Fabric 1.4 源码分析 区块同步
本文主要从源码层面介绍fabric peer同步区块过程，peer同步区块主要有2个过程：
1）peer组织的leader与orderer同步区块
2）peer组织间peer同步区块。
1. peer leader和orderer同步区块
首先，orderer对外主要是broadcast和deliver两个服务orderer服务介绍。并且我们知道peer和orderer同步区块肯定是deliver服务实现的，但是到底是peer从orderer拉还是ordrer推送给peer呢？由于peer可以知道orderer信息（配置块）并且是grpc服务，则推断是peer从orderer拉区块。如果是拉区块，那么peer如何获取区块，获取区块的方式是什么？
1.1 Orderer Deliver服务
首先，查看orderer deliver服务是怎么运行的，是如何同步区块的。
当deliver服务被调用时，转到Handle()方法处理
func (h *Handler) Handle(ctx context.Context, srv *Server) error {
...
for {
logger.Debugf("Attempting to read seek info message from %s", addr)
// 接受发来envelope
envelope, err := srv.Recv()
...
// 分发区块
status, err := h.deliverBlocks(ctx, srv, envelope)
...
}
}
其中，srv.Recv()接收envelope，在根据envelope信息分发block。
func (h *Handler) deliverBlocks(ctx context.Context, srv *Server, envelope *cb.Envelope) (status cb.Status, err error) {
addr := util.ExtractRemoteAddress(ctx)
payload, err := utils.UnmarshalPayload(envelope.Payload)
if payload.Header == nil {
logger.Warningf("Malformed envelope received from %s with bad header", addr)
return cb.Status_BAD_REQUEST, nil
}
chdr, err := utils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
err = h.validateChannelHeader(ctx, chdr)
chain := h.ChainManager.GetChain(chdr.ChannelId)
defer func() {
labels := append(labels, "success", strconv.FormatBool(status == cb.Status_SUCCESS))
h.Metrics.RequestsCompleted.With(labels...).Add(1)
}()
accessControl, err := NewSessionAC(chain, envelope, srv.PolicyChecker, chdr.ChannelId, crypto.ExpiresAt)
if err != nil {
logger.Warningf("[channel: %s] failed to create access control object due to %s", chdr.ChannelId, err)
return cb.Status_BAD_REQUEST, nil
}
if err := accessControl.Evaluate(); err != nil {
logger.Warningf("[channel: %s] Client authorization revoked for deliver request from %s: %s", chdr.ChannelId, addr, err)
return cb.Status_FORBIDDEN, nil
}
seekInfo := &ab.SeekInfo{}
// 返回迭代器及起始区块号
cursor, number := chain.Reader().Iterator(seekInfo.Start)
defer cursor.Close()
var stopNum uint64
switch stop := seekInfo.Stop.Type.(type) {
case *ab.SeekPosition_Oldest:
stopNum = number
case *ab.SeekPosition_Newest:
stopNum = chain.Reader().Height() - 1
case *ab.SeekPosition_Specified:
stopNum = stop.Specified.Number
if stopNum < number {
logger.Warningf("[channel: %s] Received invalid seekInfo message from %s: start number %d greater than stop number %d", chdr.ChannelId, addr, number, stopNum)
return cb.Status_BAD_REQUEST, nil
}
}
for {
if seekInfo.Behavior == ab.SeekInfo_FAIL_IF_NOT_READY {
if number > chain.Reader().Height()-1 {
return cb.Status_NOT_FOUND, nil
}
}
var block *cb.Block
var status cb.Status
iterCh := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
// 获取区块
block, status = cursor.Next()
close(iterCh)
}()
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
logger.Debugf("Context canceled, aborting wait for next block")
return cb.Status_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, errors.Wrapf(ctx.Err(), "context finished before block retrieved")
case <-erroredChan:
// TODO, today, the only user of the errorChan is the orderer consensus implementations. If the peer ever reports
// this error, we will need to update this error message, possibly finding a way to signal what error text to return.
logger.Warningf("Aborting deliver for request because the backing consensus implementation indicates an error")
return cb.Status_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, nil
case <-iterCh:
// Iterator has set the block and status vars
}
if status != cb.Status_SUCCESS {
logger.Errorf("[channel: %s] Error reading from channel, cause was: %v", chdr.ChannelId, status)
return status, nil
}
// increment block number to support FAIL_IF_NOT_READY deliver behavior
number++
if err := accessControl.Evaluate(); err != nil {
logger.Warningf("[channel: %s] Client authorization revoked for deliver request from %s: %s", chdr.ChannelId, addr, err)
return cb.Status_FORBIDDEN, nil
}
logger.Debugf("[channel: %s] Delivering block for (%p) for %s", chdr.ChannelId, seekInfo, addr)
// 发送区块
if err := srv.SendBlockResponse(block); err != nil {
logger.Warningf("[channel: %s] Error sending to %s: %s", chdr.ChannelId, addr, err)
return cb.Status_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, err
}
h.Metrics.BlocksSent.With(labels...).Add(1)
// 如果到了client请求对最后区块跳出循环
if stopNum == block.Header.Number {
break
}
}
logger.Debugf("[channel: %s] Done delivering to %s for (%p)", chdr.ChannelId, addr, seekInfo)
return cb.Status_SUCCESS, nil
}
- 反序列化envelope.Payload
- 对payload.Header和ChannelHeader进行验证
- 根据通道获取对应对chain
- 访问控制相关验证，policy，signature
- 从payload.data解析出SeekInfo
- 新建一个迭代器cursor
- 通过stop.type判断stopNum()
- cursor.Next()获取下个区块及SendBlockResponse()发送区块
- 判断是否达到请求的最后区块，是就跳过循环
// Chain encapsulates chain operations and data.
type Chain interface {
// Sequence returns the current config sequence number, can be used to detect config changes
Sequence() uint64
// PolicyManager returns the current policy manager as specified by the chain configuration
PolicyManager() policies.Manager
// Reader returns the chain Reader for the chain
Reader() blockledger.Reader
// Errored returns a channel which closes when the backing consenter has errored
Errored() <-chan struct{}
}
type SeekInfo struct {
Start *SeekPosition `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=start,proto3" json:"start,omitempty"`
Stop *SeekPosition `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=stop,proto3" json:"stop,omitempty"`
Behavior SeekInfo_SeekBehavior `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=behavior,proto3,enum=orderer.SeekInfo_SeekBehavior" json:"behavior,omitempty"`
XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
XXX_unrecognized []byte `json:"-"`
XXX_sizecache int32 `json:"-"`
}
1.2 peer从orderer同步区块
这里主要解决1个问题：peer如何触发orderer deliver服务？即peer和orderer怎么同步区块的？
在介绍之前参阅peer节点启动流程。在peer节点启动过程中会执行peer.Initialize()方法，对peer所在的所有chain实例化。其中调用了createChain()接口创建链对象。在createChain()方法中调用了GossipService.InitializeChannel()方法。然后调用g.deliveryService[chainID].StartDeliverForChannel()方法获取区块。
func (d *deliverServiceImpl) StartDeliverForChannel(chainID string, ledgerInfo blocksprovider.LedgerInfo, finalizer func()) error {
d.lock.Lock()
defer d.lock.Unlock()
if d.stopping {
errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Delivery service is stopping cannot join a new channel %s", chainID)
logger.Errorf(errMsg)
return errors.New(errMsg)
}
if _, exist := d.blockProviders[chainID]; exist {
errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Delivery service - block provider already exists for %s found, can't start delivery", chainID)
logger.Errorf(errMsg)
return errors.New(errMsg)
} else {
client := d.newClient(chainID, ledgerInfo)
logger.Debug("This peer will pass blocks from orderer service to other peers for channel", chainID)
// 创建区块deliver实例
d.blockProviders[chainID] = blocksprovider.NewBlocksProvider(chainID, client, d.conf.Gossip, d.conf.CryptoSvc)
// 执行
go d.launchBlockProvider(chainID, finalizer)
}
return nil
}
其中newClient()创建一个broadcastClient，传入参数为requester.RequestBlocks(ledgerInfoProvider)方法。很显然，peer是通过该方法获取区块的，那么该方法主要实现是什么？
func (b *blocksRequester) RequestBlocks(ledgerInfoProvider blocksprovider.LedgerInfo) error {
height, err := ledgerInfoProvider.LedgerHeight()
if err != nil {
logger.Errorf("Can't get ledger height for channel %s from committer [%s]", b.chainID, err)
return err
}
if height > 0 {
logger.Debugf("Starting deliver with block [%d] for channel %s", height, b.chainID)
if err := b.seekLatestFromCommitter(height); err != nil {
return err
}
} else {
logger.Debugf("Starting deliver with oldest block for channel %s", b.chainID)
if err := b.seekOldest(); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
调用了seek_XXX方法，其中
type SeekInfo struct {
Start *SeekPosition `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=start,proto3" json:"start,omitempty"`
Stop *SeekPosition `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=stop,proto3" json:"stop,omitempty"`
Behavior SeekInfo_SeekBehavior `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=behavior,proto3,enum=orderer.SeekInfo_SeekBehavior" json:"behavior,omitempty"`
XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
XXX_unrecognized []byte `json:"-"`
XXX_sizecache int32 `json:"-"`
}
func (b *blocksRequester) seekOldest() error {
seekInfo := &orderer.SeekInfo{
Start: &orderer.SeekPosition{Type: &orderer.SeekPosition_Oldest{Oldest: &orderer.SeekOldest{}}},
Stop: &orderer.SeekPosition{Type: &orderer.SeekPosition_Specified{Specified: &orderer.SeekSpecified{Number: math.MaxUint64}}},
Behavior: orderer.SeekInfo_BLOCK_UNTIL_READY,
}
//TODO- epoch and msgVersion may need to be obtained for nowfollowing usage in orderer/configupdate/configupdate.go
msgVersion := int32(0)
epoch := uint64(0)
tlsCertHash := b.getTLSCertHash()
env, err := utils.CreateSignedEnvelopeWithTLSBinding(common.HeaderType_DELIVER_SEEK_INFO, b.chainID, localmsp.NewSigner(), seekInfo, msgVersion, epoch, tlsCertHash)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// 发送envelope给orderer获取区块
return b.client.Send(env)
}
从其中RequestBlocks()调用的2个方法可知,seekInfo的stopNum都为math.MaxUint64，则该方法会持续请求区块知道最大值（可以看作现在到未来的所有区块）。
上文可知，broadcastClient已经实例化，并且通过调用broadcastClient.onConnect向orderer发送获取区块的envelope。在实例化后，调用launchBlockProvider。然后会调用 pb.DeliverBlocks()方法（开始获取区块）。
type broadcastClient struct {
stopFlag int32
stopChan chan struct{}
createClient clientFactory
shouldRetry retryPolicy
onConnect broadcastSetup
prod comm.ConnectionProducer
mutex sync.Mutex
blocksDeliverer blocksprovider.BlocksDeliverer
conn *connection
endpoint string
}
// DeliverBlocks used to pull out blocks from the ordering service to
// distributed them across peers
func (b *blocksProviderImpl) DeliverBlocks() {
errorStatusCounter := 0
statusCounter := 0
defer b.client.Close()
for !b.isDone() {
// 接收orderer分发的区块
msg, err := b.client.Recv()
if err != nil {
logger.Warningf("[%s] Receive error: %s", b.chainID, err.Error())
return
}
switch t := msg.Type.(type) {
case *orderer.DeliverResponse_Status:
if t.Status == common.Status_SUCCESS {
logger.Warningf("[%s] ERROR! Received success for a seek that should never complete", b.chainID)
return
}
if t.Status == common.Status_BAD_REQUEST || t.Status == common.Status_FORBIDDEN {
logger.Errorf("[%s] Got error %v", b.chainID, t)
errorStatusCounter++
if errorStatusCounter > b.wrongStatusThreshold {
logger.Criticalf("[%s] Wrong statuses threshold passed, stopping block provider", b.chainID)
return
}
} else {
errorStatusCounter = 0
logger.Warningf("[%s] Got error %v", b.chainID, t)
}
maxDelay := float64(maxRetryDelay)
currDelay := float64(time.Duration(math.Pow(2, float64(statusCounter))) * 100 * time.Millisecond)
time.Sleep(time.Duration(math.Min(maxDelay, currDelay)))
if currDelay < maxDelay {
statusCounter++
}
if t.Status == common.Status_BAD_REQUEST {
b.client.Disconnect(false)
} else {
b.client.Disconnect(true)
}
continue
case *orderer.DeliverResponse_Block:
errorStatusCounter = 0
statusCounter = 0
blockNum := t.Block.Header.Number
marshaledBlock, err := proto.Marshal(t.Block)
if err != nil {
logger.Errorf("[%s] Error serializing block with sequence number %d, due to %s", b.chainID, blockNum, err)
continue
}
if err := b.mcs.VerifyBlock(gossipcommon.ChainID(b.chainID), blockNum, marshaledBlock); err != nil {
logger.Errorf("[%s] Error verifying block with sequnce number %d, due to %s", b.chainID, blockNum, err)
continue
}
numberOfPeers := len(b.gossip.PeersOfChannel(gossipcommon.ChainID(b.chainID)))
// Create payload with a block received
payload := createPayload(blockNum, marshaledBlock)
// Use payload to create gossip message
gossipMsg := createGossipMsg(b.chainID, payload)
logger.Debugf("[%s] Adding payload to local buffer, blockNum = [%d]", b.chainID, blockNum)
// Add payload to local state payloads buffer
if err := b.gossip.AddPayload(b.chainID, payload); err != nil {
logger.Warningf("Block [%d] received from ordering service wasn't added to payload buffer: %v", blockNum, err)
}
// Gossip messages with other nodes
logger.Debugf("[%s] Gossiping block [%d], peers number [%d]", b.chainID, blockNum, numberOfPeers)
if !b.isDone() {
// peer节点间通过gossip同步区块
b.gossip.Gossip(gossipMsg)
}
default:
logger.Warningf("[%s] Received unknown: %v", b.chainID, t)
return
}
}
}
DeliverBlocks()方法介绍，首先调用 b.client.Recv()接收orderer传过来的响应，
// Recv receives a message from the ordering service
func (bc *broadcastClient) Recv() (*orderer.DeliverResponse, error) {
o, err := bc.try(func() (interface{}, error) {
if bc.shouldStop() {
return nil, errors.New("closing")
}
return bc.tryReceive()
})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return o.(*orderer.DeliverResponse), nil
}
这里我们知道大致是peer从orderer这里拉区块的，但是还存在疑问，那就是peer如何触发orderer的deliver服务的？peer是如何调用requestBlock方法的？
- peer 调用deliver服务
从Recv()接口会调用try(),try()会调用bc.doAction(action, resetAttemptCounter)，然后调用bc.connect()，里面调用bc.createClient(conn).Deliver(ctx)，从而peer调用了orderer的deliver服务。 - peer 调用requestBlock方法
从上面可知，requestBlock赋值给broadcastSetup，而broadcastSetup在连接orderer后会立即调用。
// broadcastSetup is a function that is called by the broadcastClient immediately after each
// successful connection to the ordering service
1.3 组织间peer同步区块
peer间同步区块是通过gossip服务来同步的，并且通过上述代码可知，leader和orderer同步区块也是伴随着gossip服务启动（不过是属于leader的）。
// Gossip messages with other nodes
logger.Debugf("[%s] Gossiping block [%d], peers number [%d]", b.chainID, blockNum, numberOfPeers)
if !b.isDone() {
// peer节点间通过gossip同步区块
b.gossip.Gossip(gossipMsg)
}
1.4 peer是如何写区块
首先，其他peer是通过gossip服务同步区块，则保存区块应该是在gossip服务里面调用的，回到peer启动时gossip服务的设置
service.GetGossipService().InitializeChannel(bundle.ConfigtxValidator().ChainID(), ordererAddresses, service.Support{
Validator: validator,
Committer: c,
Store: store,
Cs: simpleCollectionStore,
IdDeserializeFactory: csStoreSupport,
})
里面会调用
g.chains[chainID] = state.NewGossipStateProvider(chainID, servicesAdapter, coordinator,
g.metrics.StateMetrics, getStateConfiguration())
里面会调用
// Listen for incoming communication
go s.listen()
// Deliver in order messages into the incoming channel
go s.deliverPayloads()
deliverPayloads()会将gossip.payload 区块给写入账本。
func (s *GossipStateProviderImpl) deliverPayloads() {
defer s.done.Done()
for {
select {
// Wait for notification that next seq has arrived
case <-s.payloads.Ready():
logger.Debugf("[%s] Ready to transfer payloads (blocks) to the ledger, next block number is = [%d]", s.chainID, s.payloads.Next())
// Collect all subsequent payloads
for payload := s.payloads.Pop(); payload != nil; payload = s.payloads.Pop() {
rawBlock := &common.Block{}
if err := pb.Unmarshal(payload.Data, rawBlock); err != nil {
logger.Errorf("Error getting block with seqNum = %d due to (%+v)...dropping block", payload.SeqNum, errors.WithStack(err))
continue
}
if rawBlock.Data == nil || rawBlock.Header == nil {
logger.Errorf("Block with claimed sequence %d has no header (%v) or data (%v)",
payload.SeqNum, rawBlock.Header, rawBlock.Data)
continue
}
logger.Debugf("[%s] Transferring block [%d] with %d transaction(s) to the ledger", s.chainID, payload.SeqNum, len(rawBlock.Data.Data))
// Read all private data into slice
var p util.PvtDataCollections
if payload.PrivateData != nil {
err := p.Unmarshal(payload.PrivateData)
if err != nil {
logger.Errorf("Wasn't able to unmarshal private data for block seqNum = %d due to (%+v)...dropping block", payload.SeqNum, errors.WithStack(err))
continue
}
}
// 此处会保存区块
if err := s.commitBlock(rawBlock, p); err != nil {
if executionErr, isExecutionErr := err.(*vsccErrors.VSCCExecutionFailureError); isExecutionErr {
logger.Errorf("Failed executing VSCC due to %v. Aborting chain processing", executionErr)
return
}
logger.Panicf("Cannot commit block to the ledger due to %+v", errors.WithStack(err))
}
}
case <-s.stopCh:
s.stopCh <- struct{}{}
logger.Debug("State provider has been stopped, finishing to push new blocks.")
return
}
}
}
总结
- peer启动时会启动gossip服务模块
- leader启动gossip服务时会从orderer源源不断的请求块
- peer之间通过gossip同步区块，当leader获取区块后会通过区块
- peer当gossip模块中会将gossip.payload区块信息写入账本
