自动补全多标签输入, 适合新闻标签/商品标签

2015年5月12日 20:16:48 星期二

效果: 

原理:

1. 建立"单字"索引(倒排索引): 将汉字拆分成单个字, 作为redis hash 的一个键, 将所有包含该字的id作为hash的值

2. 每次输入一个字, 就去redis里将该字的所有id取出来, 输入第二个字的时候, 取出第二个字的所有id与第一个字的id求交集

　　求得同时包含这两个字的所有id, 再进一步获取id对应的信息并返回

另外:

1. 文中还建立了两个全词索引(redis hash), 一个是 {"完整汉字词语" : "id", .....} 另一个是 {"id" : "完整汉字词语" ,.......} 方便后续程序使用, 与这个自动补全关系不大

2. 小细节, 每次点选词语的时候, js自动补上"," 而且ajax请求数据的时候, 只把最后一个","后边的用户输入词语发送给服务端

话不多说, 上代码:

js+css

<script type="text/javascript">
var ac_domain = 'http://'+document.domain+'/';
initAutoComplete();
function initAutoComplete()
{
    var ac_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input');
    if (!ac_input) {return false;}
    var ac_rebuildindex = document.getElementById('rebuild_autocomplete_index');

    if (document.attachEvent) {
        ac_input.attachEvent('oninput', input_autocomplete); //输入时进行自动补全
        // ac_input.attachEvent('onblur', hide_autocomplete); //鼠标点击其它地方隐藏div, 屏蔽 因为onblur 和 onclick 冲突
        ac_input.attachEvent('onfocus', input_autocomplete); //输入框重新获取焦点时显示自动补全结果
        ac_input.attachEvent('onkeydown', input_autocomplete_keydown); //处理按键信息
        ac_rebuildindex.attachEvent('onclick', rebuild_autocomplete_index);
    } else {
        ac_input.addEventListener('input', input_autocomplete); //输入时进行自动补全
        // ac_input.addEventListener('blur', hide_autocomplete); //鼠标点击其它地方隐藏div, 屏蔽 因为onblur 和 onclick 冲突
        ac_input.addEventListener('focus', input_autocomplete); //输入框重新获取焦点时显示自动补全结果
        ac_input.addEventListener('keydown', input_autocomplete_keydown); //处理按键信息
        ac_rebuildindex.addEventListener('click', rebuild_autocomplete_index);
    }

    $(document).bind("click",function(e){
        var target  = $(e.target);//表示当前对象，切记，如果没有e这个参数，即表示整个BODY对象
        if(target.closest(".form-input-autocomplete,#auto_complete_input").length == 0){
           hide_autocomplete();
        }
     })
}

function input_autocomplete()
{
    var ac_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input');
    var userinput = ac_input.value;
    if (!userinput) {return false;}
    var arr_new_word = userinput.split(/,s*/);
    var new_word = arr_new_word.pop();

    var url = ac_domain+'getAutoComplete?word='+new_word;
    $.get(url, 
        function(data) {
            if (!data) {return false;};
            var objGame = eval('('+data+')');
            html = '<ul>';
            for (var i in objGame) {
                html += '<li class="auto_complete_li" data-id="'+i+'" data-name="'+objGame[i]+'">'+objGame[i]+'</li>';
            }
            html += '</ul>';
            var ac_div = $("#auto_complete_div");
            ac_div.show();
            ac_div.html(html);
            click_autocomplete_li(); //注册点击事件
        }
    );
}

function hide_autocomplete()
{
    var ac_div = document.getElementById('auto_complete_div');
    ac_div.style.display = 'none';
}

function click_autocomplete_li()
{
    var arr_ac_li = getElementsByClassName('auto_complete_li', 'ul');
    for (var i = 0; i < arr_ac_li.length; i++) {
        arr_ac_li[i].addEventListener('click', function () {
            //获取列表li上的数据, 并组装
            var data_id = this.getAttribute('data-id');
            var data_name = this.getAttribute('data-name');
            var data_info = data_id+'|'+data_name;

            ///////向输入框写数据
            var already_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input');

            //去掉用户的输入, 换做用户点击的li里的name
            var arr_already_input = already_input.value.split(/,s*/);
            arr_already_input.pop(); 
            arr_already_input.push(data_name);

            //去重
            var hash_already_input = {};
            for (var i in arr_already_input) {
                hash_already_input[arr_already_input[i]] = arr_already_input[i];
            }
            arr_already_input = [];
            for (key in hash_already_input) {
                arr_already_input.push(key);
            }

            //回写入表单
            var str_already_input = arr_already_input.join(", ");
            document.getElementById('auto_complete_input').value = str_already_input+", ";

            //如果只有一条匹配, 点击后就消失, 多条的话点击后不消失, 可以多次点选
            if (arr_ac_li.length == 1) {
                hide_autocomplete();
            };
        })
    };
}

function rebuild_autocomplete_index()
{
    var nodeParent = this.parentNode;
    var url = ac_domain+'buildTeamAutoComplete';
    $.get(url, 
        function(data) {
            nodeParent.innerHTML = '已经重建索引,再点击输入框试试';
        }
    );
}

function input_autocomplete_keydown(e)
{
    switch(e.keyCode){
        case '8':
        //按下删除键
        input_autocomplete();
        break;
    };
}

function getElementsByClassName(className, tagName)
{
    var t = typeof(document.getElementsByClassName);

    if (t == 'function') {
        return document.getElementsByClassName(className);
    }

    var tags, matchedTags;
    if (tagName) {
        tags = document.getElementsByTagName(tagName);
    } else {
        tags = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
    }

    matchedTags = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < tags.length; i++) {
        if (tags[i].className.indexOf(className) != -1) {
            matchedTags.push(tags[i]);
        }
    }

    return matchedTags;
}
</script>

<style type="text/css">
    /*自动补全*/
    .form-input-autocomplete {padding: 0px;  200px; border: 1px solid #aaa; display: none; z-index: 99; position: absolute; background-color: #fff; filter: alpha(opacity=100); opacity: 1;}
    .form-input-autocomplete ul {margin: 0px;padding: 0px; text-align: left; list-style: none; font:15px;}
    .form-input-autocomplete ul li{margin: 3px;}
    .form-input-autocomplete ul li:hover{background-color: #eee; cursor:hand;}
</style>

html (只用在原有的表单上加一个id, 并在下方添加一个隐藏的div, id/class如下)

<input type="text" id="auto_complete_input" autocomplete="off" placeholder="新闻标签" value=""> <a href="javascript:;" id="rebuild_autocomplete_index">没找到? 点这里试试</a>
<div class="form-input-autocomplete" id="auto_complete_div"></div>

php (php+redis:hash)

    //创建索引
    public function dobuildTeamAutoComplete()
    {
        $oneWordIndex = 'autocomplete_zi'; //单字索引
        $allWordIndexByName = 'autocomplete_ci_name'; //全词索引, 键为全名(火箭:team_1_2)
        $allWordIndexById = 'autocomplete_ci_id'; //全词索引, 键名为id(team_1_2:火箭)

        $type = 'team_';

        //删除之前所有的旧值
        $this->redis->del($oneWordIndex);

        //重新构建
        $team = $this->redis->hgetall('LeagueTeamsNames');

        $oneWordInfo = array();
        $allWordInfoName = array();
        foreach ($team as $lid => $jsonTeam) {
            if ($lid != 8 && $lid != 12) {
                $arrTeam = json_decode($jsonTeam, true);
                foreach ($arrTeam as $name => $tid) {
                    $value = $type.$tid.'_'.$lid;
                    $allWordInfo[$name] = $value;
                    $length = mb_strlen($name, 'UTF-8');
                    for ($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
                        $strOne = mb_substr($name, $i, 1, 'UTF-8');
                        $oneWordInfo[$strOne][$value] = $value; //懒得去重了
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        $oneWordInfoRedis = array();
        foreach ($oneWordInfo as $word => $ids) {
            $a = array_values($ids);
            $oneWordInfoRedis[$word] = json_encode($a);
        }

        //索引写入redis       
        $this->redis->hmset($oneWordIndex, $oneWordInfoRedis);
        $this->redis->hmset($allWordIndexByName, $allWordInfo);
        $this->redis->hmset($allWordIndexById, array_flip($allWordInfo));

        exit('over');
    }

    //自动补全请求处理函数
    public function dogetAutoComplete()
    {
        $oneWordIndex = 'autocomplete_zi'; //单字索引
        $allWordIndexById = 'autocomplete_ci_id'; //全词索引, 键名为id(team_1_2:火箭)

        $word = common::request('word', 'G');

        if (empty($word)) {
            exit('0');
        }
        $intWordLength = mb_strlen($word, 'UTF-8');

        $arrId = array();
        if (1 == $intWordLength) {
            $jsonId = $this->redisSlave->hget($oneWordIndex, $word);
            $arrId = json_decode($jsonId, true);
        } else {
            for ($i=0; $i < $intWordLength; $i++) {
                $strOne = mb_substr($word, $i, 1, 'UTF-8');
                $jsonIdTmp = $this->redisSlave->hget($oneWordIndex, $strOne);
                $arrIdTmp = json_decode($jsonIdTmp, true);

                $arrIdTmp = $arrIdTmp ? $arrIdTmp : array();
                $arrId = empty($arrId) ? $arrIdTmp : $arrId;
                $b = array_intersect($arrId, $arrIdTmp);
                $arrId = empty($b) ? $arrId : $b; // 新输入的词如果跟之前的没有交集, 就维持原来的交集不变
            }
        }
        $arrId = empty($arrId) ? array() : $arrId;

        //获取球队信息
        $arrInfo = array();
        foreach ($arrId as $v) {
            $arrInfo[$v] = $this->redisSlave->hget($allWordIndexById, $v);
        }

        $jsonInfo = json_encode($arrInfo);
        exit($jsonInfo);
    }