在交互环境中通常使用pdb.run来调试:
import pdb def pdb_test(arg): for i in range (arg): print (i) return arg pdb.run( "pdb_test(3)" ) |
b 函数名、行号:
打断点,b可以查询所有的断点。
(Pdb) b pdb_test Breakpoint 1 at c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py: 3 (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 1 breakpoint keep yes at c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py: 3 |
c:
运行程序,直到遇到断点。
(Pdb) c > c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 4 )pdb_test() - > for i in range (arg): |
l:
查看断点周围的代码
(Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 B def pdb_test(arg): 4 - > for i in range (arg): 5 print (i) 6 return arg 7 8 pdb.run( "pdb_test(3)" ) |
a:
查看参数
(Pdb) a arg = 3 |
s, n:
单步运行,区别s会进入路径中的函数,n不会进入
p:
查看表达式的值
(Pdb) p i 0 |
condition:
条件断点,只有条件为true断点才命中
> c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 5 )pdb_test() - > print (i) (Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 def pdb_test(arg): 4 for i in range (arg): 5 B - > print (i) 6 return arg 7 8 pdb.run( "pdb_test(3)" ) [EOF] (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 2 breakpoint keep yes at c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py: 5 (Pdb) condition 2 i = = 1 / / i = = 1 时才触发断点 2 New condition set for breakpoint 2. (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 2 breakpoint keep yes at c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py: 5 stop only if i = = 1 (Pdb) c 0 / / i = = 0 直接打印未断住 > c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 5 )pdb_test() - > print (i) / / 触发断点,i = = 1 (Pdb) p i 1 |
bt:
查看调用堆栈
(Pdb) bt c:python33libdb.py( 405 )run() - > exec (cmd, globals , locals ) <string>( 1 )<module>() > c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 5 )pdb_test() - > print (i) |
r:
执行到函数返回
(Pdb) r 1 2 - - Return - - > c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 6 )pdb_test() - > 3 / / 代码位置、函数返回值 - > 3 - > return arg / / 代码位置的语句 (Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 def pdb_test(arg): 4 for i in range (arg): 5 print (i) 6 - > return arg 7 8 pdb.run( "pdb_test(3)" ) |
通过pdb.set_trace() 在代码中指定位置嵌入一个断点,通常可以通过调试开关来控制
import pdb __DEBUG__ = True def pdb_test(arg): if True = = __DEBUG__: pdb.set_trace() for i in range (arg): print (i) return arg pdb_test( 3 ) |
运行后在pdb.set_trace()位置被断住,当__DEBUG__ = False,代码正常运行
> c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 8 )pdb_test() - > for i in range (arg): (Pdb) l 3 __DEBUG__ = True 4 5 def pdb_test(arg): 6 if True = = __DEBUG__: 7 pdb.set_trace() 8 - > for i in range (arg): 9 print (i) 10 return arg 11 12 pdb_test( 3 ) [EOF] |
通过pdb.pm()进行事后调试,可以跟踪异常程序最后的堆载信息:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:UsersplpccDesktoppdbTest.py" , line 13 , in <module> pdb_test( 3 ) File "C:UsersplpccDesktoppdbTest.py" , line 10 , in pdb_test 1 / 0 ZeroDivisionError: division by zero >>> import pdb >>> pdb.pm() > c:usersplpccdesktoppdbtest.py( 10 )pdb_test() - > 1 / 0 (Pdb) l 5 def pdb_test(arg): 6 if True = = __DEBUG__: 7 pdb.set_trace() 8 for i in range (arg): 9 print (i) 10 - > 1 / 0 11 return arg 12 13 pdb_test( 3 ) |