• 分分钟 搞懂 各种类型的关联


    在测试工作中,有时需要测试数据库数据经过sql计算后的结果是否满足某一功能查询得到的返回值。

    针对某些需要功能需要联查多张表,此时 关联 的作用就异常重要了,而针对多表关联,其中 关联条件的重要性不言而喻,

    不同的关联条件会得到不同的结果集。

      废话不多说,下面开始做个实验。

    建表 data_stock1, data_stock2

    drop table if exists data_stock1;
    drop table if exists data_stock2;
    
    -- 区分二表,通过amount取不同字段
    
    create table data_stock1(
    account varchar(20),
    amount1 int(10),
    init_date varchar(10)
    );
    
    create table data_stock1(
    account varchar(20),
    amount2 int(10),
    init_date varchar(10)
    );
    
    insert into data_stock1(account,amount1,init_date) values('2001',200,'20170101');
    insert into data_stock1 (account,amount1,init_date) values('2001',30,'20170102');
    insert into data_stock1 (account,amount1,init_date) values('2002',210,'20170102');
    insert into data_stock1 (account,amount1,init_date) values('2003',70,'20170102');
    insert into data_stock1(account,amount1,init_date) values('2002',10,'20170101');

    表data_stock1,select * from data_stock1;

    表data_stock2,自行插入值吧,数据如下,select * from data_stock2;

     

    ---------------------------------------------------我是分割线-------------------------------------

    一切准备就绪;下面实验开始;将两个表进行关联,关联 分为 外联,内联。

    内联 inner join ,内联 的结果集 是data_stock2,data_stock1表中共同存在的结果;data  in (data_stock2,data_stock1)

    外联 outer join ,分为全联(full outer join),左联(left join),右联(right join),区别如下:

    -- --左关联, a.account=b.account

    select * 

    from data_stock1 a left join data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account);

     

    -- --左关联,a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date
    select *
    from data_stock1 a left join data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date);

    -- --左关联,a.account=b.account,再做聚合 求平均值

    select a.account,(AVG(a.amount1)+AVG(b.amount2)) as dispersion
    from data_stock1 a left join data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account )
    group by a.account;

    -- --左关联,a.account=b.account,再做聚合 求平均值

    select a.account,(AVG(a.amount1)+AVG(b.amount2)) as dispersion
    from data_stock1 a left join data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date)
    group by a.account;

    -- --右关联, a.account=b.account
    select *
    from data_stock1 a RIGHT JOIN data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account);

    -- --右关联,a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date
    select *
    from data_stock1 a RIGHT JOIN data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date);

    -- --内联, a.account=b.account

    --写法1 ,select *
    from data_stock1 a INNER JOIN data_stock2 b on a.account=b.account;

    --写法2, select *
    from data_stock1 a , data_stock2 b where a.account=b.account;

    --写法3 ,select *
    from data_stock1 a JOIN data_stock2 b on a.account=b.account;

    -- --内联,a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date
    select *
    from data_stock1 a INNER JOIN data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date);

    select *
    from data_stock1 a ,data_stock2 b where (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date);

    -- --右关联,a.account=b.account,再做聚合 求平均值

    select a.account,(AVG(a.amount1)+AVG(b.amount2)) as dispersion
    from data_stock1 a RIGHT JOIN data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account )
    group by a.account;

    -- --右关联,a.account=b.account,再做聚合 求平均值,再做聚合 求平均值

    select a.account,(AVG(a.amount1)+AVG(b.amount2)) as dispersion
    from data_stock1 a RIGHT JOIN data_stock2 b on (a.account=b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date)
    group by a.account;   

    注意,此时出现了 NULL账号,是因为右联的时候,结果集为NULL,而以 group by a.account做聚合,会有NULL

     

     --- 多表关联探究

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/iloverain/p/8708470.html
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