测试磁盘读写速度：
通过安装hdparm，可以测试EMMC的读写速度：
dolphin@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get install hdparm
dolphin@localhost:/dev$ sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/mmcblk1
/dev/mmcblk1:
Timing cached reads: 1202 MB in 2.00 seconds = 601.20 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 340 MB in 3.01 seconds = 113.01 MB/sec
dolphin@localhost:~/data$ dd count=50 bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=~/data/test.img
50+0 records in
50+0 records out
52428800 bytes (52 MB, 50 MiB) copied, 0.620573 s, 84.5 MB/s
测试CPU性能
sysbench是一款开源的多线程性能测试工具，可以执行CPU/内存/线程/IO/数据库等方面的性能测试。可以通过apt install sysbench来安装。
CPU 测试时，会计算素数（对这个数字除以 2 到这个数字平方根之间的所有数字来验证素数）直到某个指定值所需要的时间。
sysbench --num-threads=4 --test=cpu --cpu-max-prime=20000 run
可以看到RK3399在该测试下的结果是9.9957s：
Threads started!
CPU speed:
events per second: 1927.70
General statistics:
total time: 10.0027s
total number of events: 19301
Latency (ms):
min: 1.42
avg: 2.07
max: 22.63
95th percentile: 3.62
sum: 39982.94
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 4825.2500/2066.85
execution time (avg/stddev): 9.9957/0.00
另一个性能测试跑分软件是nbench，可以对单个核进行内存、整型运算和浮点运算性能测试，具体包括以下10个测试项，可以通过wiki参考链接进一步了解。
- Numeric sort - Sorts an array of long integers.
- String sort - Sorts an array of strings of arbitrary length.
- Bitfield - Executes a variety of bit manipulation functions.
- Emulated floating-point - A small software floating-point package.
- Fourier coefficients - A numerical analysis routine for calculating series approximations of waveforms.
- Assignment algorithm - A well-known task allocation algorithm.
- Huffman compression - A well-known text and graphics compression algorithm.
- IDEA encryption - A relatively new block cipher algorithm.
- Neural Net - A small but functional back-propagation network simulator.
- LU Decomposition - A robust algorithm for solving linear equations.
获取源代码，并编译运行。
wget http://www.math.utah.edu/~mayer/linux/nbench-byte-2.2.3.tar.gz
tar -xvzf nbench-byte-2.2.3.tar.gz
cd nbench-byte-2.2.3
make
./nbench
可以看到6核的RK3399在nbench中跑分整数和浮点数分数79.409与44.893
pi@NanoPi-NEO4:~/nbench-byte-2.2.3$ ./nbench
BYTEmark* Native Mode Benchmark ver. 2 (10/95)
Index-split by Andrew D. Balsa (11/97)
Linux/Unix* port by Uwe F. Mayer (12/96,11/97)
TEST : Iterations/sec. : Old Index : New Index
: : Pentium 90* : AMD K6/233*
--------------------:------------------:-------------:------------
NUMERIC SORT : 1242.3 : 31.86 : 10.46
STRING SORT : 389.92 : 174.23 : 26.97
BITFIELD : 2.2521e+08 : 38.63 : 8.07
FP EMULATION : 369.93 : 177.51 : 40.96
FOURIER : 23017 : 26.18 : 14.70
ASSIGNMENT : 21.776 : 82.86 : 21.49
IDEA : 6673.9 : 102.07 : 30.31
HUFFMAN : 2230.3 : 61.85 : 19.75
NEURAL NET : 39.53 : 63.50 : 26.71
LU DECOMPOSITION : 1050.7 : 54.43 : 39.31
==========================ORIGINAL BYTEMARK RESULTS==========================
INTEGER INDEX : 79.409
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 44.893
Baseline (MSDOS*) : Pentium* 90, 256 KB L2-cache, Watcom* compiler 10.0
==============================LINUX DATA BELOW===============================
CPU : 6 CPU
L2 Cache :
OS : Linux 4.4.143
C compiler : gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04)
libc : static
MEMORY INDEX : 16.723
INTEGER INDEX : 22.505
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 24.899
Baseline (LINUX) : AMD K6/233*, 512 KB L2-cache, gcc 2.7.2.3, libc-5.4.38
* Trademarks are property of their respective holder.
以下是S5P6818上使用32bit 系统的表现：
pi@NanoPi-Fire3:~/work/nbench-byte-2.2.3$ ./nbench
BYTEmark* Native Mode Benchmark ver. 2 (10/95)
Index-split by Andrew D. Balsa (11/97)
Linux/Unix* port by Uwe F. Mayer (12/96,11/97)
TEST : Iterations/sec. : Old Index : New Index
: : Pentium 90* : AMD K6/233*
--------------------:------------------:-------------:------------
NUMERIC SORT : 660.92 : 16.95 : 5.57
STRING SORT : 88.288 : 39.45 : 6.11
BITFIELD : 1.9179e+08 : 32.90 : 6.87
FP EMULATION : 102.92 : 49.38 : 11.40
FOURIER : 10112 : 11.50 : 6.46
ASSIGNMENT : 12.921 : 49.17 : 12.75
IDEA : 3181.4 : 48.66 : 14.45
HUFFMAN : 1202.3 : 33.34 : 10.65
NEURAL NET : 13.628 : 21.89 : 9.21
LU DECOMPOSITION : 459.08 : 23.78 : 17.17
==========================ORIGINAL BYTEMARK RESULTS==========================
INTEGER INDEX : 36.521
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 18.158
Baseline (MSDOS*) : Pentium* 90, 256 KB L2-cache, Watcom* compiler 10.0
==============================LINUX DATA BELOW===============================
CPU : 8 CPU
L2 Cache :
OS : Linux 4.4.49-s5p6818
C compiler : gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11)
libc : libc-2.23.so
MEMORY INDEX : 8.119
INTEGER INDEX : 9.939
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 10.071
Baseline (LINUX) : AMD K6/233*, 512 KB L2-cache, gcc 2.7.2.3, libc-5.4.38
* Trademarks are property of their respective holder.
对应的相同平台上运行64bit系统的测试结果：
BYTEmark* Native Mode Benchmark ver. 2 (10/95)
Index-split by Andrew D. Balsa (11/97)
Linux/Unix* port by Uwe F. Mayer (12/96,11/97)
TEST : Iterations/sec. : Old Index : New Index
: : Pentium 90* : AMD K6/233*
--------------------:------------------:-------------:------------
NUMERIC SORT : 800.68 : 20.53 : 6.74
STRING SORT : 159.48 : 71.26 : 11.03
BITFIELD : 2.22e+08 : 38.08 : 7.95
FP EMULATION : 219.6 : 105.37 : 24.32
FOURIER : 11728 : 13.34 : 7.49
ASSIGNMENT : 11.77 : 44.79 : 11.62
IDEA : 3420.5 : 52.32 : 15.53
HUFFMAN : 1133.7 : 31.44 : 10.04
NEURAL NET : 15.737 : 25.28 : 10.63
LU DECOMPOSITION : 532.56 : 27.59 : 19.92
==========================ORIGINAL BYTEMARK RESULTS==========================
INTEGER INDEX : 45.950
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 21.031
Baseline (MSDOS*) : Pentium* 90, 256 KB L2-cache, Watcom* compiler 10.0
==============================LINUX DATA BELOW===============================
CPU : 8 CPU
L2 Cache :
OS : Linux 4.4.49-s5p6818
C compiler : gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04)
libc : libc-2.27.so
MEMORY INDEX : 10.064
INTEGER INDEX : 12.645
FLOATING-POINT INDEX: 11.664
Baseline (LINUX) : AMD K6/233*, 512 KB L2-cache, gcc 2.7.2.3, libc-5.4.38
* Trademarks are property of their respective holder.
测试结果对比如下，运算性能上，整数提高了26%，浮点提高了16%：
| 测试项 | 32bit | 64bit | 性能差 |
|---|---|---|---|
| NUMERIC SORT | 660.92 | 800.68 | 21% |
| STRING SORT | 88.288 | 159.48 | 81% |
| BITFIELD | 1.92E+08 | 2.22E+08 | 16% |
| FP EMULATION | 102.92 | 219.6 | 113% |
| FOURIER | 10112 | 11728 | 16% |
| ASSIGNMENT | 12.921 | 11.77 | -9% |
| IDEA | 3181.4 | 3420.5 | 8% |
| HUFFMAN | 1202.3 | 1133.7 | -6% |
| NEURAL NET | 13.628 | 15.737 | 15% |
| LU DECOMPOSITION | 459.08 | 532.56 | 16% |
| INTEGER | 36.521 | 45.95 | 26% |
| FLOATING-POINT | 18.158 | 21.031 | 16% |
测试DDR性能
在小机上创建内存盘，将频繁读写的缓存和对速度有要求的小文件放到内存中，当然也可以用来测试读写速度：
dolphin@localhost:/$ sudo mkdir /ram
dolphin@localhost:/$ sudo mount -t tmpfs -o size=100m,mode=0777 tmpfs /ram
dolphin@localhost:/$ cd ram
dolphin@localhost:/ram$ dd count=80 bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=/ram/test.img
50+0 records in
50+0 records out
52428800 bytes (52 MB, 50 MiB) copied, 0.134943 s, 389 MB/s
也可以用sysbench来测试，例如指定 4 个线程，缓冲区大小为 64KB，在内存中传输 10G 数据的测试：
sysbench --threads=4 --memory-block-size=64k --memory-total-size=10G memory run
10240.00 MiB transferred (3538.21 MiB/sec)
General statistics:
total time: 2.8907s
total number of events: 163840
Latency (ms):
min: 0.01
avg: 0.07
max: 11.02
95th percentile: 0.10
sum: 11207.68
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 40960.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 2.8019/0.02
小礼物走一走，来简书关注我
作者：shaniadolphin
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/7a0dc79ced11
来源：简书
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