1. 定义
用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词，分词，介词短语或整个句子，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念的词
2. 分类
- 时间副词
now, recently, then, today, tomorrow, tonight, yesterday
-地点副词
anywhere, away, behind, everywhere, here, inside, outside, there
-方式副词
calmly, politely, properly, proudly, suddenly
-程度副词
positively, fairly, nearly, only, quite(相当地）, rather, simply, totally, truly
-疑问副词
when, how, where, why
-连接副词
however, meanwhile, therefore, nevertheless
-关系副词
when, where, whey
-句子副词
absurdly, admittedly, fortunately, frankly
3. 功能
- 状语 (副词修饰动词做状语）
She sings quite well
He got up rather late
- 表语
Are you upstairs?
Anyone downstairs?
- 定语 （定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的）
The young girls here are all my students.
The birds there are from the south of China.
- 作宾语补足语
Put the clothes back into the closet after taking them off.
4. 用法
- 放在所修饰的动词后面或句末
She listens to the teacher attentively
She participates in class discussions actively
- 频率副词可以放在句首，表示强调
Generally, the Emperor goes to Meiniang every day.
Sometimes, I wish I were an angel.
- 副词修饰全句放在句首，一般是连接副词，关系副词，疑问副词，句子副词
Where are you going?
Unfortunately, we cannot offer you a precise answer.
- 动词前有多个副词修饰时，副词的顺序：频率副词, 被修饰的动词，程度副词， 方式副词，地点副词，时间副词
The dog usually eats quite little this year.
The milk tea shop at the corner is often visited by citizens in this area.
- 刚刚，刚才
just: 现在完成时
just now： 一般过去时
I have just finished my homework
I finished my homework just now.
- 相当
fairly: 褒义色彩
rather:贬义色彩
Your work is fairly excellent.
The food smells rather bad.
-几乎，差不多
nearly：用于very, pretty, not 之后
almost: 用于any, never, no, none 之前
Almost nobody agrees with the manager.
My work is almost done.
- 如此....以至于
so...that: 修饰形容词，副词
such...that: 修饰名词
The beauty is so gorgeous that every man succumbs to her
It is such a significant movie that every audience speaks highly of it.
- 以前
ago: 表示某一时刻，一般过去式
before: 表示过去某一段时间，用于完成时，单独使用时泛指以前
I started to learn English 10 years ago.
I have learned English before.
- 比较级
-- as + 原级 + as : 和...一样
She reads as fast as her sister.
-- 副词比较级 + than
Motion pictures tell stories more vividly than written articles.
-- the + 副词比较级， the + 副词比较级
The faster he runs, the better result he will get.
-- 动词 + 副词最高级
She learns math best in her class.