• iOS--copy深浅拷贝and strong


    多谢作者(汉斯哈哈哈),出自:http://www.jianshu.com/p/e6a7cdcc705d

    深.浅拷贝

    • copy mutableCopy NSString
    NSString *string = @"汉斯哈哈哈";
    // 没有产生新对象
    NSString *copyString = [string copy];
    // 产生新对象
    NSMutableString *mutableCopyString = [string mutableCopy];
    
    NSLog(@"string = %p copyString = %p mutableCopyString = %p", string, copyString, mutableCopyString);
    • copy mutableCopy NSMutableString
    NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"汉斯哈哈哈"];
    
    // 产生新对象
    NSString *copyString = [string copy];
    // 产生新对象
    NSMutableString *mutableCopyString = [string mutableCopy];
    
    NSLog(@"string = %p copyString = %p mutableCopyString = %p", string, copyString, mutableCopyString);

    结论:

    注意:其他对象NSArray、NSMutableArray 、NSDictionary、NSMutableDictionary一样适用

    • copy NSObject
    HSPerson *p = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    p.age = 20;
    p.height = 170.0;
    
    HSPerson *copyP = [p copy]; // 这里崩溃

    崩溃:

    看崩溃信息HSPerson应该先实现:

    - (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone;

    测试:

    #import "HSPerson.h"
    
    @interface HSPerson()<NSCopying>
    
    @end
    
    @implementation HSPerson
    
    - (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone
    {
    
        return @"汉斯哈哈哈";
    }
    
    @end
    HSPerson *p = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    p.age = 20;
    p.height = 170.0;
    
    HSPerson *copyP = [p copy];
    NSLog(@"copyP: %@", copyP);

    可以看出copyWithZone重新分配新的内存空间,则:

    - (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone
    {
        HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson allocWithZone:zone] init];
        return person;
    
    // 有些人可能下面alloc,重新初始化空间,但这方法已给你分配了zone,自己就无需再次alloc内存空间了
    //    HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    }
    HSPerson *p = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    p.age = 20;
    p.height = 170.0;
    
    HSPerson *copyP = [p copy];
    NSLog(@"p = %p copyP = %p", p, copyP);
    
    NSLog(@"age = %d height = %f", copyP.age, copyP.height);

    虽然copy了份新的对象,然而age,height值并未copy,那么:

    - (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone
    {
        HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson allocWithZone:zone] init];
        person.age = self.age;
        person.height = self.height;
        // 这里self其实就要被copy的那个对象,很显然要自己赋值给新对象,所以这里可以控制copy的属性
        return person;
    }

    这时你会想,有NSMutableCopying?没错,是有这货:

    - (id)mutableCopyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone
    {
        HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson allocWithZone:zone] init];
        person.age = self.age;
        person.height = self.height;
    
        return person;
    }

    NSCopying、NSMutableCopying有啥区别?
    其实感觉没必要有NSMutableCopying,因为压根就没可变的HSPerson,但如果该对象有其他行为,可以借用NSMutableCopying实现,哈哈哈

    copy.strong

    说完深浅拷贝,理解copy.strong就轻松多了!

    • copy
    #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
    
    @interface HSPerson : NSObject
    
    @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
    
    @end
    NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"汉斯哈哈哈"];
    
    HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    person.name = string;
    
    // 不能改变person.name的值,因为其内部copy新的对象
    [string appendString:@" hans"];
    
     NSLog(@"name = %@", person.name);

    property copy 实际上就对name干了这个:

    - (void)setName:(NSString *)name
    {
        _name = [name copy];
    }

    假设name为NSMutableString,会发生什么事?

    @property (nonatomic, copy) NSMutableString *name;

    这样会挨骂哦,实际上内部还是:

    - (void)setName:(NSMutableString *)name
    {
        _name = [name copy];
    }

    copy出来的仍然是不可变字符!如果有人用NSMutableString的方法,就会崩溃:

    • strong
    @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
    NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"汉斯哈哈哈"];
    
    HSPerson *person = [[HSPerson alloc] init];
    person.name = string;
    
    // 可以改变person.name的值,因为其内部没有生成新的对象
    [string appendString:@" hans"];
    
    NSLog(@"name = %@", person.name);

    总结:用copy与strong取决于需求,如果不希望被外界更改用copy,反之用strong

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/howdoudo/p/4794438.html
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