• Java并发(十三):并发工具类——同步屏障CyclicBarrier


    先做总结

    1、CyclicBarrier 是什么?

    CyclicBarrier 的字面意思是可循环使用(Cyclic)的屏障(Barrier)。它要做的事情是,让一组线程到达一个屏障(也可以叫同步点)时被阻塞,直到要求的线程到达都屏障时,屏障才会开门,所有被屏障拦截的线程才会继续干活。

    2、CyclicBarrier 实现原理:

      private static class Generation { // 内部类,当有parties个线程到达barrier,就会更新换代
        boolean broken = false; // 是否损坏
      }
      private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); // 重入锁
      private final Condition trip = lock.newCondition();提供一个条件等待队列
      private final int parties; // 等待线程总数量
      private final Runnable barrierCommand; // 达到等待线程数量后执行的线程
      private Generation generation = new Generation(); // 当有parties个线程到达barrier,就会更新换代
      private int count; // 记录当前线程数量

    (1)构造CyclicBarrier 时设置等待线程总数量parties 和 达到等待线程数量后执行的线程barrierCommand;

    (2)线程中调用CyclicBarrier 的await() 方法时,将线程park() 并放入trip 的条件队列中,记录当前阻塞线程数 count;

    (3)线程中调用CyclicBarrier 的await() 方法时,发现当前阻塞线程数 count达到了 构造时设置的总线程数,做如下操作:

        ① trip.signalAll()唤醒所有线程

        ② 重置count(从而实现同一个CyclicBarrier 对象可以循环使用)

        ③ 执行barrierCommand线程

    一、应用举例

    public class CyclicBarrierTest {
        private static CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
    
        static class CyclicBarrierThread extends Thread {
            public void run() {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "到了");
                try {
                    cyclicBarrier.await();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    System.out.println("人到齐了,开会吧....");
                }
            });
    
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                new CyclicBarrierThread().start();
            }
        }
    }

    二、类结构

    public class CyclicBarrier {
        private static class Generation { // 内部类,当有parties个线程到达barrier,就会更新换代
            boolean broken = false; // 是否损坏
        }
        private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); // 重入锁
        private final Condition trip = lock.newCondition();
        private final int parties; // 等待线程总数量
        private final Runnable barrierCommand; // 达到等待线程数量后执行的线程
        private Generation generation = new Generation(); // 当有parties个线程到达barrier,就会更新换代
        private int count; // 记录当前线程数量 
        
        public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction) {
            if (parties <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            this.parties = parties;
            this.count = parties;
            this.barrierCommand = barrierAction;
        }
    
        public CyclicBarrier(int parties) {
            this(parties, null);
        }
    }

    三、原理解析

        public int await() throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
            try {
                return dowait(false, 0L);
            } catch (TimeoutException toe) {
                throw new Error(toe); // cannot happen
            }
        }
        
        private int dowait(boolean timed, long nanos) throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException, TimeoutException {
            final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
            lock.lock();
            try {
                final Generation g = generation;
                if (g.broken)
                    throw new BrokenBarrierException();
    
                if (Thread.interrupted()) {
                    breakBarrier(); // 代失效,唤醒所有线程
                    throw new InterruptedException();
                }
    
                int index = --count; // 计数
                if (index == 0) { // 达到要求数量
                    boolean ranAction = false;
                    try {
                        final Runnable command = barrierCommand;
                        if (command != null)
                            command.run(); // 达到等待线程数量后执行barrierCommand
                        ranAction = true;
                        nextGeneration(); // 唤醒本代所有线程,生成新一代,重置count
                        return 0;
                    } finally {
                        if (!ranAction)
                            breakBarrier();
                    }
                }
    
                // 线程数量未达到要求数量,将线程挂起等待
                for (;;) {
                    try {
                        if (!timed)
                            trip.await(); // 将线程加入condition队列挂起
                        else if (nanos > 0L)
                            nanos = trip.awaitNanos(nanos);
                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                        if (g == generation && !g.broken) {
                            breakBarrier();
                            throw ie;
                        } else {
                            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                        }
                    }
    
                    // 特殊情况处理
                    if (g.broken)
                        throw new BrokenBarrierException();
                    if (g != generation)
                        return index;
                    if (timed && nanos <= 0L) {
                        breakBarrier();
                        throw new TimeoutException();
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
        
        // 代失效,唤醒所有线程
        private void breakBarrier() {
            generation.broken = true;
            count = parties;
            trip.signalAll();
        }
    
        // 唤醒本代所有线程,生成新一代,重置count
        private void nextGeneration() {
            trip.signalAll();
            count = parties;
            generation = new Generation();
        }

    并发工具类(二)同步屏障CyclicBarrier

    【死磕Java并发】—–J.U.C之并发工具类:CyclicBarrier

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hexinwei1/p/9982420.html
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