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------------------------正文开始---------------------------
之前项目中对于数据详情的查询使用的ddb技术，由于成本过高，现考虑使用开源的hbase框架，借此机会进行hbase的代码案例记录，之前已经对
hbase的原理进行介绍，介绍了hbase中的rowkey，列，列族，以及存储原理等，可以参考之前的博客，现只针对hbase的java Api进行分析。
一、连接配置，拿到 connection
/** * 声明静态配置 */ private Configuration conf = null; private Connection connection = null; /** * 构造函数 */ public HBaseService(Configuration conf) { this.conf = conf; try { connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("获取HBase连接失败"); } }
@Value("${HBase.nodes}")
private String nodes;
@Value("${HBase.maxsize}")
private String maxsize;
@Bean
public HBaseService getHbaseService(){
org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum",nodes );
conf.set("hbase.client.keyvalue.maxsize",maxsize);
conf.setInt(HConstants.HBASE_CLIENT_SCANNER_TIMEOUT_PERIOD, 60000);
conf.setInt("hbase.rpc.timeout", 20000);
conf.setInt("hbase.client.operation.timeout", 30000);
conf.setInt("hbase.client.scanner.timeout.period", 20000);
conf.setInt("hbase.client.pause", 50);
conf.setInt("hbase.client.retries.number", 15);
return new HBaseService(conf);
}
创建表：
/** * 创建表 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 17:50 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param columnFamily 列族名 list表 * @return void */ public boolean creatTable(String tableName, List<String> columnFamily) { Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); //一个表中可以存在多个列族 List<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> familyDescriptors = new ArrayList<>(columnFamily.size()); for(String cf : columnFamily) //遍历所有列族 { familyDescriptors.add(ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(cf)).build()); //添加列族的描述 } TableDescriptor tableDescriptor = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(TableName.valueOf(tableName)) //添加表的描述 .setColumnFamilies(familyDescriptors) .build(); if (admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) { log.debug("table Exists!"); } else { admin.createTable(tableDescriptor); log.debug("create table Success!"); } } catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("创建表{0}失败",tableName),e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,null); } return true; } /** * 预分区创建表 * @param tableName 表名 * @param columnFamily 列族名的集合 * @param splitKeys 预分期region * @return 是否创建成功 */ public boolean createTableBySplitKeys(String tableName, List<String> columnFamily, byte[][] splitKeys) { Admin admin = null; try { if (StringUtils.isBlank(tableName) || columnFamily == null || columnFamily.size() == 0) { log.error("===Parameters tableName|columnFamily should not be null,Please check!==="); return false; } admin = connection.getAdmin(); if (admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) { return true; } else { List<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> familyDescriptors = new ArrayList<>(columnFamily.size()); for(String cf : columnFamily) { familyDescriptors.add(ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(cf)).build()); } TableDescriptor tableDescriptor = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(TableName.valueOf(tableName)).setColumnFamilies(familyDescriptors).build(); //指定splitkeys admin.createTable(tableDescriptor, splitKeys); log.info("===Create Table " + tableName + " Success!columnFamily:" + columnFamily.toString() + "==="); } } catch (IOException e) { log.error("",e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,null); } return true; } /** * 自定义获取分区splitKeys */ public static byte[][] getSplitKeys(String[] keys){ if(keys==null){ //默认为10个分区 keys = new String[] { "1|", "2|", "3|", "4|", "5|", "6|", "7|", "8|", "9|" }; } byte[][] splitKeys = new byte[keys.length][]; //升序排序 TreeSet<byte[]> rows = new TreeSet<byte[]>(Bytes.BYTES_COMPARATOR); for(String key : keys){ rows.add(Bytes.toBytes(key)); } Iterator<byte[]> rowKeyIter = rows.iterator(); int i=0; while (rowKeyIter.hasNext()) { byte[] tempRow = rowKeyIter.next(); rowKeyIter.remove(); splitKeys[i] = tempRow; i++; } return splitKeys; }
增加、跟新数据：
/** * 为表添加 or 更新数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 17:26 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @param familyName 列族名 * @param columns 列名数组 * @param values 列值得数组 */ public void putData(String tableName,String rowKey, String familyName, String[] columns, String[] values) { // 获取表 Table table= null; try { table=getTable(tableName); putDataIntoHbase(table,rowKey,tableName,familyName,columns,values); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("为表添加 or 更新数据失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName),e); }finally { close(null,null,table); } } /** * 为表添加 or 更新数据 -- 多列 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 17:26 * @since 1.0.0 * @param table Table * @param rowKey rowKey * @param tableName 表名 * @param familyName 列族名 * @param columns 列名数组 * @param values 列值得数组 */ private void putDataIntoHbase(Table table, String rowKey, String tableName, String familyName, String[] columns, String[] values) { try { //设置rowkey Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); if(columns != null && values != null && columns.length == values.length){ for(int i=0;i<columns.length;i++){ if(columns[i] != null && values[i] != null){ put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columns[i]), Bytes.toBytes(values[i])); }else{ throw new NullPointerException(MessageFormat.format("列名和列数据都不能为空,column:{0},value:{1}" ,columns[i],values[i])); } } } table.put(put); log.debug("putData add or update data Success,rowKey:" + rowKey); table.close(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("为表添加 or 更新数据失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName),e); } } /** * 为表的某个单元格赋值 -- 单列 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 10:20 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @param familyName 列族名 * @param column1 列名 * @param value1 列值 */ public void setColumnValue(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String column1, String value1){ Table table=null; try { // 获取表 table=getTable(tableName); // 设置rowKey Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(column1), Bytes.toBytes(value1)); table.put(put); log.debug("add data Success!"); }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("为表的某个单元格赋值失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2},column:{3}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName,column1),e); }finally { close(null,null,table); } }
删除数据：
/** * 删除指定的单元格 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 11:41 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @param familyName 列族名 * @param columnName 列名 * @return boolean */ public boolean deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName) { Table table=null; Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); if(admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) //判断表是存在的 { //获取表 table=getTable(tableName); Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); // 设置待删除的列 delete.addColumns(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName)); //精确到列名 table.delete(delete); log.debug(MessageFormat.format("familyName({0}):columnName({1})is deleted!",familyName,columnName)); } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("删除指定的列失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2},column:{3}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName,columnName),e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,table); } return true; } /** * 根据rowKey删除指定的行 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 13:26 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @return boolean */ public boolean deleteRow(String tableName, String rowKey) { Table table=null; Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); if(admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))){ // 获取表 table=getTable(tableName); Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); //精确到rowKey table.delete(delete); log.debug(MessageFormat.format("row({0}) is deleted!",rowKey)); } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("删除指定的行失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1}" ,tableName,rowKey),e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,table); } return true; } /** * 根据columnFamily删除指定的列族 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 13:26 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param columnFamily 列族 * @return boolean */ public boolean deleteColumnFamily(String tableName, String columnFamily) { Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); if(admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) { admin.deleteColumnFamily(TableName.valueOf(tableName), Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily)); //精确到表明中的列族名 log.debug(MessageFormat.format("familyName({0}) is deleted!",columnFamily)); } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("删除指定的列族失败,tableName:{0},columnFamily:{1}",tableName,columnFamily),e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,null); } return true; } /** * 删除表 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 18:02 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 */ public boolean deleteTable(String tableName){ Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); if(admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) { admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); //首先disable掉table admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); log.debug(tableName + "is deleted!"); } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("删除指定的表失败,tableName:{0}" ,tableName),e); return false; }finally { close(admin,null,null); } return true; }
查询数据：
/** * 获取table * @param tableName 表名 * @return Table * @throws IOException IOException */ private Table getTable(String tableName) throws IOException { return connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); } /** * 查询库中所有表的表名 */ public List<String> getAllTableNames() { List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(); Admin admin = null; try { admin = connection.getAdmin(); TableName[] tableNames = admin.listTableNames(); for(TableName tableName : tableNames) { result.add(tableName.getNameAsString()); } }catch (IOException e) { log.error("获取所有表的表名失败",e); }finally { close(admin,null,null); } return result; } /** * 遍历查询指定表中的所有数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScanner(String tableName){ Scan scan = new Scan(); return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 根据startRowKey和stopRowKey遍历查询指定表中的所有数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param startRowKey 起始rowKey * @param stopRowKey 结束rowKey * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScanner(String tableName, String startRowKey, String stopRowKey){ Scan scan = new Scan(); if(StringUtils.isNoneBlank(startRowKey) && StringUtils.isNoneBlank(stopRowKey)){ scan.withStartRow(Bytes.toBytes(startRowKey)); scan.withStopRow(Bytes.toBytes(stopRowKey)); } return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 通过行前缀过滤器查询数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param prefix 以prefix开始的行键 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScannerPrefixFilter(String tableName, String prefix){ Scan scan = new Scan(); if(StringUtils.isNoneBlank(prefix)){ Filter filter = new PrefixFilter(Bytes.toBytes(prefix)); scan.setFilter(filter); } return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 通过列前缀过滤器查询数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param prefix 以prefix开始的列名 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScannerColumnPrefixFilter(String tableName, String prefix){ Scan scan = new Scan(); if(StringUtils.isNoneBlank(prefix)){ Filter filter = new ColumnPrefixFilter(Bytes.toBytes(prefix)); scan.setFilter(filter); } return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 查询行键中包含特定字符的数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param keyword 包含指定关键词的行键 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScannerRowFilter(String tableName, String keyword){ Scan scan = new Scan(); if(StringUtils.isNoneBlank(keyword)){ Filter filter = new RowFilter(CompareOperator.GREATER_OR_EQUAL,new SubstringComparator(keyword)); scan.setFilter(filter); } return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 查询列名中包含特定字符的数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 18:21 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param keyword 包含指定关键词的列名 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ public Map<String,Map<String,String>> getResultScannerQualifierFilter(String tableName, String keyword){ Scan scan = new Scan(); if(StringUtils.isNoneBlank(keyword)){ Filter filter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOperator.GREATER_OR_EQUAL,new SubstringComparator(keyword)); scan.setFilter(filter); } return this.queryData(tableName,scan); } /** * 通过表名以及过滤条件查询数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 16:13 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param scan 过滤条件 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>> */ private Map<String,Map<String,String>> queryData(String tableName,Scan scan){ //<rowKey,对应的行数据> Map<String,Map<String,String>> result = new HashMap<>(); ResultScanner rs = null; // 获取表 Table table= null; try { table = getTable(tableName); rs = table.getScanner(scan); for (Result r : rs) { //每一行数据 Map<String,String> columnMap = new HashMap<>(); String rowKey = null; for (Cell cell : r.listCells()) { if(rowKey == null){ rowKey = Bytes.toString(cell.getRowArray(),cell.getRowOffset(),cell.getRowLength()); } columnMap.put(Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength()), Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())); } if(rowKey != null){ result.put(rowKey,columnMap); } } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("遍历查询指定表中的所有数据失败,tableName:{0}" ,tableName),e); }finally { close(null,rs,table); } return result; } /** * 根据tableName和rowKey精确查询一行的数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/3 16:07 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey 行键 * @return java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String> 返回一行的数据 */ public Map<String,String> getRowData(String tableName, String rowKey){ //返回的键值对 Map<String,String> result = new HashMap<>(); Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); // 获取表 Table table= null; try { table = getTable(tableName); Result hTableResult = table.get(get); //table通过封装rowKey的Get 获得具体的行 拿到 Cell if (hTableResult != null && !hTableResult.isEmpty()) { for (Cell cell : hTableResult.listCells()) { // System.out.println("family:" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamilyArray(), cell.getFamilyOffset(), cell.getFamilyLength())); // System.out.println("qualifier:" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength())); // System.out.println("value:" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())); // System.out.println("Timestamp:" + cell.getTimestamp()); // System.out.println("-------------------------------------------"); result.put(Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength()), Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())); } } }catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("查询一行的数据失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1}" ,tableName,rowKey),e); }finally { close(null,null,table); } return result; } /** * 根据tableName、rowKey、familyName、column查询指定单元格的数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 10:58 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @param familyName 列族名 * @param columnName 列名 * @return java.lang.String */ public String getColumnValue(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName){ String str = null; Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); // 获取表 Table table= null; try { table = getTable(tableName); Result result = table.get(get); if (result != null && !result.isEmpty()) { Cell cell = result.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName)); if(cell != null){ str = Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength()); } } } catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("查询指定单元格的数据失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2},columnName:{3}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName,columnName),e); }finally { close(null,null,table); } return str; } /** * 根据tableName、rowKey、familyName、column查询指定单元格多个版本的数据 * @author gxy * @date 2018/7/4 11:16 * @since 1.0.0 * @param tableName 表名 * @param rowKey rowKey * @param familyName 列族名 * @param columnName 列名 * @param versions 需要查询的版本数 * @return java.util.List<java.lang.String> */ public List<String> getColumnValuesByVersion(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName,int versions) { //返回数据 List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(versions); // 获取表 Table table= null; try { table = getTable(tableName); Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)); get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName)); //读取多少个版本 get.readVersions(versions); Result hTableResult = table.get(get); if (hTableResult != null && !hTableResult.isEmpty()) { for (Cell cell : hTableResult.listCells()) { result.add(Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())); } } } catch (IOException e) { log.error(MessageFormat.format("查询指定单元格多个版本的数据失败,tableName:{0},rowKey:{1},familyName:{2},columnName:{3}" ,tableName,rowKey,familyName,columnName),e); }finally { close(null,null,table); } return result; }
关闭流：
/** * 关闭流 */ private void close(Admin admin, ResultScanner rs, Table table) { if(admin != null){ try { admin.close(); //关闭 admin } catch (IOException e) { log.error("关闭Admin失败",e); } } if(rs != null){ //关闭 ResultScanner rs.close(); } if(table != null){ try { table.close(); //关闭 table } catch (IOException e) { log.error("关闭Table失败",e); } } }