android 三种定位方式

最近在看android关于定位的方式，查了很多资料，也做了相关实验，在手机上做了测试，下面总结：

一共有三种定位方式，一种是GPS，一种是通过网络的方式，一种则是在基于基站的方式，但是，不管哪种方式，都需要开启网络或者GPS

首先添加权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

在COARSE_LOCATION是用于基站定位的时候用的，没有这个权限，在获取getCellLocation的时候报错。

第一种方式通过JASON来实现，是通过基站方式的，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/dartagnan/archive/2011/3/9.html，下载只是实现定位的代码

/** 
  * Google定位的实现.<br/> 
  * Geolocation的详细信息请参见：<br/> 
  * <a 
  * href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html" mce_href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html"> 
  * http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html</a> 
  */  
public class LocationAct extends Activity {  
     private TextView txtInfo;  
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
         Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart);  
         txtInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtInfo);  
         btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {  
             public void onClick(View view) {  
                 getLocation();  
             }  
         });  
     }  
     private void getLocation() {  
         TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);  
         GsmCellLocation gsmCell = (GsmCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation();  
         int cid = gsmCell.getCid();  
         int lac = gsmCell.getLac();  
         String netOperator = tm.getNetworkOperator();  
         int mcc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(0, 3));  
         int mnc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(3, 5));  
         JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();  
         JSONArray array = new JSONArray();  
         JSONObject data = new JSONObject();  
         try {  
             holder.put("version", "1.1.0");  
             holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");  
             holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");  
             holder.put("request_address", true);  
             holder.put("radio_type", "gsm");  
             holder.put("carrier", "HTC");  
             data.put("cell_id", cid);  
             data.put("location_area_code", lac);  
             data.put("mobile_countyr_code", mcc);  
             data.put("mobile_network_code", mnc);  
             array.put(data);  
             holder.put("cell_towers", array);  
         } catch (JSONException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
         DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
         HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json");  
         StringEntity stringEntity = null;  
         try {  
             stringEntity = new StringEntity(holder.toString());  
         } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
         httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);  
         HttpResponse httpResponse = null;  
         try {  
             httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);  
         } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         } catch (IOException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
         HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
         InputStream is = null;  
         try {  
             is = httpEntity.getContent();  
         } catch (IllegalStateException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         } catch (IOException e) {  
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
         InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);  
         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(isr);  
         StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();  
         try {  
             String result = "";  
             while ((result = reader.readLine()) != null) {  
                 stringBuffer.append(result);  
             }  
         } catch (IOException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
         txtInfo.setText(stringBuffer.toString());  
     }  
}

第二种通过严格的GPS来定位，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/06/2168479.html，这里只引用代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
     private LocationManager locationManager;
     private GpsStatus gpsstatus;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        
        //获取到LocationManager对象
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
        
        //根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
        String currentProvider = locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName();
        
        //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
        Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
        //如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
        if(currentLocation == null){
            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
        }
        //增加GPS状态监听器
        locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener);
        
        //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
        //每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
        while(true){
            currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
            if(currentLocation != null){
                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
                Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
                break;
            }else{
                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
                Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
            }
        }
     }
     
     private GpsStatus.Listener gpsListener = new GpsStatus.Listener(){
         //GPS状态发生变化时触发
         @Override
         public void onGpsStatusChanged(int event) {
             //获取当前状态
             gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null);
             switch(event){
                 //第一次定位时的事件
                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX:
                     break;
                 //开始定位的事件
                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED:
                     break;
                 //发送GPS卫星状态事件
                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS:
                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                     Iterable<GpsSatellite> allSatellites = gpsstatus.getSatellites();   
                     Iterator<GpsSatellite> it=allSatellites.iterator(); 
                     int count = 0;
                     while(it.hasNext())   
                     {   
                         count++;
                     }
                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Satellite Count:" + count, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                     break;
                 //停止定位事件
                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED:
                     Log.d("Location", "GPS_EVENT_STOPPED");
                     break;
             }
         }
     };
     
     
     //创建位置监听器
     private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
         //位置发生改变时调用
         @Override
         public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
             Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
         }
 
         //provider失效时调用
         @Override
         public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
             Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
         }
 
         //provider启用时调用
         @Override
         public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
             Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
         }
 
         //状态改变时调用
         @Override
         public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
             Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
         }
     };
 }

第三种主要是通过网络的方式来定位，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/05/2167755.html，这里只写代码

package com.test;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.location.Address;
 import android.location.Criteria;
 import android.location.Geocoder;
 import android.location.Location;
 import android.location.LocationListener;
 import android.location.LocationManager;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.widget.Toast;
 
 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        
        //获取到LocationManager对象
        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
        //创建一个Criteria对象
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        //设置粗略精确度
        criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE);
        //设置是否需要返回海拔信息
        criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false);
        //设置是否需要返回方位信息
        criteria.setBearingRequired(false);
        //设置是否允许付费服务
        criteria.setCostAllowed(true);
        //设置电量消耗等级
        criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_HIGH);
        //设置是否需要返回速度信息
        criteria.setSpeedRequired(false);
 
        //根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
        String currentProvider = locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true);
        Log.d("Location", "currentProvider: " + currentProvider);
        //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
        Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
        //如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
        if(currentLocation == null){
            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
        }
        //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
        //每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
        while(true){
            currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
            if(currentLocation != null){
                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
                Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
                break;
            }else{
                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
                Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
            }
        }
        
        //解析地址并显示
        Geocoder geoCoder = new Geocoder(this);
        try {
            int latitude = (int) currentLocation.getLatitude();
            int longitude = (int) currentLocation.getLongitude();
            List<Address> list = geoCoder.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, 2);
            for(int i=0; i<list.size(); i++){
                Address address = list.get(i); 
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, address.getCountryName() + address.getAdminArea() + address.getFeatureName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        
     }
     
     //创建位置监听器
     private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
         //位置发生改变时调用
         @Override
         public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
             Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
             Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged Latitude" + location.getLatitude());
                  Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged location" + location.getLongitude());
         }
 
         //provider失效时调用
         @Override
         public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
             Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
         }
 
         //provider启用时调用
         @Override
         public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
             Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
         }
 
         //状态改变时调用
         @Override
         public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
             Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
         }
     };
 }