Python修改headers参数的两种方法

1.通过Request的headers参数修改

import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import json

content = input("请输入翻译的内容:")

url = 'http://fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule'

head = {}
head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36'
data = {}

data['i'] = content

data['from'] = 'en'
data['to'] = 'zh-CHS'
data['smartresult'] = 'dict'
data['client'] = 'fanyideskweb'
data['salt'] = '15934837793668'
data['sign'] = '6c263b05b4511c7c9fc9e540d8cb3b42'
data['ts'] = '1593483779366'
data['bv'] = 'dd0840fad0d96c2e9de5a4f181a39d98'
data['doctype'] = 'json'
data['version'] = '2.1'
data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web'
data['action'] = 'FY_BY_CLICKBUTTION'
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')

req = urllib.request.Request(url,data,head)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

html =response.read().decode('utf-8')

target = json.loads(html)
print("翻译的结果是：%s" %(target['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt']))

运行结果

输入翻译的内容:love
翻译的结果是：爱
>>> req.headers
{'User-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36'}

2.通过Request.add_header()方法修改

附加代码

import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import json

content = input("请输入翻译的内容:")

url = 'http://fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule'

#head = {}
#head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36'
data = {}

data['i'] = content

data['from'] = 'en'
data['to'] = 'zh-CHS'
data['smartresult'] = 'dict'
data['client'] = 'fanyideskweb'
data['salt'] = '15934837793668'
data['sign'] = '6c263b05b4511c7c9fc9e540d8cb3b42'
data['ts'] = '1593483779366'
data['bv'] = 'dd0840fad0d96c2e9de5a4f181a39d98'
data['doctype'] = 'json'
data['version'] = '2.1'
data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web'
data['action'] = 'FY_BY_CLICKBUTTION'
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')

req = urllib.request.Request(url,data)
req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36')
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

html =response.read().decode('utf-8')

target = json.loads(html)
print("翻译的结果是：%s" %(target['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt']))