GBK: create database test2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
UTF8: CREATE DATABASE `test2` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci
转载地址
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121676.htm
在MySQL数据库中， 当插入数据无法支持中文时， 可将该数据库的编码集设置为utf8， 故在创建数据库时， 将数据库编码集及其他字符编码设置为utf8。
如果之前创建的数据库的数据库编码集不为utf8， 可以进行如下设置：
mysql> alter database 数据库名 character set utf8;
或删除原有旧的数据库， 再重新创建新的数据库并将默认的编码集设置为utf8:
mysql> create database 数据库名 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
* 删除数据库：
mysql> drop database dbname if exists dbname;
* 创建数据库：
mysql> create database dbname if not exists dbname；
为确保 create database dbname 命令创建的数据库编码集为utf8， 我们可对mysql的配置文件进行修改windows下的mysql配置文件为my.ini， my.ini存在于mysql的安装目录下linux下的mysql配置文件为my.cnf， mysql.cnf存在于mysql的安装目录下或/etc/下在my.cnf或my.ini下找到[mysqld]， 在其下方添加一行：
character_set_server=utf8
然后保存退出， 并重启mysql服务即可。
查看字符编码：
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
或
mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
或
mysql> use 数据库名；
mysql> s
或
mysql> use 数据库名
mysql> status;
具体操作如下：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_database = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_server = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db_ets;
Database changed
mysql> s
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 16
Current database: db_ets
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 23 min 45 sec
Threads: 3 Questions: 487 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 144 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 129 Queries per second avg: 0.341
--------------
mysql> status;
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 16
Current database: db_ets
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 24 min 14 sec
Threads: 5 Questions: 501 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 144 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 129 Queries per second avg: 0.344
--------------
mysql>
MySQL修改默认字符集为utf-8 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121653.htm