环境：
Redhat6.5 64位
安装前准备，给虚拟机添加一块磁盘，大小10G
第一步先查看系统磁盘列表
1 [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l 2 3 Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 4 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders 5 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes 6 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 7 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 8 Disk identifier: 0x00029423 9 10 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System 11 /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux 12 Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. 13 /dev/sda2 64 587 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris 14 Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. 15 /dev/sda3 587 3917 26749952 83 Linux 16 17 Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes //第二块磁盘没有分区列表，也就是没有分区 18 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders 19 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes 20 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 21 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 22 Disk identifier: 0x00000000
第二步，给第二块磁盘(/dev/sdb)分区
1 [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb //给第二块硬盘分区 2 3 WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to 4 switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to 5 sectors (command 'u'). 6 7 Command (m for help): n //新建一个分区 8 Command action 9 e extended 10 p primary partition (1-4) 11 p //分区类型为主分区 12 Partition number (1-4): 1 //由于主分区加扩展分区只能有四个1-4 13 First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): //直接回车默认为第一块分区 14 Using default value 1 15 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): +2G //由于磁盘柱面不好理解，可以直接指定分区大小单位(K,M,G) 16 17 Command (m for help): n //再新建一个分区 18 Command action 19 e extended 20 p primary partition (1-4) 21 e //分区类型为扩展分区 22 Partition number (1-4): 2 //不能使用前面已用过的分区号 23 First cylinder (263-1305, default 263): //直接回车，默认起始柱面即可 24 Using default value 263 25 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (263-1305, default 1305): +5G //指定分区大小 26 27 Command (m for help): n //新建分区 28 Command action 29 l logical (5 or over) 30 p primary partition (1-4) 31 l //前面已经有了扩展分区，所以可以新建逻辑分区了 32 First cylinder (263-916, default 263): //直接回车 33 Using default value 263 34 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (263-916, default 916): +2G //指定分区大小 35 36 Command (m for help): n 37 Command action 38 l logical (5 or over) 39 p primary partition (1-4) 40 l 41 First cylinder (525-916, default 525): 42 Using default value 525 43 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (525-916, default 916): +2G 44 45 Command (m for help): p //查看分区列表 46 47 Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 48 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders 49 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes 50 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 51 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 52 Disk identifier: 0x9c990fc8 53 54 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System 55 /dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux 56 /dev/sdb2 263 916 5253255 5 Extended 57 /dev/sdb5 263 524 2104483+ 83 Linux 58 /dev/sdb6 525 786 2104483+ 83 Linux 59 60 Command (m for help): w //保存分区列表并退出
注意退出后，这时磁盘还不能写入内容。
第三步，刷新磁盘
1 [root@localhost ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb
第四步格式化前面的sdb5和sdb6,分区只有格式化后才能写入内容。
1 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb5 //mkfs 制作文件系统 -t 指定文件系统类型 2 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 3 Filesystem label= 4 OS type: Linux 5 Block size=4096 (log=2) 6 Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 7 Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 8 131648 inodes, 526120 blocks 9 26306 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 10 First data block=0 11 Maximum filesystem blocks=541065216 12 17 block groups 13 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 14 7744 inodes per group 15 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 16 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 17 18 Writing inode tables: done 19 Creating journal (16384 blocks): done 20 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 21 22 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or 23 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 24 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb6 25 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 26 Filesystem label= 27 OS type: Linux 28 Block size=4096 (log=2) 29 Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 30 Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 31 131648 inodes, 526120 blocks 32 26306 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 33 First data block=0 34 Maximum filesystem blocks=541065216 35 17 block groups 36 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 37 7744 inodes per group 38 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 39 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 40 41 Writing inode tables: done 42 Creating journal (16384 blocks): done 43 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 44 45 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or 46 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
第五步，挂在分区测试
1 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /media/mountsdb //新建一个目录挂载分区使用 2 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb5 /media/mountsdb/ 3 [root@localhost ~]# cd /media/mountsdb/ 4 [root@localhost mountsdb]# ls 5 lost+found 6 [root@localhost mountsdb]# touch example.txt //创建文件测试是否能写入内容 7 [root@localhost mountsdb]# ls 8 example.txt lost+found 9 [root@localhost mountsdb]#