#include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> #define N 100 using namespace std; int a[N][N]; double aa[N][N]; int n; /**********************************************************/ //求行列式的值:是所有取自不同行不同列的n个元素的乘积 int d[N]; int tmpd[N]; int dd[N]; int vis_column[N];//是否在同一列 int inverse;//逆序数的个数 int ans = 0; void merger(int ld, int rd){ if(ld >= rd) return; int mid=(ld+rd)>>1; merger(ld,mid); merger(mid+1, rd); int i=ld, j=mid+1, k=0; while(i<=mid && j<=rd){ int col1 = (tmpd[i]-1)%n+1; int col2 = (tmpd[j]-1)%n+1; if(col1 < col2){ dd[++k] = tmpd[i++]; } else { dd[++k] = tmpd[j++]; inverse += mid-i+1; } } while(i<=mid) dd[++k] = tmpd[i++]; while(j<=rd) dd[++k] = tmpd[j++]; memcpy(tmpd+ld, dd+1, sizeof(int)*(k)); } void determinantValue(int row){ if(row>n){ inverse=0; int tmp = 1; for(int k=1; k<=n; ++k){ int i = (d[k]-1)/n+1; int j = (d[k]-1)%n+1; tmp *= a[i][j]; } memcpy(tmpd, d, sizeof(int)*(n+1)); merger(1, n); if(inverse&1) ans-=tmp; else ans+=tmp; return; } for(int col=1; col<=n; ++col) if(!vis_column[col]){ vis_column[col]=1; d[row] = (row-1)*n + col; determinantValue(row+1); vis_column[col]=0; } } /**********************************************************/ /**********************************************************/ //以列主元方法,将行列式转变成上三角矩阵 double determinantValueA(){ int sign = 1; double ret = 0.0; for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i){ double maxVal = aa[i][i]; int j = i; for(int k=i+1; k<=n; ++k)//寻找这一列中的元素值的最大值 if(maxVal < aa[k][i]){ maxVal = aa[k][i]; j = k; } if(j!=i){ sign = -sign; for(int k=1; k<=n; ++k){//交换两行 double tmp = aa[i][k]; aa[i][k] = aa[j][k]; aa[j][k] = tmp; } } if(maxVal < 1e-10)//最大值为0,也就是意味这对角线上的元素有0出现 return ret; for(int k=i+1; k<=n; ++k){ double b = aa[k][i]/aa[i][i]; for(int c=1; c<=n; ++c) aa[k][c] -= b*aa[i][c]; } } ret = 1.0; for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) ret*=aa[i][i]; return ret; } /**********************************************************/ int main() { // cin>>n; // for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) // for(int j=1; j<=n; ++j) // cin>>a[i][j]; // determinantValue(1); // cout<<ans<<endl; cin>>n; for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) for(int j=1; j<=n; ++j) cin>>aa[i][j]; cout<<determinantValueA()<<endl; return 0; } /* 4 3 4 5 11 2 5 4 9 5 3 2 12 14 -11 21 29 4 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 3 4 */