由于在实际应用中,需要对大量的对象属性进行复制,原来的方法是通过反射实现,在量大了以后,反射的性能问题就凸显出来了,必须用Emit来实现。
搜了一圈代码,没发现适合的,要么只能在相同类型对象间复制,要么不支持Nullable<T>类型的属性。没办法,自己干吧,一边查资料一边堆IL,终于测试通过。
本类支持在不同类型的对象之间复制属性值,也支持同名但不同类型的属性之间复制,比如从 string 类型复制到 int 类型,从 int 类型复制到 int? 类型。
测试代码如下:
先定义2个不同类型的实体类,他们有同名却不同类型的属性。
public class Obj1 { public string aa { get; set; } public string bb { get; set; } public DateTime? cc { get; set; } public bool? dd { get; set; } public int? ee { get; set; } } public class Obj2 { public string aa { get; set; } public int? bb { get; set; } public DateTime cc { get; set; } public bool? dd { get; set; } public int ee { get; set; } }
测试代码:
Obj1 o1 = new Obj1(); o1.aa = "fdsfds"; o1.bb = "1"; o1.cc = DateTime.Now; o1.dd = true; o1.ee = 3; Obj2 o2 = new Obj2(); o2.aa = "aaa"; o2.dd = true; Obj2 o3 = ObjectCopier.Copy<Obj1, Obj2>(o1, o2);
运行之后,Obj1的属性被完整的复制到Obj2
最后,贴上复制类的源码:
/* * 版权及免责申明: * 本程序代码由“程序员海风”开发,并以“BSD协议”对外发布,你无需为使用本程序代码而向作者付费,但请勿删除本段版权说明。 * 本程序代码以现状提供,作者不对因使用本程序代码而造成的任何结果负责。 * * 作者的BLOG:http://www.cnblogs.com/hhh/ * 作者的PRESS.one:https://press.one/main/p/5475a03ae8011091fc2b98de6d3b181eb9f447df */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Reflection; using System.Reflection.Emit; using System.Collections; namespace Haifeng { /// <summary> /// 对象复制器 /// </summary> public class ObjectCopier { //把T1转换为T2 public delegate T2 ConvertObject<T1, T2>(T1 obj1, T2 obj2); //动态方法缓存 private static Hashtable caches = new Hashtable(); /// <summary> /// 复制对象的属性值到另一个对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="sourceObj">原对象</param> /// <param name="targetObj">目标对象</param> public static T2 Copy<T1, T2>(T1 sourceObj, T2 targetObj) { StringCollection sc = new StringCollection(); return Copy<T1, T2>(sourceObj, targetObj, sc); } /// <summary> /// 复制对象的属性值到另一个对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="sourceObj">原对象</param> /// <param name="targetObj">目标对象</param> /// <param name="ignoreProperties">忽略的属性</param> public static T2 Copy<T1, T2>(T1 sourceObj, T2 targetObj, StringCollection ignoreProperties) { if (sourceObj == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("sourceObj"); } if (targetObj == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("targetObj"); } ConvertObject<T1, T2> load = GetObjectMethod<T1, T2>(ignoreProperties); return load(sourceObj, targetObj); } /// <summary> /// 获取复制T1的属性值到T2的动态方法 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T1">原对象</typeparam> /// <typeparam name="T2">目标对象</typeparam> /// <param name="ignoreProperties">要跳过的属性名</param> /// <returns></returns> private static ConvertObject<T1, T2> GetObjectMethod<T1, T2>(StringCollection ignoreProperties) { string key = "Convert" + typeof(T1).Name + "To" + typeof(T2).Name; foreach (string str in ignoreProperties) key += str; ConvertObject<T1, T2> load = null; if (caches[key] == null) { load = (ConvertObject<T1, T2>)BuildMethod<T1, T2>(ignoreProperties).CreateDelegate(typeof(ConvertObject<T1, T2>)); caches.Add(key, load); } else { load = caches[key] as ConvertObject<T1, T2>; } return load; } private static DynamicMethod BuildMethod<T1, T2>(StringCollection ignoreProperties) { Type sourceType = typeof(T1); Type targetType = typeof(T2); string methodName = "Convert" + sourceType.Name + "To" + targetType.Name; foreach (string str in ignoreProperties) methodName += str; DynamicMethod method = new DynamicMethod(methodName, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Static, CallingConventions.Standard, targetType, new Type[] { sourceType, targetType }, typeof(ObjectCopier).Module, true); ILGenerator generator = method.GetILGenerator(); //遍历目标对象的属性 foreach (PropertyInfo targetProperty in targetType.GetProperties()) { //自定义跳过的属性 if (ignoreProperties.Contains(targetProperty.Name)) continue; //原对象没有相应的属性,跳过 PropertyInfo srcProperty = sourceType.GetProperty(targetProperty.Name); if (srcProperty == null) continue; //获取原对象属性的get方法,如果不存在也跳过 MethodInfo getMethod = sourceType.GetMethod("get_" + srcProperty.Name); if (getMethod == null) continue; Type sourcePropertyType = srcProperty.PropertyType; //原对象的属性类型 Type targetPropertyType = targetProperty.PropertyType; //目标对象的属性类型 var label1 = generator.DefineLabel(); //用于继续执行的label var labelEnd = generator.DefineLabel(); //跳过执行的label generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); // 参数1压栈,参数1是目标对象 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // 参数0压栈,参数0是原对象 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod); // 在原对象上调用 'get_属性名' 方法,取出属性值 if (sourcePropertyType.IsValueType) { //如果是Nullable<T>类型,要判断是否为空,为空要跳过 if (sourcePropertyType.IsGenericType && sourcePropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) { var temp_value = generator.DeclareLocal(sourcePropertyType); //申明一个变量,类型是Nullable<T> var hasValue_Method = sourcePropertyType.GetMethod("get_HasValue", Type.EmptyTypes); //判断是否为空的方法 var hasValueBool = generator.DeclareLocal(typeof(bool)); //什么一个变量,bool类型 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, temp_value); //弹出堆栈的值到变量,类型是Nullable<T> generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloca, temp_value); //把变量地址压栈 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, hasValue_Method); //调用判断是否为空的方法 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, hasValueBool); //弹出堆栈到变量,类型是bool generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, hasValueBool); //入栈,类型是bool generator.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, label1); //跳转到继续执行 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Pop); //弹出堆栈,弹出的是 OpCodes.Ldarg_1 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Br_S, labelEnd); //跳转到结束标签 generator.MarkLabel(label1); //设定标签,继续执行的label generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, temp_value); //压入变量 tempValue,此时堆栈顺序为 OpCodes.Ldarg_1 >> value_temp } generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, sourcePropertyType); //值类型要装箱,不然会被编译器优化掉,此时堆栈为 OpCodes.Ldarg_1 >> object(value) } //此时堆栈顶端为 取出的属性值 //如果类型不一致,需要类型转换 if (sourcePropertyType != targetPropertyType) { //支持Nullable<T>类型的属性的复制 Type sourcePropertyUnderType = sourcePropertyType; //Nullable<T> 的T的类型 Type targetPropertyUnderType = targetPropertyType; //Nullable<T> 的T的类型 if (sourcePropertyType.IsGenericType && sourcePropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) sourcePropertyUnderType = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(sourcePropertyType); if (targetPropertyType.IsGenericType && targetPropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) targetPropertyUnderType = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(targetPropertyType); //如果原始类型是Nullable<T>,先取出原始值 if (sourcePropertyType.IsGenericType && sourcePropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) { var temp_value = generator.DeclareLocal(sourcePropertyType); //申明一个变量,类型是Nullable<T> var temp_under_value = generator.DeclareLocal(sourcePropertyUnderType); //申明一个变量,类型是T var temp_method = sourcePropertyType.GetMethod("get_Value", new Type[] { }); //Nullable<T>获取原始值的方法 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, sourcePropertyType); //拆箱,因为Nullable<T>肯定是值类型的,所以前面肯定有装箱操作 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, temp_value); //弹出堆栈的值到变量 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloca, temp_value); //把变量地址压栈 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, temp_method); //在变量地址上调用方法,获取Nullable<T>的原始值 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, temp_under_value); //出栈,保存到变量 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, temp_under_value); //变量入栈 if (sourcePropertyUnderType.IsValueType) //原始值是值类型,要进行装箱操作,不然会被编译器优化掉 { generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, sourcePropertyUnderType); //这条100%会执行,因为Nullable<T>的T肯定是值类型 } } //此时堆栈顶端为取出的属性值; //如果属性是Nullable<T>类型,那么此时堆栈顶端为Nullable<T>的原始值T //下面进行属性值的类型转换 MethodInfo convert_method = GetConverterMethod(targetPropertyUnderType); //获取类型转换的方法 if (convert_method != null) { generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, convert_method); //调用类型转换的方法 if (targetPropertyUnderType.IsValueType) //如果目标类型是值类型 { generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, targetPropertyUnderType); //装箱,不然会被编译器扔掉 } } //此时堆栈顶端为属性值,已经转换成目标属性类型 //如果目标属性类型是 Nullable<T>,此时堆栈顶端的值是类型T //如果目标类型是 Nullable<T>,需要转换成Nullable<T> if (targetPropertyType.IsGenericType && targetPropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) { var ctor = targetPropertyType.GetConstructor(new Type[] { targetPropertyUnderType }); //取得Nullable<T>的构造函数方法,参数类型是T generator.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, targetPropertyUnderType); //拆箱 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, ctor); //调用构造函数方法,得到 Nullable<T> generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, targetPropertyType); //装箱,类型是 目标属性类型 } } //此时堆栈顶端应为转换成目标属性类型的,属性值 var target_value = generator.DeclareLocal(targetPropertyType); //定义一个变量,类型为目标属性类型 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, targetPropertyType); //拆箱 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, target_value); //出栈,堆栈顶端的值保存到变量 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, target_value); //入栈,变量压入堆栈 MethodInfo setMethod = targetProperty.GetSetMethod(); //目标对象属性的Set方法 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, setMethod); //调用Set方法,变量到目标对象属性 generator.MarkLabel(labelEnd); //前面检查原属性值Nullable<T>是null,跳转到这里,相当于continue语句 } generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); //参数1压栈,参数1是目标对象 generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); //方法返回 return method; } private static MethodInfo GetConverterMethod(Type type) { switch (type.Name.ToUpper()) { case "INT16": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt16"); case "INT32": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt32"); case "INT64": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt64"); case "SINGLE": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToSingle"); case "BOOLEAN": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToBoolean"); case "STRING": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToString"); case "DATETIME": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDateTime"); case "DECIMAL": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDecimal"); case "DOUBLE": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDouble"); case "GUID": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToGuid"); case "BYTE[]": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToBytes"); case "BYTE": return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToByte"); case "NULLABLE`1": { if (type == typeof(DateTime?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDateTimeNull"); } else if (type == typeof(Int32?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt32Null"); } else if (type == typeof(Boolean?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToBooleanNull"); } else if (type == typeof(Int16?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt16Null"); } else if (type == typeof(Int64?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToInt64Null"); } else if (type == typeof(Single?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToSingleNull"); } else if (type == typeof(Decimal?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDecimalNull"); } else if (type == typeof(Double?)) { return CreateConverterMethodInfo("ToDoubleNull"); } break; } } return null; } private static MethodInfo CreateConverterMethodInfo(string method) { return typeof(MyConverter).GetMethod(method, new Type[] { typeof(object) }); } } public static class MyConverter { public static Int16 ToInt16(object value) { return ChangeType<Int16>(value); } public static Int32 ToInt32(object value) { return ChangeType<Int32>(value); } public static Int64 ToInt64(object value) { return ChangeType<Int64>(value); } public static Single ToSingle(object value) { return ChangeType<Single>(value); } public static Boolean ToBoolean(object value) { return ChangeType<Boolean>(value); } public static System.String ToString(object value) { return ChangeType<System.String>(value); } public static DateTime ToDateTime(object value) { return ChangeType<DateTime>(value); } public static Decimal ToDecimal(object value) { return ChangeType<Decimal>(value); } public static Double ToDouble(object value) { return ChangeType<Double>(value); } public static Guid ToGuid(object value) { return ChangeType<Guid>(value); } public static Byte ToByte(object value) { return ChangeType<Byte>(value); } public static Byte[] ToBytes(object value) { return ChangeType<Byte[]>(value); } public static DateTime? ToDateTimeNull(object value) { return ChangeType<DateTime?>(value); } public static System.Int32? ToInt32Null(object value) { return ChangeType<Int32?>(value); } public static Boolean? ToBooleanNull(object value) { return ChangeType<Boolean?>(value); } public static Int16? ToInt16Null(object value) { return ChangeType<Int16?>(value); } public static Int64? ToInt64Null(object value) { return ChangeType<Int64?>(value); } public static Single? ToSingleNull(object value) { return ChangeType<Single?>(value); } public static Decimal? ToDecimalNull(object value) { return ChangeType<Decimal?>(value); } public static Double? ToDoubleNull(object value) { return ChangeType<Double?>(value); } private static T ChangeType<T>(object value) { if (value == null) { return default(T); } var sourceType = value.GetType(); var targetType = typeof(T); if (sourceType == targetType) { return (T)value; } if (targetType.IsGenericType && targetType.GetGenericTypeDefinition().Equals(typeof(Nullable<>))) { targetType = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(targetType); } T ret = default(T); try{ ret = (T)Convert.ChangeType(value, targetType); } catch { } return ret; } } }
2018-8-10更新,解决无法复制值类型属性,以及复制Nullable<T>类型属性=null时出错的问题。
完。