• 373. Find K Pairs with Smallest Sums 找出求和和最小的k组数


    [抄题]:

    You are given two integer arrays nums1 and nums2 sorted in ascending order and an integer k.

    Define a pair (u,v) which consists of one element from the first array and one element from the second array.

    Find the k pairs (u1,v1),(u2,v2) ...(uk,vk) with the smallest sums.

    Example 1:

    Given nums1 = [1,7,11], nums2 = [2,4,6],  k = 3
    
    Return: [1,2],[1,4],[1,6]
    
    The first 3 pairs are returned from the sequence:
    [1,2],[1,4],[1,6],[7,2],[7,4],[11,2],[7,6],[11,4],[11,6]
    

     

    Example 2:

    Given nums1 = [1,1,2], nums2 = [1,2,3],  k = 2
    
    Return: [1,1],[1,1]
    
    The first 2 pairs are returned from the sequence:
    [1,1],[1,1],[1,2],[2,1],[1,2],[2,2],[1,3],[1,3],[2,3]
    

     

    Example 3:

    Given nums1 = [1,2], nums2 = [3],  k = 3 
    
    Return: [1,3],[2,3]
    
    All possible pairs are returned from the sequence:
    [1,3],[2,3]

     [暴力解法]:

    每个搜索一遍

    时间分析:n^2

    空间分析:

     [优化后]:

    时间分析:n

    空间分析:

    [奇葩输出条件]:

    [奇葩corner case]:

    [思维问题]:

    [英文数据结构或算法,为什么不用别的数据结构或算法]:

    1. res添加数组应该写成:res.add(new int[]{cur[0], cur[1]});
      1. q用的方法是offer/poll

    [一句话思路]:

    因为第一列的值都可能是最小的,所以先加第一列, 然后用q做bfs

    [输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

    [画图]:

    [一刷]:

    1. cur[2]是个数,用于控制dfs的退出
    2. (a,b)->a[0]+a[1]-b[0]-b[1] 表示2个组的比较,所以是自己和自己相加
      
      

    [二刷]:

    1. if (cur[2] == nums2.length - 1) continue;用于换下一个条件

    [三刷]:

    [四刷]:

    [五刷]:

      [五分钟肉眼debug的结果]:

    [总结]:

    bfs的依据是:cur1[0]不变,cur2加一

    [复杂度]:Time complexity: O(n) Space complexity: O(n)

    [算法思想:迭代/递归/分治/贪心]:

    [关键模板化代码]:

    [其他解法]:

    [Follow Up]:

    [LC给出的题目变变变]:

     [代码风格] :

     [是否头一次写此类driver funcion的代码] :

     [潜台词] :

     

    class Solution {
        public List<int[]> kSmallestPairs(int[] nums1, int[] nums2, int k) {
            //initialiazation: result heap
          List<int[]> result = new ArrayList<int[]>();
          PriorityQueue<int[]> q = new PriorityQueue<int[]>((a,b) -> a[0] + a[1] - b[0] - b[1]);
          
          //corner cases
         if (nums1.length == 0 || nums2.length == 0 || k<= 0) return result;
         
          //add the first col k nums into q
          for (int i = 0; i < nums1.length && i < k; i++) {
              q.offer(new int[]{nums1[i], nums2[0], 0});
          }
            
          //do bfs under while loop
          //add the first element to result, expand to other elements
            while (result.size() < k && !q.isEmpty()) {
                //add the first to result
                int[] cur = q.poll();
                result.add(new int[]{cur[0], cur[1]});
                
                //exit when cur[2] exceeds
                if (cur[2] == nums2.length - 1) continue;
                
                //expand
                q.offer(new int[] {cur[0], nums2[cur[2] + 1], cur[2] + 1});
            }
          
          //return
          return result;
        }
    }
    View Code
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/immiao0319/p/9527595.html
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