一、连接oracle数据库
一、windows环境
oracle windows客户端下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/winx64soft-089540.html
1、首先需要安装好oracle数据库,本机适用plsql连接数据库正常,记录下数据库名称
oracle连接工具下载地址:https://www.allroundautomations.com/bodyplsqldevreg.html
2、安装cx_oracle模块
pip install cx_Oracle
3、python中引入模块
import cx_Oracle as cx
4、测试
conn = cx.connect('sys/password@localhost/orcl') cursor = conn.cursor () cursor.execute ("select * from dual") row = cursor.fetchone () print (row) cursor.close () conn.close ()
二、Linux环境
1、涉及软件包
1、cx_Oracle
下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/cx-oracle/files/?source=navbar
我下载的是的cx_Oracle-5.1.2.tar.gz
2、Oracle_client
使用cx_Oracle必须要安装Oracle_client端,或者你已经安装了Oracle数据库。
下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html
以连接Oracle11为例需要下载以下rpm包:
oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient11.2-odbc-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient11.2-tools-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm
软件包都下载完后,我们开始来安装。
2、源码安装
1、Oracle_client端安装:
# rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-odbc-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-tools-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm # echo /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/ >> /etc/ld.so.conf # ldconfig
如果不进行ldconfig配置,在运行cx_Oracle时会报以下错误:
ibclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2、设置相应用户的环境变量:
在这里需要说明下,你使用哪个帐户装cx_Oracle就需要配置哪个帐户的环境变量,以下已root帐户为例;
如果不配置环境变量、或环境变量配置不正确,在安装cx_Oracle时,会报各种错误,比如说:
oci.h: No such file or directory #vi ~/.bashrc export TNS_ADMIN="/usr/lib/oracle" export ORACLE_HOME="/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64" export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/lib" export PATH="${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}" #source ~/.bashrc
3、源码安装
#tar -zxvf cx_Oracle-5.1.2.tar.gz #cd cx_Oracle-5.1.2 #python setup.py install
4、安装成功后相应检查
[root@HAProxy01 Scripts]# python Python 3.3.0 (default, Sep 14 2017, 14:53:20) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import cx_Oracle >>>
3、脚本实例:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import cx_Oracle as db import os os.environ['NLS_LANG'] = 'SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.UTF8' def queryOracle(sql): username = "US_ORDER" #用户名 passwd = "******" #用户密码 host = "192.168.1.203" #服务器IP port = "1521" #oracle端口 sid = "ORCL" #oracle的 dsn = db.makedsn(host, port, sid) con = db.connect(username, passwd, dsn) cur = con.cursor() cur.execute(sql) result = cur.fetchall() cur.close() con.close() return result if __name__=="__main__": sql = "select sysdate from dual" #需要执行的SQL result = queryOracle(sql) print(result)
执行结果:
[root@HAProxy01 Scripts]# ./check_oracle_tables.py [(datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 15, 12, 1, 51),)]