//namesp.h namespace pers{ const int LEN = 40; struct Person{ char fname[LEN]; char lname[LEN]; }; void getPerson(Person &); void showPerson(const Person &); } namespace debts{ using namespace pers; struct Debt{ Person name; double amount; }; void getDebt(Debt &); void showDebt(const Debt &); double sumDebts(const Debt ar[], int n); }
第二个文件:
//namesp.cpp #include <iostream> #include "namesp.h" namespace pers{ using std::cout; using std::cin; void getPerson(Person &rp){ cout<<"Enter first name: "; cin>>rp.fname; cout<<"Enter last name: "; cin>>rp.lname; } void showPerson(const Person &rp){ cout<<rp.lname<<", "<< rp.fname; } } namespace debts{ using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; void getDebt(Debt & rd){ getPerson(rd.name); cout<< "Enter debt: "; cin>>rd.amount; } void showDebt(const Debt &rd){ showPerson(rd.name); cout<<": $"<<rd.amount<<endl; } double sumDebts(const Debt ar[], int n){ double total = 0; for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ total += ar[i].amount; } return total; } }
第三个文件:
//namessp.cpp #include <iostream> #include "namesp.h" void other (void); void another(void); int main(void) { using debts::Debt; using debts::showDebt; Debt golf = { {"Benny","Goatsniff"},120.0}; showDebt(golf); other(); another(); return 0; } void other(void) { using std::cout; using std::endl; using namespace debts; Person dg = {"Doodle", "Glister"}; showPerson(dg); cout<<endl; Debt zippy[3]; int i; for(i = 0; i < 3; i++){ getDebt(zippy[i]); } for(i = 0; i < 3; i++){ showDebt(zippy[i]); } cout<<"Total debt: $" <<sumDebts(zippy,3)<<endl; return; } void another(void){ using pers::Person; Person collector = {"Milo", "Rightshift"}; pers::showPerson(collector); std::cout<<std::endl; }
C++鼓励程序员在开发程序时使用多个文件.一种有效的组织策略是,使用头文件来定义用户类型,为操纵用户类型 的函数 提供函数原型;并将函数 定义放在一个独立的源代码当中.头文件和源代码文件一起定义和实现了用户定义的类型 及其使用方式.最后,将main()和其他这些函数的函数放在第三个文件中.