在请求WebApi 的时候，我们更想知道在请求数据的时候，调用了哪个接口传了什么参数过来，调用这个Action花了多少时间，有没有人恶意请求。我们可以通过记录日志，对Action进行优化，可以通过日志追踪是哪个用户或ip恶意请求。
在项目中引用log4net.dll
定义一个WebApiMonitorLog ，监控日志对象
/// <summary> /// 监控日志对象 /// </summary> public class WebApiMonitorLog { public string ControllerName { get; set; } public string ActionName { get; set; } public DateTime ExecuteStartTime { get; set; } public DateTime ExecuteEndTime { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求的Action 参数 /// </summary> public Dictionary<string, object> ActionParams { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Http请求头 /// </summary> public string HttpRequestHeaders { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求方式 /// </summary> public string HttpMethod { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求的IP地址 /// </summary> public string IP { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 获取监控指标日志 /// </summary> /// <param name="mtype"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string GetLoginfo() { string Msg = @" Action执行时间监控： ControllerName：{0}Controller ActionName:{1} 开始时间：{2} 结束时间：{3} 总 时 间：{4}秒 Action参数：{5} Http请求头:{6} 客户端IP：{7}, HttpMethod:{8} "; return string.Format(Msg, ControllerName, ActionName, ExecuteStartTime, ExecuteEndTime, (ExecuteEndTime - ExecuteStartTime).TotalSeconds, GetCollections(ActionParams), HttpRequestHeaders, IP, HttpMethod); } /// <summary> /// 获取Action 参数 /// </summary> /// <param name="Collections"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string GetCollections(Dictionary<string, object> Collections) { string Parameters = string.Empty; if (Collections == null || Collections.Count == 0) { return Parameters; } foreach (string key in Collections.Keys) { Parameters += string.Format("{0}={1}&", key, Collections[key]); } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(Parameters) && Parameters.EndsWith("&")) { Parameters = Parameters.Substring(0, Parameters.Length - 1); } return Parameters; } /// <summary> /// 获取IP /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public string GetIP() { string ip = string.Empty; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_VIA"])) ip = Convert.ToString(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"]); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip)) ip = Convert.ToString(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]); return ip; } }
定义一个LoggerHelper，日志帮助类
public class LoggerHelper { private static readonly log4net.ILog loginfo = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("loginfo"); private static readonly log4net.ILog logerror = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logerror"); private static readonly log4net.ILog logmonitor = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logmonitor"); public static void Error(string ErrorMsg, Exception ex = null) { if (ex != null) { logerror.Error(ErrorMsg, ex); } else { logerror.Error(ErrorMsg); } } public static void Info(string Msg) { loginfo.Info(Msg); } public static void Monitor(string Msg) { logmonitor.Info(Msg); } }
定义一个WebApiTrackerAttribute类，继承于ActionFilterAttribute
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)] public class WebApiTrackerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { private readonly string Key = "_thisWebApiOnActionMonitorLog_"; public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext); WebApiMonitorLog MonLog = new WebApiMonitorLog(); MonLog.ExecuteStartTime = DateTime.Now; //获取Action 参数 MonLog.ActionParams = actionContext.ActionArguments; MonLog.HttpRequestHeaders = actionContext.Request.Headers.ToString(); MonLog.HttpMethod = actionContext.Request.Method.Method; actionContext.Request.Properties[Key] = MonLog; var form = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Form; #region 如果参数是实体对象，获取序列化后的数据 Stream stream = actionContext.Request.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync().Result; Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8; stream.Position = 0; string responseData = ""; using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding)) { responseData = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString(); } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(responseData) && !MonLog.ActionParams.ContainsKey("__EntityParamsList__")) { MonLog.ActionParams["__EntityParamsList__"] = responseData; } #endregion } public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext) { WebApiMonitorLog MonLog = actionExecutedContext.Request.Properties[Key] as WebApiMonitorLog; MonLog.ExecuteEndTime = DateTime.Now; MonLog.ActionName = actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionDescriptor.ActionName; MonLog.ControllerName = actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName; LoggerHelper.Monitor(MonLog.GetLoginfo()); if (actionExecutedContext.Exception != null) { string Msg = string.Format(@" 请求【{0}Controller】的【{1}】产生异常： Action参数：{2} Http请求头:{3} 客户端IP：{4}, HttpMethod:{5} ", MonLog.ControllerName, MonLog.ActionName, MonLog.GetCollections(MonLog.ActionParams), MonLog.HttpRequestHeaders, MonLog.GetIP(), MonLog.HttpMethod); LoggerHelper.Error(Msg, actionExecutedContext.Exception); } } }
新建一个log4net.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/> </configSections> <log4net> <!--错误日志--> <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <file value="log\LogError\"/> <appendToFile value="true"/> <rollingStyle value="Date"/> <datePattern value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'"/> <staticLogFileName value="false"/> <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <!--每条日志末尾的文字说明--> <!--输出格式--> <!--样例：2008-03-26 13:42:32,111 [10] INFO Log4NetDemo.MainClass [(null)] - info--> <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别： %-5level %n错误描述：%message%newline %n"/> </layout> </appender> <!--Info日志--> <appender name="InfoAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <param name="File" value="Log\LogInfo\" /> <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" /> <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" /> <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" /> <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" /> <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" /> <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别： %-5level %n日志描述：%message%newline %n"/> </layout> </appender> <!--监控日志--> <appender name="MonitorAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <param name="File" value="Log\LogMonitor\" /> <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" /> <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" /> <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" /> <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" /> <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" /> <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别： %-5level %n跟踪描述：%message%newline %n"/> </layout> </appender> <!--Error日志--> <logger name="logerror"> <level value="ERROR" /> <appender-ref ref="RollingLogFileAppender" /> </logger> <!--Info日志--> <logger name="loginfo"> <level value="INFO" /> <appender-ref ref="InfoAppender" /> </logger> <!--监控日志--> <logger name="logmonitor"> <level value="Monitor" /> <appender-ref ref="MonitorAppender" /> </logger> </log4net> </configuration>
然后引用监控，在Global.asax 里加上这段
GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new WebApiTrackerAttribute()); AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
最后在需要监控的控制器上加上 WebApiTracker
每次在调用这个监控下的Action 时，都会有日志记录，像这样滴
在项目下有个log 文件夹
日志记录
参考于：http://www.cnblogs.com/lc-chenlong/p/4228639.html log4net 记录MVC监控日志
此随笔乃本人学习工作记录，如有疑问欢迎在下面评论，转载请标明出处。
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2017-11 代码及数据库文件已经上传至 https://github.com/huangenai/WebAPI