old_dict.keys()) new_list = set(new_dict.keys()) #需要更新的内容(交集) update_set = old_list .intersection(new_list) #需要删除的内容(差集) delete_set = old_list.difference(update_set) #需要添加的内容 add_set = new_list.difference(update_set) print(update_set) print(delete_set) print(add_set)
运行结果:
{'#1', '#3'} {'#2'} {'#4'}
图解:
set中difference和symmetric_difference的区别
例:
s1 = set([11,22,33]) s2 = set([33,44]) ret1 = s1.difference(s2) ret2 = s1.symmetric_difference(s2) print(ret1) print(ret2)
运行结果:
{11, 22} {11, 44, 22}
说明:
ret1中只循环s1
ret2中先循环s1,然后循环s2