SQLAchemy

from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Index,CHAR,VARCHAR
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
from sqlalchemy import create_engine

Base = declarative_base()


# 创建单表
class UserType(Base):
__tablename__ = 'usertype'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
title = Column(VARCHAR(32), nullable=True, index=True)


class Users(Base):
__tablename__ = 'users'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
name = Column(VARCHAR(32), nullable=True, index=True)
email = Column(VARCHAR(16), unique=True)
user_type_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey("usertype.id"))

# __table_args__ = (
# UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name'),
# Index('ix_n_ex','name', 'email',),
# )


def create_db():
engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@127.0.0.1:3306/s4day62db?charset=utf8", max_overflow=5)
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)

def drop_db():
engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@127.0.0.1:3306/s4day62db?charset=utf8", max_overflow=5)
Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)

engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@127.0.0.1:3306/s4day62db?charset=utf8", max_overflow=5)
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()


session.commit()
session.close()

>增

obj = Users(name="alex0", extra='sb')
session.add(obj)
session.add_all([
    Users(name="alex1", extra='sb'),
    Users(name="alex2", extra='sb'),
])
session.commit()

>删

session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).delete()
session.commit()

>改

session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).update({"name" : "099"})
session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).update({Users.name: Users.name + "099"}, synchronize_session=False)
session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 2).update({"num": Users.num + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate")
session.commit()

>查

ret = session.query(Users).all()
ret = session.query(Users.name, Users.extra).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alex').all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alex').first()

ret = session.query(Users).filter(text("id<:value and name=:name")).params(value=224, name='fred').order_by(User.id).all()

ret = session.query(Users).from_statement(text("SELECT * FROM users where name=:name")).params(name='ed').all()

>其他

#　条件
ret = session.query(Users).filter_by(name='alex').all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id > 1, Users.name == 'eric').all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.between(1, 3), Users.name == 'eric').all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_([1,3,4])).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(~Users.id.in_([1,3,4])).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.id.in_(session.query(Users.id).filter_by(name='eric'))).all()
from sqlalchemy import and_, or_
ret = session.query(Users).filter(and_(Users.id > 3, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(or_(Users.id < 2, Users.name == 'eric')).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(
    or_(
        Users.id < 2,
        and_(Users.name == 'eric', Users.id > 3),
        Users.extra != ""
    )).all()


# 通配符
ret = session.query(Users).filter(Users.name.like('e%')).all()
ret = session.query(Users).filter(~Users.name.like('e%')).all()

# 限制
ret = session.query(Users)[1:2]

# 排序
ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.name.desc()).all()
ret = session.query(Users).order_by(Users.name.desc(), Users.id.asc()).all()

# 分组
from sqlalchemy.sql import func

ret = session.query(Users).group_by(Users.extra).all()
ret = session.query(
    func.max(Users.id),
    func.sum(Users.id),
    func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).all()

ret = session.query(
    func.max(Users.id),
    func.sum(Users.id),
    func.min(Users.id)).group_by(Users.name).having(func.min(Users.id) >2).all()

# 连表

ret = session.query(Users, Favor).filter(Users.id == Favor.nid).all()

ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor).all()

ret = session.query(Person).join(Favor, isouter=True).all()


# 组合
q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
ret = q1.union(q2).all()

q1 = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.id > 2)
q2 = session.query(Favor.caption).filter(Favor.nid < 2)
ret = q1.union_all(q2).all()