将对象组合成树形结构以表示整体-部分的层次结构,组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性.
UML:
示例代码:
透明组合:叶节点和子节点具有相同的接口
abstract class Component { protected $name; public function __construct($name) { $this->name = $name; } abstract public function add(Component $node); abstract public function remove(Component $node); abstract public function display($deep); } // 页节点 class Leaf extends Component { public function add(Component $node) { // 叶不能添加节点 } public function remove(Component $node) { // 叶不能删除节点 } public function display($deep) { echo str_repeat('-', $deep) . $this->name . PHP_EOL; } } // 枝节点 class Composite extends Component { protected $nodes = array(); public function add(Component $node) { $this->nodes[] = $node; } public function remove(Component $node) { unset($this->nodes[array_search($node, $this->nodes)]); } public function display($deep) { echo str_repeat('-', $deep) . $this->name . PHP_EOL; foreach ($this->nodes as $node) { $node->display($deep + 2); } } } $root = new Composite('/root'); $root->add(new Leaf('/a.txt')); $root->add(new Leaf('/b.txt')); $etc = new Composite('/etc'); $etc->add(new Leaf('httpd')); $etc->add(new Leaf('nginx')); $root->add($etc); $root->display(2);
示例代码:
安全组合:接口中不强制实现增加和删除节点,叶节点不具备该两项功能.
abstract class Component { protected $name; public function __construct($name) { $this->name = $name; } abstract public function display($deep); } // 页节点 class Leaf extends Component { public function display($deep) { echo str_repeat('-', $deep) . $this->name . PHP_EOL; } } // 枝节点 class Composite extends Component { protected $nodes = array(); public function add(Component $node) { $this->nodes[] = $node; } public function remove(Component $node) { unset($this->nodes[array_search($node, $this->nodes)]); } public function display($deep) { echo str_repeat('-', $deep) . $this->name . PHP_EOL; foreach ($this->nodes as $node) { $node->display($deep + 2); } } } $root = new Composite('/root'); $root->add(new Leaf('/a.txt')); $root->add(new Leaf('/b.txt')); $etc = new Composite('/etc'); $etc->add(new Leaf('httpd')); $etc->add(new Leaf('nginx')); $root->add($etc); $root->display(2);