一.mina简介
Apache Mina是一个能够帮助用户开发高性能和高伸缩性网络应用程序的框架。与Netty出自同一人之手,都是一个介于应用程序与网络之间的NIO框架,通过Java nio技术基于TCP/IP和UDP/IP协议提供了抽象的、事件驱动的、异步的API,使程序员从繁琐的网络操作中解脱出来,花更多的时间在业务处理上。
mina分为三层,如下图:
1、IOService层:处理IO操作
2、IOFilter层:过滤器链,日志处理、字节变换、对象转换等操作
3、IOHandler层:真正的处理业务逻辑的地方
mina核心类
IoService
IoService用来管理各种IO服务,在mina中,这些服务可以包括session、filter、handler等
上面的图简单介绍了IoService的职责,以及其具体实现类AbstractIoService中的职责。在比较大的框架中,都是采用了大量的抽象类之间继承,采用层级实现细节这样的方式来组织代码。所以在mina中看到Abstract开头的类,并不仅仅只是一个抽象,其实里面也包含很多的实现了。
服务端IoAcceptor及相关类
IOAcceptor相当于是对ServerSocketChannel的封装,最重要的两个操作是绑定与接受连接。
Acceptor线程专门负责接受连接,在其上有一个selector,轮询是否有连接建立上来,当有连接建立上来,调用ServerSocketChannel.accept方法来接受连接,这个方法返回一个session对象,然后将这个session对象加入processor中,由processor遍历每个session来完成真正的IO操作。processor上也有一个selector与一个Processor线程,selector用于轮询session,Processor线程处理每个session的IO操作。
客户端IOConnector及相关类
IOConnector的设计与IOAcceptor几乎完全一样,唯一不同的是与Acceptor线程对应的是Connector线程,在完成连接操作后也是扔了一个session对象到Processor中。
过滤器(Filter)
下面是官网提供的过滤器
可以通过继承IoFilterAdapter来实现自己的过滤器,但一般不需要这么做,以下是一些常用的过滤器:
- LoggingFilter 记录mina所有日志
- ProtocolCodecFilter 协议编码解码过滤器
- CompressionFilter 数据压缩过滤器
- SSLFilter 数据加密过滤器
IoSession
Mina每建立一个连接同时会创建一个session对象,用于保存这次读写需要用到的所有信息。从抽象类AbstractIoSession中可以看出session具有如下功能:
1、从attributes成员可以看出session可以存放用户关心的键值对
2、注意到WriteRequestQueue,这是一个写请求队列,processor中调用flush或者flushNow方法时会将用户写入的数据包装成一个writeRequest对象,并加入这个队列中。
3、提供了大量的统计功能,比如接收到了多少消息、最后读取时间等
在代码中设置session:
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// 创建服务器监听
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IoAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor();
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// 设置buffer的长度
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acceptor.getSessionConfig().setReadBufferSize(2048);
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// 设置连接超时时间
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acceptor.getSessionConfig().setIdleTime(IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, 10);
连接到来创建一个session,初始化好之后加入到processor负责的一个队列中。processor线程会把队列中的session对应的通道都注册到它自己的selector上,然后这个selector轮询这些通道是否准备就绪,一旦准备就绪就调用对应方法进行处理(read or flushNow)。
Mina中的session具有状态,且状态之间是可以相互转化的
IoFilter与IoHandler就是在这些状态上面加以干预,下面重点看一下IDLE状态,它分三种:
Idle for read:在规定时间内没有数据可读
Idle for write:在规定时间内没有数据可写
Idle for both:在规定时间内没有数据可读和可写
这三种状态分别对应IdleStatus类的三个常量:READER_IDLE、WRITER_IDLE、BOTH_IDLE
前面session的用法中有如下设置:
acceptor.getSessionConfig().setIdleTime(IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, 10);
二.保持长连接
服务端
引入相关jar包
(1)mina-core-2.0.16.jar
(2)slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar及相关jar包
- MainService.java
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public class MinaService {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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IoAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor();
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acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast( "logger", new LoggingFilter() );
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acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("codec", new ProtocolCodecFilter(new ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));
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acceptor.setHandler(new DemoServiceHandler());
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acceptor.getSessionConfig().setMaxReadBufferSize(2048);
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acceptor.getSessionConfig().setIdleTime(IdleStatus.BOTH_IDLE, 10); //10秒没有读写就进入空闲状态
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try {
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acceptor.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9123));
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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private static class DemoServiceHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter{
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public void sessionCreated(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionCreated(session);
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}
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public void sessionOpened(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionOpened(session);
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}
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public void sessionClosed(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionClosed(session);
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}
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public void exceptionCaught(IoSession session, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
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super.exceptionCaught(session, cause);
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}
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public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception {
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super.messageReceived(session, message);
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String msg = message.toString();
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session.write(new Date());
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System.out.println("接收到的数据:"+msg);
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}
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public void messageSent(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception {
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super.messageSent(session, message);
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}
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}
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}
客户端
相关jar包
(1)mina-core-2.0.16.jar
(2)slf4j-android-1.6.1-RC1.jar
- ConnectionManager.java
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public class ConnectionManager {
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private static final String BROADCAST_ACTION="com.commonlibrary.mina";
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private static final String MESSAGE="message";
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private ConnectionConfig mConfig;
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private WeakReference<Context> mContext;
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private NioSocketConnector mConnection;
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private IoSession mSession;
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private InetSocketAddress mAddress;
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public ConnectionManager(ConnectionConfig config) {
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this.mConfig = config;
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this.mContext = new WeakReference<Context>(config.getContext());
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init();
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}
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private void init() {
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mAddress = new InetSocketAddress(mConfig.getIp(), mConfig.getPort());
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mConnection = new NioSocketConnector();
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mConnection.getSessionConfig().setReadBufferSize(mConfig.getReadBufferSize());
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mConnection.getFilterChain().addLast("logger", new LoggingFilter());
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mConnection.getFilterChain().addLast("codec", new ProtocolCodecFilter(new ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));
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mConnection.setHandler(new DefaultHandler(mContext.get()));
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mConnection.setDefaultRemoteAddress(mAddress);
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}
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public boolean connect() {
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try {
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ConnectFuture future = mConnection.connect();
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future.awaitUninterruptibly();
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mSession = future.getSession();
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SessionManager.getInstance().setSeesion(mSession);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return false;
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}
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return mSession != null ? true:false;
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}
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public void disConnection()
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{
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mConnection.dispose();
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mConnection = null;
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mSession = null;
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mAddress = null;
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mContext = null;
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}
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private static class DefaultHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter {
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private final Context mContext;
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public DefaultHandler(Context context) {
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this.mContext = context;
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}
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public void sessionCreated(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionCreated(session);
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}
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public void sessionOpened(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionOpened(session);
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//将我们的session保存到我们的session manager类中, 从而可以发送消息到服务器
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}
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public void sessionClosed(IoSession session) throws Exception {
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super.sessionClosed(session);
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}
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public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception {
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super.messageReceived(session, message);
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if (mContext != null)
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{
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Intent intent = new Intent(BROADCAST_ACTION);
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intent.putExtra(MESSAGE, message.toString());
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LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(mContext).sendBroadcast(intent);
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}
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}
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public void messageSent(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception {
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super.messageSent(session, message);
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}
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}
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}
- ConnectionConfig.java
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public class ConnectionConfig {
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private Context context;
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private String ip;
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private int port;
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private int readBufferSize;
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private long connectionTimeout;
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public Context getContext() {
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return context;
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}
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public void setContext(Context context) {
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this.context = context;
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}
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public String getIp() {
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return ip;
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}
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public void setIp(String ip) {
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this.ip = ip;
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}
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public int getPort() {
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return port;
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}
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public void setPort(int port) {
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this.port = port;
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}
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public int getReadBufferSize() {
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return readBufferSize;
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}
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public void setReadBufferSize(int readBufferSize) {
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this.readBufferSize = readBufferSize;
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}
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public long getConnectionTimeout() {
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return connectionTimeout;
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}
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public void setConnectionTimeout(long connectionTimeout) {
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this.connectionTimeout = connectionTimeout;
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}
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//构建者模式
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public static class Builder{
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private Context context;
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private String ip="10.90.24.139";
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private int port=9123;
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private int readBufferSize=10240;
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private long connectionTimeout=10000;
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public Builder(Context context) {
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this.context = context;
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}
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public Builder setIp(String ip) {
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this.ip = ip;
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return this;
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}
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public Builder setPort(int port) {
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this.port = port;
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return this;
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}
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public Builder setReadBufferSize(int readBufferSize) {
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this.readBufferSize = readBufferSize;
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return this;
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}
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public Builder setConnectionTimeout(long connectionTimeout) {
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this.connectionTimeout = connectionTimeout;
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return this;
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}
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private void applyConfig(ConnectionConfig config)
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{
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config.context = this.context;
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config.ip = this.ip;
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config.port = this.port;
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config.readBufferSize = readBufferSize;
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config.connectionTimeout = this.connectionTimeout;
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}
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public ConnectionConfig builder()
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{
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ConnectionConfig config = new ConnectionConfig();
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applyConfig(config);
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return config;
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}
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}
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}
- SessionManager.java
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public class SessionManager {
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private static SessionManager mInstance = null;
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//最终与服务器进行通信的对象
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private IoSession mSession;
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public static SessionManager getInstance() {
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if (mInstance == null)
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{
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synchronized (SessionManager.class) {
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if (mInstance == null) {
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mInstance = new SessionManager();
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}
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}
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}
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return mInstance;
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}
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public void setSeesion(IoSession session){
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this.mSession = session;
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}
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public SessionManager() {
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}
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public SessionManager(IoSession mSession) {
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this.mSession = mSession;
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}
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/**
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* 将对象写到服务端
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* @param msg
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*/
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public void writeToServer(Object msg)
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{
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if (mSession != null) {
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mSession.write(msg);
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}
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}
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public void closeSession()
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{
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if (mSession != null)
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mSession.closeOnFlush();
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}
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public void removeSession()
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{
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this.mSession = null;
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}
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}
- MinaActivity.java
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public class MinaActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
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private MessageBroadcastReceiver receiver = new MessageBroadcastReceiver();
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private Button btn1, btn2;
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private TextView message;
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.mina_test);
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message = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.message);
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btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);
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btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn2);
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btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
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btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
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registerBroadcast();
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}
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private void registerBroadcast() {
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IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.commonlibrary.mina");
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LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
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}
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private void unregisterBroadcast()
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{
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LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(receiver);
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}
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protected void onDestroy() {
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super.onDestroy();
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stopService(new Intent(this, MinaService.class));
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unregisterBroadcast();
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}
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public void onClick(View v) {
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switch (v.getId())
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{
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case R.id.btn1:
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SessionManager.getInstance().writeToServer("123");
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break;
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case R.id.btn2:
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Intent intent = new Intent(this, MinaService.class);
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startService(intent);
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break;
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}
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}
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private class MessageBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
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{
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public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
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message.setText(intent.getStringExtra("message"));
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}
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}
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}
布局文件中就是两个按钮和一个文本控件,代码就不贴了。
- MinaService.java
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public class MinaService extends Service {
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private ConnectionHandlerThread thread;
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public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
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return null;
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}
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public void onCreate() {
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super.onCreate();
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thread = new ConnectionHandlerThread("mina", getApplicationContext());
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System.out.println("service create:");
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thread.start();
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}
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public void onDestroy() {
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super.onDestroy();
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thread.disConnection();
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}
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/**
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* 负责调用ConnectionManager
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*/
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class ConnectionHandlerThread extends HandlerThread {
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private Context context;
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boolean isConnection;
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ConnectionManager mManager;
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public ConnectionHandlerThread(String name, Context context) {
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super(name);
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this.context = context;
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ConnectionConfig config = new ConnectionConfig.Builder(context)
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.setIp("10.90.24.139").setPort(9123)
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.setReadBufferSize(10240).setReadBufferSize(10000).builder();
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System.out.println(config.getReadBufferSize());
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mManager = new ConnectionManager(config);
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}
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protected void onLooperPrepared() {
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super.onLooperPrepared();
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while (true) {
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isConnection = mManager.connect(); //
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if (isConnection) {
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break;
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}
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try {
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Thread.sleep(3000);
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} catch (InterruptedException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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public void disConnection() {
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mManager.disConnection();
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}
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}
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}
注意:
(1)局部广播的使用(LocalBroadcastManager)
(2)android中AlertDialog使用的构建者模式
(3)HandlerThread的使用