Oracle 表空间扩容

1 系统表空间扩容

注：表空间监测或扩容方式很多，这里只提供一种方便使用的方法

1）查询SQL

注：需要输入百分比，如：90，就可查出使用率超过90%的表空间，

with t as
(select b.tablespace_name,
b.contents,
(b.currentbytes - nvl(a.free, 0)) / b.currentbytes * 100 ratio
from (select 'PERMANENT' contents,
tablespace_name,
sum(bytes) currentbytes,
sum(maxbytes) maxbyte
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name
union all
select 'TEMPORARY' contents,
tablespace_name,
sum(bytes) currentbytes,
sum(maxbytes) maxbyte
from dba_temp_files
group by tablespace_name) b,
(select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) free
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
union all
select tablespace_name, sum(free_space) free
from dba_temp_free_space
group by tablespace_name) a
where a.tablespace_name(+) = b.tablespace_name
and (b.currentbytes - nvl(a.free, 0)) / b.currentbytes * 100 >
nvl(to_number('&百分比'), 80))
select case add_f.contents
when 'PERMANENT' then
'alter tablespace ' || add_f.tablespace_name || ' add datafile ''' ||
add_f.new_file || ''' size ' || nvl(to_number('&文件大小'), 4) || 'g;'
when 'TEMPORARY' then
'alter tablespace ' || add_f.tablespace_name || ' add tempfile ''' ||
add_f.new_file || ''' size ' || nvl(to_number('&文件大小'), 4) || 'g;'
end,
add_f.tablespace_name,
t.ratio
from (select t.tablespace_name,
t.contents,
substr(f.file_name, 1, instr(f.file_name, '/', -1)) ||
lower(t.tablespace_name) || (max(f.file_id) + 1) || '.dbf' new_file
from dba_data_files f, t
where f.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name
group by t.tablespace_name,
t.contents,
substr(f.file_name, 1, instr(f.file_name, '/', -1))) add_f,
t
where add_f.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name;

2）登录数据库服务器，执行扩容语句，如下

$ su - oraprod
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter tablespace APPS_TS_MEDIA add datafile '/oracle/PROD/ora/db/apps_st/data/apps_ts_media401.dbf' size 4g;

3）常见报错问题

a ORA-01654: 索引 GL.GL_BALANCES_N3 无法通过 16 (在表空间 APPS_TS_TX_IDX)

  解决方法：增加 APPS_TS_TX_IDX空间大小

b ORA-01555: 快照过旧: 回退段号 18 (名称为 "_SYSSMU18_720684835$") 过小

   解决方法：增加UNDO表空间大小

  参考网址：

  https://my.oschina.net/fuyong/blog/801767

  http://blog.csdn.net/ghost241/article/details/50537063

 2 临时表空间扩容

参考网址：http://www.cnblogs.com/vipsoft/archive/2012/11/28/2792431.html

备注：临时表空间的使用率跟正常的表空间使用率不一样，正常情况下，临时表空间的使用率也可能达到99%，没有参考意义。当某个报错的时候，就说明临时表空间真的不足了，需要进行扩容

1）查询临时表空间

SQL一：

select c.tablespace_name,
to_char(c.bytes / 1024 / 1024, '99,999.999') total_bytes,
to_char((c.bytes - d.bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024, '99,999.999') free_bytes,
to_char(d.bytes_used / 1024 / 1024, '99,999.999') use_bytes,
to_char(d.bytes_used * 100 / c.bytes, '99.99') || '%' use
from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_temp_files
group by tablespace_name) c,
(select tablespace_name, sum(bytes_cached) bytes_used
from v$temp_extent_pool
group by tablespace_name) d
where c.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
order by tablespace_name;

SQL二：

select tablespace_name,
file_name,
user_bytes/bytes,
bytes / 1024 / 1024 "file_size(M)",
autoextensible
from dba_temp_files t
where t.TABLESPACE_NAME = 'TEMP2';

注：查看临时表空间的数据文件命令及存放路径，便于下一步的表空间扩容

2）登录数据库服务器，执行扩容语句，如下

 $ su - oraprod
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ size 100m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1G MAXSIZE 10g;