• (原创)多功能数字钟(Digital Logic)(DE2)(QuartusII)


    Abstract

    将电路分成不同的层次和模块分别进行设计,然后组合,实现电路功能。

    Instruction

    数字钟的功能:

    1. 准确计时,以数字显示时、分、秒;
    2. 具有分、时校时功能;
    3. 整点报时;
    4. 闹钟;

    指定:

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
       管脚               //     端口
    -----------------------------------------------------------
       SW0                       复位(0有效)
    -----------------------------------------------------------
       SW1                       校时调分钟
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW2                       校时调小时
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW3                       mode(闹钟定时模式)
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW4                       设置闹钟的分钟
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW5                       设置闹钟的小时
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW6                       ctrl_bell(关闭闹钟0有效)
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       SW7                       输出时钟选择(0-1hz,1-5hz)
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       CLOCK_50                  输入时钟
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       HEX5--4                   显示小时
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       HEX3--2                   显示分钟
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       HEX1--0                   显示秒
    ----------------------------------------------------------
       LEDG8                     表示闹钟或整点报时
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    分析:

    数字钟组成框图

     

    数字钟主体电路的设计

    1. 模24计数器

    //counter24.v

    1 //filename :counter24.v (BCD : 0--23)
    2 module counter24(CntH,CntL,ncR,EN,CP);
    3 input CP,ncR,EN;
    4 output [3:0]CntH,CntL;
    5 reg [3:0]CntH,CntL;
    6
    7 always @(posedge CP,negedge ncR)
    8 begin
    9 if(~ncR)
    10 {CntH,CntL}<=8'h00;
    11 else if(~EN)
    12 {CntH,CntL}<={CntH,CntL};
    13 else if((CntH>2)||(CntL>9)||((CntH==2)&&(CntL>=3)))
    14 {CntH,CntL}<=8'h00;
    15 else if((CntH==2)&&(CntL<3))
    16 begin
    17 CntH<=CntH;
    18 CntL<=CntL+1'b1;
    19 end
    20 else if(CntL==9)
    21 begin
    22 CntH<=CntH+1'b1;
    23 CntL<=4'b0000;
    24 end
    25 else
    26 begin
    27 CntH<=CntH;
    28 CntL<=CntL+1'b1;
    29 end
    30 end
    31
    32 endmodule

    2. 模60计数器

    60进制计数器的层次结构

    //counter60.v

     

    1 //countuer 60
    2
    3 //counter10.v (BCD: 0--9)
    4 module counter10(Q,ncR,EN,CP);
    5 input CP,ncR,EN;
    6 output reg [3:0]Q;
    7
    8 always @(posedge CP,negedge ncR)
    9 begin
    10 if(~ncR)
    11 Q<=4'b0000;
    12 else if(~EN)
    13 Q<=Q;
    14 else if(Q==4'b1001)
    15 Q<=4'b0000;
    16 else
    17 Q<=Q+1'b1;
    18 end
    19 endmodule
    20
    21 //counter6.v(BCD: 0--5)
    22 module counter6(Q,ncR,EN,CP);
    23 input CP,ncR,EN;
    24 output reg [3:0]Q;
    25
    26 always @(posedge CP,negedge ncR)
    27 begin
    28 if(~ncR)
    29 Q<=4'b0000;
    30 else if(~EN)
    31 Q<=Q;
    32 else if(Q==4'b0101)
    33 Q<=4'b0000;
    34 else
    35 Q<=Q+1'b1;
    36 end
    37 endmodule
    38
    39 //counter60.v(BCD:0--59)
    40 module counter60(Cnt,ncR,EN,CP);
    41 input CP,ncR,EN;
    42 output [7:0]Cnt;
    43 wire [7:0]Cnt;
    44 wire ENP;
    45
    46 counter10 UC0(Cnt[3:0],ncR,EN,CP);
    47 counter6 UC1(Cnt[7:4],ncR,ENP,CP);
    48
    49 assign ENP=(Cnt[3:0]==4'h9);
    50 endmodule

    3. 主体电路

    //top_clock.v

     
    1 //top_clock.v
    2 module top_clock(Hour,Minute,Second,_1HZ,ncR,AdjMinKey,AdjHrKey);
    3 input _1HZ,ncR,AdjMinKey,AdjHrKey;
    4 output wire [7:0]Hour,Minute,Second;
    5 supply1 Vdd;
    6 wire MinCP,HrCP;
    7
    8 //Hour:Minute:Second counter
    9 counter60 UT1(Second,ncR,Vdd,_1HZ); //second counter
    10 counter60 UT2(Minute,ncR,Vdd,~MinCP); //minute counter
    11 counter24 UT3(Hour[7:4],Hour[3:0],ncR,Vdd,~HrCP); //hour counter
    12
    13 //generate singal of minute counter
    14 assign MinCP=AdjMinKey?_1HZ:(Second==8'h59);
    15 //generate singal of hour counter
    16 assign HrCP=AdjHrKey?_1HZ:({Minute,Second}==16'h5959);
    17
    18 endmodule
     

    方框图:

    top_clock方框

    仿真结果

    top_clock_01

    top_clock_02

    4. 分频模块

    //参考无双的万用分频器

    扩展电路的设计

    1. 整点报时

    //radio.v

    1 //Radio.v
    2 module Radio(alarm_radio,minute,second,_1khz,_500hz);
    3 input _1khz,_500hz;
    4 input [7:0]minute,second;
    5 output reg alarm_radio;
    6
    7 always @(minute or second)
    8 if(minute==8'h59)
    9 case(second)
    10 8'h51,
    11 8'h53,
    12 8'h55,
    13 8'h57:alarm_radio=_500hz;
    14 8'h59:alarm_radio=_1khz;
    15 default:alarm_radio=1'b0;
    16 endcase
    17 else alarm_radio=1'b0;
    18
    19 endmodule

    2.闹钟

    //bell.v

     

    1 //Bell.v
    2 module Bell(alarm_clock,set_hr,set_min,hour,minute,
    3 second,sethrkey,setminkey,_1khz,_500hz,
    4 _1hz,ctrlbell);
    5 output alarm_clock;
    6 output [7:0]set_hr,set_min;
    7 wire alarm_clock;
    8 input _1khz,_500hz,_1hz;
    9 input sethrkey,setminkey;
    10 input ctrlbell;
    11 input [7:0]hour,minute,second;
    12
    13 supply1 Vdd;
    14 wire hrh_equ,hrl_equ,minh_equ,minl_equ;
    15 wire time_equ;
    16
    17 counter60 SU1(set_min,Vdd,setminkey,_1hz);
    18 counter24 SU2(set_hr[7:4],set_hr[3:0],Vdd,sethrkey,_1hz);
    19
    20 //comparate the set time
    21 _4bitcomparator SU4(hrh_equ,set_hr[7:4],hour[7:4]);
    22 _4bitcomparator SU5(hrl_equ,set_hr[3:0],hour[3:0]);
    23 _4bitcomparator SU6(minh_equ,set_min[7:4],minute[7:4]);
    24 _4bitcomparator SU7(minl_equ,set_min[3:0],minute[3:0]);
    25
    26 assign time_equ=(hrh_equ && hrl_equ && minh_equ && minl_equ);
    27 assign alarm_clock=ctrlbell?(time_equ&&(((second[0]==1'b1)&&_500hz)
    28 ||((second[0]==1'b0)&&_1khz))):1'b0;
    29 endmodule
    30
    31 //4bitcomparator.v
    32 module _4bitcomparator(equ,a,b);
    33 input [3:0]a,b;
    34 output equ;
    35
    36 assign equ=(a==b);
    37 endmodule

    多功能数字钟顶层电路设计

    //complete_clock.v

    另一种实现方式:方框图

    complete_clock

    Conclusion

    数字钟也算是一个经典的课设,尝试在DE2上实现。当然功能还可扩展,唯一待解决的问题是DE2没有配置蜂鸣器,暂时用LEDG8接收500hz和1Khz的频率来代替蜂鸣器的效果。(不够完美:()。

    Reference

    罗杰 <Verilog HDL与数字ASIC设计基础> 华科

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/halflife/p/1706789.html
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