学习总结 之 WebApi服务监控 log4net记录监控日志

在请求WebApi 的时候，我们更想知道在请求数据的时候，调用了哪个接口传了什么参数过来，调用这个Action花了多少时间，有没有人恶意请求。我们可以通过记录日志，对Action进行优化，可以通过日志追踪是哪个用户或ip恶意请求。

在项目中引用log4net.dll

定义一个WebApiMonitorLog ，监控日志对象

/// <summary>
    /// 监控日志对象
    /// </summary>
    public class WebApiMonitorLog
    {
        public string ControllerName { get; set; }
        public string ActionName { get; set; }

        public DateTime ExecuteStartTime { get; set; }
        public DateTime ExecuteEndTime { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 请求的Action 参数
        /// </summary>
        public Dictionary<string, object> ActionParams { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Http请求头
        /// </summary>
        public string HttpRequestHeaders { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 请求方式
        /// </summary>
        public string HttpMethod { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 请求的IP地址
        /// </summary>
        public string IP { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取监控指标日志
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mtype"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetLoginfo()
        {
            string Msg = @"
            Action执行时间监控：
            ControllerName：{0}Controller
            ActionName:{1}
            开始时间：{2}
            结束时间：{3}
            总 时 间：{4}秒
            Action参数：{5}
            Http请求头:{6}
            客户端IP：{7},
            HttpMethod:{8}
                    ";
            return string.Format(Msg,
                ControllerName,
                ActionName,
                ExecuteStartTime,
                ExecuteEndTime,
                (ExecuteEndTime - ExecuteStartTime).TotalSeconds,
                GetCollections(ActionParams),
                HttpRequestHeaders,
                IP,
                HttpMethod);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取Action 参数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Collections"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetCollections(Dictionary<string, object> Collections)
        {
            string Parameters = string.Empty;
            if (Collections == null || Collections.Count == 0)
            {
                return Parameters;
            }
            foreach (string key in Collections.Keys)
            {
                Parameters += string.Format("{0}={1}&", key, Collections[key]);
            }
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(Parameters) && Parameters.EndsWith("&"))
            {
                Parameters = Parameters.Substring(0, Parameters.Length - 1);
            }
            return Parameters;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取IP
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetIP()
        {
            string ip = string.Empty;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_VIA"]))
                ip = Convert.ToString(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"]);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip))
                ip = Convert.ToString(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]);
            return ip;
        }
    }

定义一个LoggerHelper，日志帮助类

public class LoggerHelper
    {
        private static readonly log4net.ILog loginfo = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("loginfo");
        private static readonly log4net.ILog logerror = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logerror");
        private static readonly log4net.ILog logmonitor = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logmonitor");

        public static void Error(string ErrorMsg, Exception ex = null)
        {
            if (ex != null)
            {
                logerror.Error(ErrorMsg, ex);
            }
            else
            {
                logerror.Error(ErrorMsg);
            }
        }

        public static void Info(string Msg)
        {
            loginfo.Info(Msg);
        }

        public static void Monitor(string Msg)
        {
            logmonitor.Info(Msg);
        }
    }

定义一个WebApiTrackerAttribute类，继承于ActionFilterAttribute

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public class WebApiTrackerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        private readonly string Key = "_thisWebApiOnActionMonitorLog_";
        public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) {
            base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext);
            WebApiMonitorLog MonLog = new WebApiMonitorLog();
            MonLog.ExecuteStartTime = DateTime.Now;
            //获取Action 参数
            MonLog.ActionParams = actionContext.ActionArguments;
            MonLog.HttpRequestHeaders = actionContext.Request.Headers.ToString();
            MonLog.HttpMethod = actionContext.Request.Method.Method;

            actionContext.Request.Properties[Key] = MonLog;
            var form = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Form;
            #region 如果参数是实体对象，获取序列化后的数据
            Stream stream = actionContext.Request.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync().Result;
            Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            stream.Position = 0;
            string responseData = "";
            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding)) {
                responseData = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString();
            }
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(responseData) && !MonLog.ActionParams.ContainsKey("__EntityParamsList__")) {
                MonLog.ActionParams["__EntityParamsList__"] = responseData;
            }
            #endregion
        }

        public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext) {
            WebApiMonitorLog MonLog = actionExecutedContext.Request.Properties[Key] as WebApiMonitorLog;
            MonLog.ExecuteEndTime = DateTime.Now;
            MonLog.ActionName = actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionDescriptor.ActionName;
            MonLog.ControllerName = actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName;
            LoggerHelper.Monitor(MonLog.GetLoginfo());
            if (actionExecutedContext.Exception != null) {
                string Msg = string.Format(@"
                请求【{0}Controller】的【{1}】产生异常：
                Action参数：{2}
               Http请求头:{3}
                客户端IP：{4},
                HttpMethod:{5}
                    ", MonLog.ControllerName, MonLog.ActionName, MonLog.GetCollections(MonLog.ActionParams), MonLog.HttpRequestHeaders, MonLog.GetIP(), MonLog.HttpMethod);
                LoggerHelper.Error(Msg, actionExecutedContext.Exception);
            }
        }
    }

新建一个log4net.config

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/>
  </configSections>
  <log4net>
    <!--错误日志-->
    <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <file value="log\LogError\"/>
      <appendToFile value="true"/>
      <rollingStyle value="Date"/>
      <datePattern value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'"/>
      <staticLogFileName value="false"/>
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100"/>
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <!--每条日志末尾的文字说明-->
        <!--输出格式-->
        <!--样例：2008-03-26 13:42:32,111 [10] INFO  Log4NetDemo.MainClass [(null)] - info-->
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n错误描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>
    <!--Info日志-->
    <appender name="InfoAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <param name="File" value="Log\LogInfo\" />
      <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" />
      <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" />
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" />
      <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" />
      <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" />
      <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n日志描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>

    <!--监控日志-->
    <appender name="MonitorAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <param name="File" value="Log\LogMonitor\" />
      <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" />
      <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" />
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" />
      <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" />
      <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" />
      <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n跟踪描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>
    <!--Error日志-->
    <logger name="logerror">
      <level value="ERROR" />
      <appender-ref ref="RollingLogFileAppender" />
    </logger>
    <!--Info日志-->
    <logger name="loginfo">
      <level value="INFO" />
      <appender-ref ref="InfoAppender" />
    </logger>
    <!--监控日志-->
    <logger name="logmonitor">
      <level value="Monitor" />
      <appender-ref ref="MonitorAppender" />
    </logger>
  </log4net>
</configuration>

然后引用监控，在Global.asax 里加上这段

GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new WebApiTrackerAttribute());
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

最后在需要监控的控制器上加上 WebApiTracker

每次在调用这个监控下的Action 时，都会有日志记录，像这样滴

在项目下有个log 文件夹

日志记录

参考于：http://www.cnblogs.com/lc-chenlong/p/4228639.html  log4net 记录MVC监控日志 

感谢感谢！！

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2017-11 代码及数据库文件已经上传至 https://github.com/huangenai/WebAPI