Xml Document与 xml反序列化

概念

.net 支持Xml文档与.net 类之间无缝双向转换。当应用程序规模变大后，要想程序变得灵活，可配置元素也会变得越来越多。应用程序根据xml文档配置也就自然而然的事。本文的目的也就讲解xml文档与.net 对象通过xml标签的对应关系，以及xml序列化出现问题后如何解决。

基本的序列化元素

[XmlRoot(“ElementName”)]:对应xml文档的根元素.

Xml Segment1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<StudentCollection>

</StudentCollection>

对应的映射类：

[XmlRoot("StudentCollection")]

    public class Student

    {

 

}

 

Xml Segement 2

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<customer>

</customer>

映射类

[XmlRoot("customer")]

    public class Customer

    {

 

    }

XmlRoot(“元素名称”)：类上的XmlRoot标签指明了类映射到xml的根结点，标签中的名称就是xml文档中根节点的名称。

[XmlElement(“ElementName”)]：映射到xml文档中元素。

Xml Segment1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<student>

  <age>30</age>

</student>

 

对应的映射类：

[XmlRoot("student")]

    public class Student

    {

        [XmlElement("age",Type=typeof (Int32))]

        public int Age

        {

            get;

            set;

 

        }

    }

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<employee  age="30">

</employee>

[XmlAttribute(“AttributeName”)]：映射到xml文档中属性。

Xml 文件Employee.xml

 

对应的映射类：

[XmlRoot("employee")]

    public class Employee

    {

        [XmlAttribute("age")]

        public string Age

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

    }

Xml 解析：

using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("Employee.xml"))

            {

                XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Employee));

                Employee stList = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr) as Employee;

                Debug.Assert(stList == null);

                Console.Read();

            }

同时具有XmlElement 与 XmlAttribute

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<student id="1001">

  <age>10</age>

</student>

[XmlRoot("student")]

    public class Student

    {

        [XmlAttribute("id")]

        public string ID

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

        [XmlElement("age", Type = typeof(Int32))]

        public int Age

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

    }

 

 

using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("Student.xml"))

            {

                XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Student));

                Student student = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr) as Student;

            }

 

XmlAttayItem 与 XmlElement 以及XmlArray节点

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<studentList>

  <student>

    <id>1001</id>

    <age>23</age>

    <name>hbb0b01</name>

    <subjects>

      <subject name="math">

        <score>

          80

        </score>

      </subject>

      <subject name="english">

        <score>

          90

        </score>

      </subject>

    </subjects>

  </student>

  <student>

    <id>1002</id>

    <age>30</age>

    <name>hbb0b02</name>

    <subjects>

      <subject name="math">

        <score>

          70

        </score>

      </subject>

      <subject name="english">

        <score>

          60

        </score>

      </subject>

    </subjects>

  </student>

</studentList>

public class Subject

    {

        [XmlAttribute("name")]

        public string name

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

 

        [XmlElement("score")]

        public int score

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

    }

 

    public class Student

    {

        public string id

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

        public string name

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

        public int age

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

         /// <summary>

        /// subjects可以与xml节点的集合节点的名称不同,可以用

        /// XmlArray指定映射到的集合节点

        /// </summary>

        [XmlArrayItem(ElementName = "subject", Type = typeof(Subject))]

        [XmlArray("subjects")]

        public Subject[] subjects123

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

 

    }

 

[XmlRoot("studentList")]

    public class StudentList

    {

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "student")]

        public List<Student> students

        {

            get;

            set;

        }

    }

 

using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("StudentList.xml"))

            {

                XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(StudentList));

                StudentList stList = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr) as StudentList;

                Debug.Assert(stList == null);

                Console.Read();

            }

总结：

至此最常用的xml标签XmlRoot,XmlAttribute,XmlElement,XmlArray,XmlArrayItem与类元素的映射关键已经讲完。