• Redis分布式锁实现原理


     

    一、使用

    1、pom.xml导入依赖

    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-integration-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    2、配置文件

    @Configuration
    public class RedissonConfig {
    
    	// 自定义在yml或properties文件中
    	@Value("${spring.redis.host}")
    	private String host;
    
    	@Value("${spring.redis.port}")
    	private String port;
    
    	@Value("${spring.redis.password}")
    	private String password;
    
    	@Bean
    	public RedissonClient getRedisson() {
    		Config config = new Config();
    		if (StringUtils.isBlank(password)) {
    			config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port);
    		} else {
    			config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port).setPassword(password);
    		}
    		return Redisson.create(config);
    	}
    
    }

    3、使用类

    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.integration.redis.util.RedisLockRegistry;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
    
    /**
     * @author Forlan
     * @since 2022-04-03
     */
    public class ForlanTest {
    
    	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ForlanTest.class);
    
    	@Autowired
    	private RedisLockRegistry redisLockRegistry;
    
    	public void test() {
    		String lockKey = "key_id";
    		Lock loginLock = redisLockRegistry.obtain(lockKey.intern());
    		boolean getLock = false;
    		try {
    			// tryLock()底层调用this.tryLock(0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
    			getLock = loginLock.tryLock(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    			if (getLock) {
    				//获得锁执行业务
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			logger.error("异常信息...", e);
    		} finally {
    			if (getLock) {
    				//释放锁
    				loginLock.unlock();
    			}
    		}
    	}
    }

    二、原理

    obtain方法

    private final Map<String, RedisLockRegistry.RedisLock> locks;
    
    private final class RedisLock implements Lock {
    	private final String lockKey;
    	private final ReentrantLock localLock;
    	private volatile long lockedAt;
    
    	private RedisLock(String path) {
    		this.localLock = new ReentrantLock();
    		this.lockKey = this.constructLockKey(path);
    	}
    }
    
    public Lock obtain(Object lockKey) {
        Assert.isInstanceOf(String.class, lockKey);
        String path = (String)lockKey;
        return (Lock)this.locks.computeIfAbsent(path, (x$0) -> {
            return new RedisLockRegistry.RedisLock(x$0);
        });
    }

    主要是根据lockKey去查locks这个map中是否已经存在这个key
    如果存在就返回内部类RedisLock
    如果不存在就创建一个RedisLock,以lockKey为key,RedisLock为value放入map中 

    备注:每个分布式应用自己都会创建一个RedisLockRegistry实例,同一个应用的多个线程共享RedisLock类

    tryLock方法

    public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
    	long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
    	// 尝试拿取本地锁
    	if (!this.localLock.tryLock(time, unit)) {
    		return false;
    	} else {
    		try {
    			long expire = now + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(time, unit);
    
    			boolean acquired;
    			// 当前时间还没过期并且还未获得redis锁,睡眠100ms继续重试
    			while(!(acquired = this.obtainLock()) && System.currentTimeMillis() < expire) {
    				Thread.sleep(100L);
    			}
    
    			if (!acquired) {
    				this.localLock.unlock();
    			}
    
    			return acquired;
    		} catch (Exception var9) {
    			this.localLock.unlock();
    			this.rethrowAsLockException(var9);
    			return false;
    		}
    	}
    }

    主要过程 

    先获得本地锁,拿不到直接返回失败
    当前时间还没过期并且还没拿到redis锁,睡眠100ms继续重试

    如果拿到redis锁,结束循环,返回成功

    如果超时了还没拿到,释放锁,返回失败

    拿redis锁的过程

    private boolean obtainLock() {
    	boolean success = (Boolean)RedisLockRegistry.this.redisTemplate.execute(RedisLockRegistry.this.obtainLockScript, Collections.singletonList(this.lockKey), new Object[]{RedisLockRegistry.this.clientId, String.valueOf(RedisLockRegistry.this.expireAfter)});
    	if (success) {
    		this.lockedAt = System.currentTimeMillis();
    	}
    
    	return success;
    }

    通过obtainLock方法,执行lua脚本来获取

    redisTemplate.execute()参数说明:

    第一个obtainLockScript参数就是要执行的lua脚本;

    local lockClientId = redis.call('GET', KEYS[1])
    if lockClientId == ARGV[1] then
      redis.call('PEXPIRE', KEYS[1], ARGV[2])
      return true
    elseif not lockClientId then
      redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1], 'PX', ARGV[2])
      return true
    end
    return false

    第二个参数就是表示在脚本中所用到的那些 Redis 键(key),这些键名参数可以在 Lua 中通过全局变量 KEYS 数组,用1为基址的形式访问( KEYS[1] , KEYS[2] ,以此类推);

    第三个参是附加参数 arg [arg …] ,可以在 Lua 中通过全局变量 ARGV 数组访问,访问的形式和 KEYS 变量类似( ARGV[1] 、 ARGV[2] ,诸如此类)

    为什么要用本地锁

    • 为了可重入
    • 为了减轻redis服务器的压力

    为什么要用lua脚本

    • 保证原子性
    • 减少网络开销
    • 替代redis的事务功能

    unlock方法

    public void unlock() {
        if (!this.localLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("You do not own lock at " + this.lockKey);
        } else if (this.localLock.getHoldCount() > 1) {
            this.localLock.unlock();
        } else {
            try {
                if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
                    RedisLockRegistry.this.executor.execute(this::removeLockKey);
                } else {
                    this.removeLockKey();
                }
                if (RedisLockRegistry.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    RedisLockRegistry.logger.debug("Released lock; " + this);
                }
            } catch (Exception var5) {
                ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(var5);
            } finally {
                this.localLock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }

    释放锁的过程
    1、判断是否是当前线程持有锁,如果不是,抛异常(本地锁)
    2、判断当前线程持有锁的计数
    如果当前线程持有锁的计数 > 1,说明本地锁被当前线程多次获取,这时只会释放本地锁,释放之后当前线程持有锁的计数-1。
    否则,释放本地锁和redis锁。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huozhonghun/p/16096637.html
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