18、spring cloud如何使用spring-test进行单元测试

上篇和大家学习了spring cloud 如何整合reids，在测试时借用了web形式的restful接口进行的。那还有没有别的方式可以对spring boot和spring cloud编写的代码进行单元测试呢？答案：肯定是有的。这篇讲解一下如何使用 spring-boot-starter-test进行单元测试

1、 新建项目sc-test，对应的pom.xml文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 

<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>sc-test</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<packaging>jar</packaging>

 

<name>sc-test</name>

<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

 

<parent>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>

</parent>

 

<dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>

<type>pom</type>

<scope>import</scope>

</dependency>

 

</dependencies>

</dependencyManagement>

 

<properties>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

</properties>

 

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>

</dependency>

 

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

 

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

<scope>test</scope>

</dependency>

 

<!-- <dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>

<scope>test</scope>

</dependency> -->

 

</dependencies>

</project>

 

说明：只要使用spring-boot-starter-test即可，该jar已经包含spring-boot-test

 

2、 新建spring boot启动类

 

package sc.test;

 

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

 

@SpringBootApplication

public class TestApplication {

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);

}

 

}

 

备注：如果没有该类，spring-test启动将报错，见下图

 

3、 新建操作redis的配置类

 

package sc.test.config;

 

import java.io.Serializable;

 

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;

import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;

import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

 

@Configuration

@AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class)

public class RedisCacheAutoConfiguration {

 

    @Bean

    public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {

        RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> template = new RedisTemplate<>();

        //键的序列化方式

        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());

        //值的序列化方式

        template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());

        template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);

        return template;

    }

}

 

4、 新建配置文件application.yml

 

server:

  port: 9005

  

spring:

  application:

    name: sc-redis

  redis:

    host: 127.0.0.1

    password:

    port: 6379

    timeout: 10000 # 连接超时时间（毫秒）

    database: 0 # Redis默认情况下有16个分片，这里配置具体使用的分片，默认是0

    lettuce:

      pool:

        max-active: 8 # 连接池最大连接数（使用负值表示没有限制） 默认 8

        max-wait: -1 # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间（使用负值表示没有限制） 默认 -1

        max-idle: 8 # 连接池中的最大空闲连接 默认 8

        min-idle: 0 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接 默认 0

 

5、 新建测试类TestRedis.java

 

package sc.test.unit;

 

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import java.util.stream.IntStream;

 

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

 

import sc.test.model.User;

 

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)

@SpringBootTest

public class TestRedis {

 

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestRedis.class);

 

    @Autowired

    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

 

    @Autowired

    private RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate;

 

    @Test

    public void get() {

        // 测试线程安全

//        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1000);

//        IntStream.range(0, 1000).forEach(i ->

//                executorService.execute(() -> stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().increment("kk", 1))

//        );

        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "{'name':'huangjinjin', 'age':30}");

        final String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key");

        log.info("[字符缓存结果] - [{}]", value);

        String key = "manage:user:1";

        User u = new User();

        u.setId(1L);

        u.setAge(30);

        u.setPosition("cto");

        u.setUserName("good boy");

        redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, u);

        //从缓存获取User对象

        final User user = (User) redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);

        log.info("[对象缓存结果] - userName={}, age={}, position={}", //

         user.getUserName(), user.getAge(), user.getPosition());

    }

}

 

6、 进行测试

（1） reids server没有启动时，运行TestRedis.java（右键选择Junit Test）

 

连接不上Reids server异常

 

 

（2） reids server启动后时，运行TestRedis.java，出现绿条说明执行代码成功

 

日志中打印相关数据，说明数据也存贮到redis server中

 

7、 使用redis-cli验证数据是否正在存档redis server中

 

有了spring-boot-starter-test，就可以不使用restful接口对spring boot写的接口进行单元测试了。不但可以测试redis，也可以测试数据库的增删查改。可以使用spring中的各种注解，注入对象。

 

https://gitee.com/hjj520/spring-cloud-2.x