• [WebRTC] Audio Codec Encoder 基类注解


    Audio Codec Encoder 中包含大量错误重传、减少传输量、QoS分析、网络质量等的优化部分。如:

    • FEC(前向纠错forward error correction),
    • VAD(静音检测,Voice Activity Detector),
    • DTX(不连续传输Discontinuous Transmission).
    • RTT(往返时延 round-trip time )
    • ANA 。。。

    真正的编码在EncodeImpl()函数中。

    音频帧率计算方法:

    • 格式(编码字节数、采样一位所占的字节数) format = s16(格式)=16(bit)
    • 声道数 channels = 2
    • 一次采样(一秒中所占的位数)TotalBit = sampling * channels * format = 1411200
    • 一次采样(一秒中所占的字节数)TotalByte = TotalBit/8 = 176400
    1. AAC:
    • nb_samples和frame_size = 1024
    • 一帧数据量:10242s16/8 = 4096个字节。
    • ACC帧率 (一秒播放帧数)= TotalByte/4096 = 43.06640625帧
    1. MP3:
    • nb_samples和frame_size = 1152
    • 一帧数据量:11522s16/8 = 4608个字节。
    • MP3帧率 (一秒播放帧数)= TotalByte/4608 = 38.28125帧

    webrtcsrcapiaudio_codecsaudio_encoder.h

    // This is the interface class for encoders in AudioCoding module. Each codec
    // type must have an implementation of this class.
    class AudioEncoder {
     public:
      
    
      virtual ~AudioEncoder() = default;
    
      // 设置采样率和通道数。
      virtual int SampleRateHz() const = 0;
      virtual size_t NumChannels() const = 0;
    
      // 返回采样率 SampleRate Hz. 采样率从8 kHz(窄带)到48 kHz(全频)
      // 人对频率的识别范围是 20HZ ~ 20kHZ
      // 电话采样率 8kHZ
      virtual int RtpTimestampRateHz() const;
    
      // 下一个编码包中,10 ms内的编码帧数。
      // 每个包编码出来的帧数可能会不一样。
      virtual size_t Num10MsFramesInNextPacket() const = 0;
    
      // 10ms编码 最大帧数
      virtual size_t Max10MsFramesInAPacket() const = 0;
    
      // 当前的比特率 bits/s (码率). 
      //Opus 支持恒定比特率(CBR)和可变比特率(VBR)
      virtual int GetTargetBitrate() const = 0;
    
    
      // 编码动作,实际会调用 EncodeImpl()。
      // 输入一个10 ms音频包
      // 多通道音频需要交叉编码。
      // Audio.size() == SampleRateHz() * NumChannels / 100
      EncodedInfo Encode(uint32_t rtp_timestamp,
                         rtc::ArrayView<const int16_t> audio,
                         rtc::Buffer* encoded);
    
      // 编码结果包发出之前,重新编码
      virtual void Reset() = 0;
    
      // Enables or disables codec-internal FEC (forward error correction).
      // 名词:NACK重传, FEC(前向纠错)
      // 题外:如果视频Codec选择为H264的时候, FEC,RED是被关闭的。
      // 		参见rtp_video_sender.cc
      virtual bool SetFec(bool enable);
    
      // DTX(不连续传输)
      // Enables or disables codec-internal VAD(静音检测,Voice Activity Detector)/DTX(不连续传输Discontinuous Transmission)/. 
      // 主要应用在不活跃的语音周期中,降低传输速率,同时保持可接受的输出质量。
      // VAD将输入信号分类为活动语音、非活动语音和背景噪声。
      // 基于VAD决策,DTX在静默期间插入静默插入描述符(SID)帧。
      // 在静默期间,SID帧被周期性地发送到CNG(舒适噪音生成)模块,该模块在接收端的非活动语音期间产生环境噪声。
      virtual bool SetDtx(bool enable);
    
      // Returns the status of codec-internal DTX. 
      virtual bool GetDtx() const;
    
      // Sets the application mode. 
      enum class Application { kSpeech, kAudio };
      virtual bool SetApplication(Application application);
    
      // 设置播放(decoder)的最大采样率。
      virtual void SetMaxPlaybackRate(int frequency_hz);
    
    
      RTC_DEPRECATED virtual void SetTargetBitrate(int target_bps);
    
      // NOTE: This method is subject to change. Do not call or override it.
      virtual rtc::ArrayView<std::unique_ptr<AudioEncoder>>
      ReclaimContainedEncoders();
    
      // Enables audio network adaptor. Returns true if successful.
      virtual bool EnableAudioNetworkAdaptor(const std::string& config_string,
                                             RtcEventLog* event_log);
    
      // Disables audio network adaptor.
      virtual void DisableAudioNetworkAdaptor();
    
      // Provides uplink packet loss fraction to this encoder to allow it to adapt.
      // 上行链路包丢失片断处理
      // |uplink_packet_loss_fraction| is in the range [0.0, 1.0].
      // The uplink packet loss fractions as set by the ANA FEC controller.
      virtual void OnReceivedUplinkPacketLossFraction(
          float uplink_packet_loss_fraction);
    
      // 可以FEC前向纠错的部分。
      // Provides 1st-order-FEC-recoverable uplink packet loss rate to this encoder
      // to allow it to adapt.
      // |uplink_recoverable_packet_loss_fraction| is in the range [0.0, 1.0].
      virtual void OnReceivedUplinkRecoverablePacketLossFraction(
          float uplink_recoverable_packet_loss_fraction);
    
      // Provides target audio bitrate to this encoder to allow it to adapt.
      virtual void OnReceivedTargetAudioBitrate(int target_bps);
    
      // Provides target audio bitrate and corresponding probing interval of
      // the bandwidth estimator to this encoder to allow it to adapt.
      virtual void OnReceivedUplinkBandwidth(int target_audio_bitrate_bps,
                                             absl::optional<int64_t> bwe_period_ms);
    
      // Provides target audio bitrate and corresponding probing interval of
      // the bandwidth estimator to this encoder to allow it to adapt.
      virtual void OnReceivedUplinkAllocation(BitrateAllocationUpdate update);
    
      // RTT:round-trip time(往返时延),是指从数据包发送开始,到接收端确认接收,
      // 然后发送确认给发送端总共经历的延时,注意:不包括接收端处理需要的耗时。
      // Sender:s(t0)-------------------------------------->Receiver:r(t1)
      // Sender:r(t3)<---------------------------------------Receiver:s(t2)
      //  rtt时间=t1-t0+t3-t2=t3-t0-(t2-t1)=t3-t0-d      d(接收端处理耗时)
      // Provides RTT to this encoder to allow it to adapt.
      virtual void OnReceivedRtt(int rtt_ms);
    
      // Overhead 每个包中Encoder带来的字节大小。
      // Provides overhead to this encoder to adapt. The overhead is the number of
      // bytes that will be added to each packet the encoder generates.
      virtual void OnReceivedOverhead(size_t overhead_bytes_per_packet);
    
      // To allow encoder to adapt its frame length, it must be provided the frame
      // length range that receivers can accept.
      virtual void SetReceiverFrameLengthRange(int min_frame_length_ms,
                                               int max_frame_length_ms);
    
      // 网络适配 统计用
      // Get statistics related to audio network adaptation.
      virtual ANAStats GetANAStats() const;
    
     protected:
      // 真正的Encoding部分
      // Subclasses implement this to perform the actual encoding. Called by
      // Encode().
      virtual EncodedInfo EncodeImpl(uint32_t rtp_timestamp,
                                     rtc::ArrayView<const int16_t> audio,
                                     rtc::Buffer* encoded) = 0;
    };
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/herryzz/p/13199799.html
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