六、传递、返回复杂类型的对象

上面的服务传递的是简单数据类型，返回的也是简单数据类型。下面我们用JavaBean 、List、Map、Array等返回值或参数完成WebService。

1、首先看看JavaBean模式的参数和返回值的WebService，JavaBean代码如下：

代码

package com.hoo.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * <b>function:</b>User Entity
 * @author hoojo
 * @createDate Dec 16, 2010 10:20:02 PM
 * @file User.java
 * @package com.hoo.entity
 * @project AxisWebService
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
 * @email hoojo_@126.com
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 677484458789332877L;
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private String address;
    //Constractor
    //getter、setter

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.id + "#" + this.name + "#" + this.email + "#" + this.address;
    }
}

没有上面特别就是一个普通的Java对象，里面提供一些属性及getter、setter方法和toString方法（在显示数据的时候有用），值得注意的是在远程调用的Java对象都需要实现Serializable接口，这样在网络中传递对象的时候就不会出现重复的JavaBean。用过或是了解EJB、RMI的朋友应该知道这点。序列化后的对象可以用io进行序列化写入到文件中，也可以反序列化解析到对象中的数据。

2、好，回正题。下面编写WebService的服务器端代码。

代码

package com.hoo.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.hoo.entity.User;

/**
 * <b>function:</b>axis WebService传递复杂类型数据
 * @author hoojo
 * @createDate Dec 16, 2010 10:21:06 PM
 * @file ManagerUser.java
 * @package com.hoo.service
 * @project AxisWebService
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
 * @email hoojo_@126.com
 * @version 1.0
 */
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class ManagerUser {
    
    public User getUserByName(String name) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
        user.setName(name);
        user.setAddress("china");
        user.setEmail(name + "@hoo.com");
        return user;
    }
    
    public void setUser(User user) {
        System.out.println(user);
    }
    
    public List<User> getUsers(int i) {
        List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
        for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
            user.setName("jack#" + j);
            user.setAddress("china");
            user.setEmail("jack" + j + "@hoo.com");
            users.add(user);
        }
        return users;
    }
    
    public void setUserMap(Map<String, User> maps) {
        System.out.println(maps);
    }
    
    public User[] getUserArray(int i) {
        User[] users = new User[i];
        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
            user.setName("jack#" + j);
            user.setAddress("china");
            user.setEmail("jack" + j + "@hoo.com");
            users[j] = user;
        }
        return users;
    }
    
    public void setUserArray(User[] users) {
        for (User u : users) {
            System.out.println(u);
        }
    }
    
    public Map<String, User> getUserMap() {
        Map<String, User> users = new HashMap<String, User>();
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
        user.setName("jack#");
        user.setAddress("china");
        user.setEmail("jack@hoo.com");
        users.put("A", user);
        
        user = new User();
        user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
        user.setName("tom");
        user.setAddress("china");
        user.setEmail("tom@hoo.com");
        users.put("B", user);
        return users;
    }
    
    public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
        for (User u : users) {
            System.out.println(u);
        }
    }
}

3、编写wsdd文本发布当前WebService，wsdd文件代码如下：

代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
    xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
    <service name="ManagerUser" provider="java:RPC">
        <parameter name="className" value="com.hoo.service.ManagerUser" />
        <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*" />
        <parameter name="scope" value="request" />
        <!-- 这里的urn:User和new QName("urn:User", "User")这里是对应的 -->
        <beanMapping qname="myNSD:User" xmlns:myNSD="urn:User" languageSpecificType="java:com.hoo.entity.User"/>
    </service>
</deployment>

和上面的wsdd文件不同的是，这里多了beanMapping的配置。Qname是xml中规范限定名称，由命名空间url、本地名称、前缀组成，本地名称是必需的且qname是不可变的。后面的myNSD（namespace）是必需的，是通过前面的qname指定的，myNSD后面的urn：User就和程序中的QName对应的第一个参数，第二个参数对应配置文件中的qname的myNSD冒号后面的值。languageSpecificType是javaBean的类路径。

4、发布WebService，还是允许命令行：

java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -lhttp://localhost:8080/AxisWebService/services/AdminService deployComplex.wsdd

发布后，在浏览器中请求：

http://localhost:8080/AxisWebService/servlet/AxisServlet

就可以看到发布的WebService和暴露的方法了。

5、客户端代码的编写，这次客户端和以前有些不一样。因为这里设置了参数和返回值都是复杂类型，而不是简单的类型了。代码如下：

代码

package com.hoo.client;

import java.rmi.RemoteException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
import org.apache.axis.encoding.XMLType;
import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory;
import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory;

import com.hoo.entity.User;

/**
 * <b>function:</b>axis WebService传递复杂对象，客户端
 * @author hoojo
 * @createDate Dec 16, 2010 10:32:57 PM
 * @file UserServiceClient.java
 * @package com.hoo.client
 * @project AxisWebService
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
 * @email hoojo_@126.com
 * @version 1.0
 */
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public class UserServiceClient {
    
    private static final String url = "http://localhost:8080/AxisWebService/services/ManagerUser";
    private static Service service = new Service(); 
    
    public static User getUser(String name) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, BeanSerializerFactory.class, BeanDeserializerFactory.class);
        call.setOperationName("getUserByName");
        /*
         * 这里客户端和服务器端共用一个User，在实际开发中
         * 客户端和服务器端在不同的机器上，所以User对象可能不一样
         * 需要我们根据WebService的wsdl分析对象的属性
         */
        call.addParameter("name", XMLType.XSD_STRING, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.setReturnClass(User.class);
        User user = (User) call.invoke(new Object[] { "jackson" });
        return user;
    }
    
    public static void setUser(User user) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("setUser");
        //设置参数类型
        call.addParameter("user", qn, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.invoke(new Object[] { user });
    }
    
    public static List<User> getUsers(int i) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("getUsers");
        call.addParameter("i", XMLType.XSD_INT, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.setReturnClass(List.class);
        List<User> users = (List<User>) call.invoke(new Object[] { i });
        return users;
    }
    
    public static void setUsers(List<User> users) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("setUsers");
        call.addParameter("users", XMLType.XSD_ANYTYPE, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.invoke(new Object[] { users });
    }
    
    public static void setUserMap(Map<String, User> maps) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("setUserMap");
        call.addParameter("maps", XMLType.XSD_ANYTYPE, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.invoke(new Object[] { maps });
    }
    
    public static Map<String, User> getUserMap() throws RemoteException, ServiceException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("getUserMap");
        //call.addParameter("null", XMLType.XSD_ANYTYPE, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.setReturnClass(Map.class);
        Map<String, User> maps = (Map<String, User>) call.invoke(new Object[]{});
        return maps;
    }
    
    public static User[] getUserArray(int i) throws ServiceException, RemoteException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("getUserArray");
        call.addParameter("i", XMLType.XSD_INT, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.setReturnClass(User[].class);
        User[] users = (User[]) call.invoke(new Object[] { i });
        return users;
    }
    
    public static void setUserArray(User[] users) throws RemoteException, ServiceException {
        Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
        call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
        //这里的QName的ns和wsdd文件中的对应
        QName qn = new QName("urn:User", "User");
        //这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置
        call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));
        call.setOperationName("setUserArray");
        call.addParameter("users", XMLType.XSD_ANYTYPE, ParameterMode.IN);
        call.invoke(new Object[] { users });
    }
    
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public static void main(String[] args) throws RemoteException, ServiceException {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(new Date().getSeconds());
        user.setName("tom");
        user.setAddress("china");
        user.setEmail("tom@hoo.com");
        System.out.println("============getUser=============");
        System.out.println(getUser("jack"));
        System.out.println("============setUser=============");
        setUser(user);//看服务器端控制台
        System.out.println("============getUsers List=============");
        List<User> users = getUsers(3);
        for (User u : users) {
            System.out.println(u);
        }
        System.out.println("============setUsers List=============");
        setUsers(users);
        System.out.println("============getUserMap=============");
        Map<String, User> map = getUserMap();
        System.out.println(map);
        System.out.println("============setUserMap=============");
        setUserMap(map);
        System.out.println("============getUserArray=============");
        User[] arr = getUserArray(3);
        System.out.println("============setUserArray=============");
        setUserArray(arr);
    }
}

需要说明的是，这里传递的User和服务器端的User是同一个对象，在实际开发中应该不是同一个对象的。如java调用.net的WebService，传递的对象应该不是同一个。需要我们自己根据wsdl文件中的描述创建JavaBean。注意的是对象一个要序列化。

new QName("urn:User", "User")这里的QName的urn:User和wsdd文件中的对应，参数User也是和wsdd文件中的qname="myNSD:User"对应的

这里是将对象序列化和反序列化的配置

call.registerTypeMapping(User.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(User.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(User.class, qn));

User是Mapping的对象，也就是更加wsdl中参数描述创建的Java对象

call.addParameter("i", XMLType.XSD_INT, ParameterMode.IN);设置参数信息，ParameterMode.IN代表传递的参数，XMLType.XSD_INT,代表参数的类型，前面的i是参数名称

call.setReturnClass(User[].class);设置返回值的类型

特别说明：

A、如果你调用的方法有返回值，一定要设置返回值的类型。call.setReturnClass

B、如果你调用的方法有参数，一定要设置参数的类型call.addParameter

C、记得添加wsdl4j.jar，序列化转换的时候需要用到，否则会出现找不到类型异常

运行后，效果如下：

客户端：

============getUser=============

41#jackson#jackson@hoo.com#china

============setUser=============

- No returnType was specified to the Call object! You must call setReturnType() if you have called addParameter().

============getUsers List=============

41#jack#0#jack0@hoo.com#china

41#jack#1#jack1@hoo.com#china

41#jack#2#jack2@hoo.com#china

41#jack#3#jack3@hoo.com#china

============setUsers List=============

- No returnType was specified to the Call object! You must call setReturnType() if you have called addParameter().

============getUserMap=============

{A=41#jack##jack@hoo.com#china, B=41#tom#tom@hoo.com#china}

============setUserMap=============

- No returnType was specified to the Call object! You must call setReturnType() if you have called addParameter().

============getUserArray=============

============setUserArray=============

- No returnType was specified to the Call object! You must call setReturnType() if you have called addParameter().

服务器端：

37#tom#tom@hoo.com#china

37#jack#0#jack0@hoo.com#china

37#jack#1#jack1@hoo.com#china

37#jack#2#jack2@hoo.com#china

37#jack#3#jack3@hoo.com#china

{A=37#jack##jack@hoo.com#china, B=37#tom#tom@hoo.com#china}

37#jack#0#jack0@hoo.com#china

37#jack#1#jack1@hoo.com#china

37#jack#2#jack2@hoo.com#china

Map、Array、List、JavaBean都可以顺利转换，不管是参数还是返回值。怎么样，很简单吧！

传递内部类

如果你传递的JavaBean带有内部类，那么你的内部类需要是静态化的，且一样要序列化。为Account对象添加一个属性Birthday，Birthday是一个内部类，

代码

package com.hoo.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * <b>function:</b>Account Entity
 * @author hoojo
 * @createDate Dec 16, 2010 10:18:20 PM
 * @file Account.java
 * @package com.hoo.entity
 * @project AxisWebService
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
 * @email hoojo_@126.com
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class Account {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private String address;
    private Birthday birthday;
    
    public Birthday getBrithday() {
        return birthday;
    }
    public void setBrithday(Birthday birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    
    //getter、setter
    
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.id + "#" + this.name + "#" + this.email + "#" + this.address + "#" + this.birthday.getBirthday();
    }
    
    /**
     * axis中传的的内部类一定要是静态的，且要序列化
     */
    public static class Birthday implements Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
        private String bitthday;

//        getter、setter
    }
}

同样我们需要在客户端调用的时候，注册类型序列化和反序列化。

QName qn = new QName("urn:Account", "entity.Account");

call.registerTypeMapping(Account.class, qn, new BeanSerializerFactory(Account.class, qn), new BeanDeserializerFactory(Account.class, qn));

QName qn2 = new QName("urn:Birthday", "Account.Birthday");

call.registerTypeMapping(Birthday.class, qn2, new BeanSerializerFactory(Birthday.class, qn2), new BeanDeserializerFactory(Birthday.class, qn2));

而在wsdd文件中和刚才几乎一样

<beanMapping qname="myNSD:Account.Birthday" xmlns:myNSD="urn:Birthday" languageSpecificType="java:com.hoo.entity.Account$Birthday"/>com.hoo. com.hoo.entity.Account$Birthday是内部类的表示方式

作者：hoojo
出处：
blog：http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。

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