在这篇文章中。我们将介绍Ubuntu OS的Runtime Environment。在文章“App confinement: Security policy for click packages”中,我们看见它里面有介绍一个应用的runtime环境。这里,我们通过一个样例来显示一个应用的runtime环境究竟是如何的。
在这里我们能够參阅我曾经的文章“在Ubuntu上的C++及QML混合编程”,我们下载文章中的例程:
bzr branch lp:~liu-xiao-guo/debiantrial/readenv
在一个Terminal中打入上述的句子,就能够下载例程中的软件。
同一时候,我们对我们的主程序文件“ReadEnv.qml”做例如以下的改动:
import QtQuick 2.0 import Ubuntu.Components 0.1 import Ubuntu.Components.ListItems 0.1 as ListItem import ReadEnv 1.0 import "ui" /*! rief MainView with Tabs element. First Tab has a single Label and second Tab has a single ToolbarAction. */ MainView { id: root // objectName for functional testing purposes (autopilot-qt5) objectName: "mainView" // Note! applicationName needs to match the "name" field of the click manifest applicationName: "com.ubuntu.developer.liu-xiao-guo.ReadEnv" anchorToKeyboard: true /* This property enables the application to change orientation when the device is rotated. The default is false. */ //automaticOrientation: true units.gu(50) height: units.gu(75) property string app_pkgname ReadEnv { id: readEnv } Flickable { id: scrollWidget anchors.fill: parent contentHeight: contentItem.childrenRect.height boundsBehavior: (contentHeight > root.height) ?Flickable.DragAndOvershootBounds : Flickable.StopAtBounds /* Set the direction to workaround https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-31905 otherwise the UI might end up in a situation where scrolling doesn't work */ flickableDirection: Flickable.VerticalFlick Column { anchors.left: parent.left anchors.right: parent.right ListItem.Base { height: ubuntuLabel.height + runtime.height + units.gu(6) Column { anchors.left: parent.left anchors.right: parent.right anchors.centerIn: parent spacing: units.gu(2) Label { id: ubuntuLabel anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter text: "" fontSize: "x-large" } Label { id: runtime anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter text: "Runtime Environment" } } } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("UBUNTU_APPLICATION_ISOLATION") subText: readEnv.getenv("UBUNTU_APPLICATION_ISOLATION") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("APP_ID") subText: readEnv.getenv("APP_ID") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("XDG_CACHE_HOME") subText: readEnv.getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("XDG_CONFIG_HOME") subText: readEnv.getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("XDG_DATA_HOME") subText: readEnv.getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR") subText: readEnv.getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("TMPDIR") subText: readEnv.getenv("TMPDIR") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("PWD") subText: readEnv.getenv("PWD") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("APP_PKGNAME") subText: app_pkgname } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("PATH") subText: readEnv.getenv("PATH") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("LD_LIBRARY_PATH") subText: readEnv.getenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH") } ListItem.Subtitled { text: i18n.tr("QML2_IMPORT_PATH") subText: readEnv.getenv("QML2_IMPORT_PATH") } } } Component.onCompleted: { var APP_ID = readEnv.getenv("APP_ID"); console.log("APP_ID: " + APP_ID ); app_pkgname = APP_ID.split('_')[0] console.log("APP_PKGNAME: " + app_pkgname); } }
我们能够通过我们设计的ReadEnv库来读取该应用的环境变量。
执行我们的程序。显演示样例如以下:
在文章中,它提到例如以下的文件夹,该应具有读和写的权限:
- XDG_CACHE_HOME/<APP_PKGNAME>
- XDG_CONFIG_HOME/<APP_PKGNAME>
- XDG_DATA_HOME/<APP_PKGNAME>
- XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/<APP_PKGNAME>
- XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/confined/<APP_PKGNAME> (for TMPDIR)
- /home/phablet/.cache/com.ubuntu.developer.liu-xiao-guo.readenv
- /home/phablet/.config/com.ubuntu.developer.liu-xiao-guo.readenv
- /home/phablet/.local/share/com.ubuntu.developer.liu-xiao-guo.readenv
- /run/user/32011/confined/com.ubuntu.developer.liu-xiao-guo.readenv