Selenide使用笔记

Selenide = UI Testing Framework powered by Selenium WebDriver

地址：https://github.com/codeborne
UI自动化测试框架
介绍：
Selenide is a framework for writing easy-to-read and easy-to-maintain automated tests in Java. It defines concise fluent API, natural language assertions and does some magic for ajax-bases applications to let you focus entirely on the business logic of your tests.

使用：
maven或者下载jar

常用api，都是简单的英文，不翻译

1. Create a browser
Selenium WebDriver:

DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.htmlUnit();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability(HtmlUnitDriver.INVALIDSELECTIONERROR, true);
desiredCapabilities.setCapability(HtmlUnitDriver.INVALIDXPATHERROR, false);
desiredCapabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);
WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(desiredCapabilities);
Selenide:

open("/my-application/login");
// And run tests with option -Dbrowser=htmlunit (or "chrome" or "ie", default value is "firefox")
启动浏览器的方式变化：
如何启动chrome或者ie？
启动chrome
Configuration.browser = "chrome";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", Constants.GETCHROMEDRIVERPATH_STRING);
这里2选1，如果使用configuration的话，则需要在环境变量中提前配置好路径，ie如下
System.setProperty("selenide.browser", "Chrome");
启动IE
Configuration.browser ="ie";
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", Constants.GETIEIVERPATH_STRING);
System.setProperty("selenide.browser", "Ie");
因为我可能后续还会使用webdriver，所以这个对象还是需要的，使用driver = getWebDriver();混合使用
2. Shutdown a browser

Selenium WebDriver:

if (driver != null) {
driver.close();
}
Selenide:

// Do not care! Selenide closes the browser automatically.
With Selenide You don't need to operate with Selenium WebDriver directly. WebDriver will be automatically created/deleted during test start/finished.
不关心浏览器的关闭，自动关闭，还有一种情况就是当执行失败的时候，我们不希望关闭浏览器，可以在configuration中配置
3. Find element by id

Selenium WebDriver:

WebElement customer = driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer"));
Selenide:

WebElement customer = $("#customerContainer");
or a longer conservative option:

WebElement customer = $(By.id("customerContainer"));

这里的使用方法更简单，就跟我们在chrome 中console控制台调试一样，没有坑，但是补充一些没有提到到，
补充1：
如下：我们可能会使用xpath的定位方式处理的，这里更方便
WebElement customer = $(byText("Customer profile"));
WebElement temp = $(byValue("不使用")).click();
WebElement temp1 = $(byAttribute("data-name",“test name”)).click();

补充2：获取多个元素：
webdriver：

driver.findElements(By.tagName("li")).get(5);
selenide：

$("li", 5);
$$("#multirowTable tr").filterBy(text("Norris"))
上面第一行代码是所有标签为li的元素中的第5个
第二行代码是取特定的集合后再去搜寻text为期望值的元素。
注：
$开头的是取一个元素
$$开头的是取一个集合
selenide默认支持css selector，所以代码看上去简洁了很多。

4. Assert that element has a correct text

Selenium WebDriver:

assertEquals("Customer profile", driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer")).getText());
Selenide:

$("#customerContainer").shouldHave(text("Customer profile"));
elenide提供一系列should标签帮做断言工作，而且有一批text()的这种选择器来帮助我们断言各种类型。上面的例子就是断言控件是否有期望的text。selenide专门有一个condition包，里面有各种各样的condition，这些condition就是should标签的参数。上面的例子text就是一个condition。其他的还有id，value，attribute，readonly等等
5. Ajax support (waiting for some event to happen)

Selenium WebDriver (OMG!):

FluentWait<By> fluentWait = new FluentWait<By>(By.tagName("TEXTAREA"));
fluentWait.pollingEvery(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
fluentWait.withTimeout(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
fluentWait.until(new Predicate<By>() {
public boolean apply(By by) {
try {
return browser.findElement(by).isDisplayed();
} catch (NoSuchElementException ex) {
return false;
}
}
});
assertEquals("John", browser.findElement(By.tagName("TEXTAREA")).getAttribute("value"));
Selenide:

$("TEXTAREA").shouldHave(value("John"));
This command automatically waits until element gets visible AND gets expected value.
Default timeout is 4 seconds and it's configurable.
可以看到selenide还是一个should 的api搞定了。 它默认4s超时。4s内会循环check控件的value是否变成了期望值。同样的还有text，attribute等选择器。
6. Assert that element has a correct CSS class

Selenium WebDriver:

assertTrue(driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer")).getAttribute("class").indexOf("errorField") > -1);
Selenide:

$("#customerContainer").shouldHave(cssClass("errorField"));
如上说的，selenide默认支持css selector，
7. Find element by text

Selenium WebDriver:

No way (except XPath)

Selenide:

WebElement customer = $(byText("Customer profile"));
上面已经提到此处
8. Assert that element text matches a regular expression

Selenium WebDriver:

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer"));
assertTrue(Pattern.compile(".*profile.*", DOTALL).matcher(element.getText()).matches());
Selenide:

$("#customerContainer").should(matchText("profile"));
9. Assert that element does not exist

Selenium WebDriver:

try {
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer"));
fail("Element should not exist: " + element);
}
catch (WebDriverException itsOk) {}
Selenide:

$("#customerContainer").shouldNot(exist);
自带的断言，可以参考api
10. Looking for element inside parent element

Selenium WebDriver:

WebElement parent = driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer"));
WebElement element = parent.findElement(By.className("user_name"));
Selenide:

$("#customerContainer").find(".user_name");
类似Selenimu的层级定位
11. Looking for Nth element

Selenium WebDriver:

WebElement element = driver.findElements(By.tagName("li")).get(5);
Selenide:

$("li", 5);
上面已经提到
12. Click "Ok" in alert dialog

Selenium WebDriver:

try {
Alert alert = checkAlertMessage(expectedConfirmationText);
alert.accept();
} catch (UnsupportedOperationException alertIsNotSupportedInHtmlUnit) {
return;
}
Thread.sleep(200); // sometimes it will fail
Selenide:

confirm("Are you sure to delete your profile?");
or

dismiss("Are you sure to delete your profile?");
一些弹出框的操作，但是现在的前段框架很少用了，可了解
13. Debugging info for elements

Selenium WebDriver:

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("customerContainer"));
System.out.println("tag: " + element.getTag());
System.out.println("text: " + element.getText());
System.out.println("id: " + element.getAttribute("id"));
System.out.println("name: " + element.getAttribute("name"));
System.out.println("class: " + element.getAttribute("class"));
System.out.println("value: " + element.getAttribute("value"));
System.out.println("visible: " + element.isDisplayed());
// etc.
Selenide:

System.out.println($("#customerContainer"));
// output looks like this: "<option value=livemail.ru checked=true selected:true>@livemail.ru</option>"

打印一些元素信息，
14. Take a screenshot

Selenium WebDriver:

if (driver instanceof TakesScreenshot) {
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) webdriver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
File targetFile = new File("c: emp" + fileName + ".png");
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, targetFile);
}
Selenide:

takeScreenShot("my-test-case");
For JUnit users it's even more simpler:

public class MyTest {
@Rule // automatically takes screenshot of every failed test
public ScreenShooter makeScreenshotOnFailure = ScreenShooter.failedTests();
}

截图控件，默认的保存路径可以通过configuration配置或者同时保存源代码
15. Select a radio button

Selenium WebDriver:

for (WebElement radio : driver.findElements(By.name("sex"))) {
if ("woman".equals(radio.getAttribute("value"))) {
radio.click();
}
}
throw new NoSuchElementException("'sex' radio field has no value 'woman'");
Selenide:

selectRadio(By.name("sex"), "woman");
单选操作
16. Reload current page

Selenium WebDriver:

webdriver.navigate().to(webdriver.getCurrentUrl());
Selenide:

refresh();
17. Get the current page URL, title or source

Selenium WebDriver:

webdriver.getCurrentUrl();
webdriver.getTitle();
webdriver.getPageSource();
Selenide:

url();
title();
source();