【51nod】1742 开心的小Q

题解

我们由于莫比乌斯函数如果有平方数因子就是0，那么我们可以列出这样的式子

(sum_{i = 1}^{n} sum_{d|i} (1 - |mu(d)|))
然后枚举倍数
(sum_{t = 1}^{n} sum_{d = 1}^{lfloor frac{n}{t} floor} (1 - |mu(d)|))
(sum_{t = 1}^{n} F(lfloor frac{n}{t} floor))
(F(x))就表示1 - x有多少数有平方因子
可以用容斥得到
(F(n) = n - sum_{i = 1}^{sqrt{n}}mu(i) lfloor frac{n}{i^2} floor)
这个复杂度是(n^{frac{1}{3}})的，因为对于大于(n^{frac{1}{3}})的i，除数肯定小于(n^{frac{1}{3}})

然后我们的复杂度就是
(O(sqrt{n} + sum_{i = 1}^{sqrt{n}} (frac{n}{i})^{frac{1}{3}}))可以解决问题

代码

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <cmath>
#include <bitset>
#include <queue>
#define enter putchar('
')
#define space putchar(' ')
//#define ivorysi
#define pb push_back
#define mo 974711
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define mp make_pair
#define fi first
#define se second
#define MAXN 200005
using namespace std;
typedef long long int64;
typedef double db;
template<class T>
void read(T &res) {
    res = 0;char c = getchar();T f = 1;
    while(c < '0' || c > '9') {
	if(c == '-') f = -1;
	c = getchar();
    }
    while(c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
	res = res * 10 - '0' + c;
	c = getchar();
    }
    res = res * f;
}
template<class T>
void out(T x) {
    if(x < 0) {x = -x;putchar('-');}
    if(x >= 10) out(x / 10);
    putchar('0' + x % 10);
}
int prime[100005],tot,mu[100005],M[100005];
bool nonprime[100005];
int F(int x) {
    int res = 0;
    for(int i = 1 ; i <= x / i ; ++i) {
	int r = sqrt(x / (x / (i * i)));
	if(x / ((r + 1) * (r + 1)) == x / (i * i)) ++r;
	if(x / (r * r) > x / (i * i)) --r;
	res += (x / (i * i)) * (M[r] - M[i - 1]);
	i = r;
    }
    return x - res;
}
int64 Solve(int x) {
    int64 res = 0;
    for(int i = 1 ; i <= x ; ++i) {
	int r = x / (x / i);
	res += 1LL * (r - i + 1) * F(x / i);
	i = r;
    }
    return res;
}
int main() {
#ifdef ivorysi
    freopen("f1.in","r",stdin);
#endif
    mu[1] = 1;M[1] = 1;
    for(int i = 2 ; i <= 100000 ; ++i) {
	if(!nonprime[i]) {
	    prime[++tot] = i;
	    mu[i] = -1;
	}
	for(int j = 1 ; j <= tot ; ++j) {
	    if(prime[j] > 100000 / i) break;
	    nonprime[i * prime[j]] = 1;
	    if(i % prime[j] == 0) break;
	    else mu[i * prime[j]] = -mu[i];
	}
	M[i] = M[i - 1] + mu[i];
    }
    int a,b;
    read(a);read(b);
    out(Solve(b) - Solve(a - 1));
    enter;
}