• Python--"吊死鬼游戏"


    “吊死鬼”游戏其实时一个猜字游戏,很多人应该都玩过,大概规则是:一位玩家先选择一个单词,然后对应着单词的每个字母按照字母的个数画几条线,然后轮到其他玩家来猜这个词,玩家每次只能猜一个字母,如果猜的字母不在单词里,那么失去一些生命值,如果在单词里就在对应的线下面把字母写下来。

    用python来实现这个游戏,第一步,先要设置几个单词,然后让程序选择一个单词

    import random
    
    words = ["chicken", "dog", "cat", "mouse", "frog"]  #设置需要猜的词
    
    def pick_a_word():
        word_position = random.randint(0, len(words) - 1)   #随机数--单词所在的位置
        return words[word_position]   #选择单词
    
    print(word_position)

    关于random.randint(a, b),这个函数用于生成一个指定范围内的整数。其中参数a是下限,参数b是上限,生成的随机数n: a <= n <= b

    第二步,要让程序识别输入字母,然后判断是否正确,代码如下:

    import random
    
    words = ["chicken", "dog", "cat", "mouse", "frog"]  #设置需要猜的词
    lives_remaining = 14   #设置血量
    
    def pick_a_word():
        word_position = random.randint(0, len(words) - 1)
        return words[word_position]
    
    def play():
        word = pick_a_word()
        while True:
            guess = get_guess(word)
            if process_guess(guess, word):
                print('You win ! Well Done ! ')
                break
            if lives_remaining == 0:
                print('You are Hung! ')
                print('The word was: ' + word)
                break
    
    def get_guess(word):
        return 'a'
    
    def process_guess(guess, word):
        global lives_remaining
        lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
        return False
    
    play()

    来分析一下这段代码,首先定义一个列表来储存所要猜的单词,函数pick_a_word从列表中随机抽取一个单词,get_guess函数模拟玩家一直在猜“a”,process_guess假设玩家一直在猜错,这样lives_remaining就会减一,然后返回False,这样很快就用掉了14次机会

    一步一步来,来修改一下get_guess函数完善一下程序

    def get_guess(word):
        print('继续输入')
        print('剩余的机会还有' + str(lives_remaining) + '')
        guess = input('输入一个字母或者整个单词: ')
        return guess

      内建函数input用来把参数作为提示符,并输出显示,然后返回用户输入的值,python2里为raw_input

    下一步,创建一个print_word函数,用来显示一些类似m--u-e这样的信息,并修改一下之前的process_guess函数

    guessed_letters = ''
    def print_word(word):
        display_word = ''  
        for letter in word:
            if guessed_letters.find(letter) > -1:
                #字母在单词里
                display_word = display_word + letter
            else:
                display_word = display_word + '-'
        print(display_word)
    
    def process_guess(guess, word):
        global lives_remaining
        global guessed_letters
        lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
        guessed_letters = guessed_letters + guess
        return False

      内建函数find(),用来见此这个字母是否在guess_letters当中,如果不在里面,返回 -1 ,否则返回字母的位置

    分析一下,首先添加一个全局变量 guessed_letters,每次输入的字母都会添加到这个字符串中,然后在print_word函数中定义空字符串display_word,如果输入单词正确,就会添加到这个字符串中,否则添加“-”,把到现在写的程序整合一下,然后运行一下:

    现在看起来已经有模有样了,不过还要继续完善一下,现在还不能判断输赢

    玩家输入猜的单词时可以有两种情况,一、输入单个字母,二、输入整个单词,创建两个函数,分别处理输入单个字母和输入整个单词两种情况

    def whole_word_guess(guess, word):
        global lives_remaining
        if guess.lower() == word.lower():   #把输入的单词和需要猜的单词都转换为小写
            return True
        else:
            lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
            return False
    
    def single_letter_guess(guess, word):
        global guessed_letters
        global lives_remaining
        if word.find(guess) == -1:
            lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
        guessed_letters = guessed_letters + guess
        if all_letters_guessed(word):
            return True
    
    def all_letters_guessed(word):
        for letter in word:
            if guessed_letters.find(letter) == -1:
                return False
        return True

    分析一下两个函数,第一个whole_word_guess()用来处理用户输入整个单词,先把单词和输入单词转小写,如果输入单词和要猜的单词一致,返回真,否则次数 -1 ,返回假;第二个函数single_letter_guess()用来处理单个字母输入,首先查找guess是否存在于word里面,如果没有,次数-1,如果存在,不执行if语句里面的逻辑,把输入的字母存入guessed_letters,然后执行all_letters_guessed函数,这个函数的作用是用来查看guess_letters是否匹配word。

    接下来就该实现最后一步了,修改函数process_guess

    def process_guess(guess, word):
        if len(guess) > 1:
            return whole_word_guess(guess, word)
        else:
            return single_letter_guess(guess, word)

    当玩家输入的单词个数大于 1 时,认为输入的为单词,调用whole_word_guess()否则认为输入的为字母,调用single_letter_guess(),不存在输入多个单词的情况,否则就没意思了。

    整体代码:

    #hangman.py
    
    __author__ = 'guhao'
    import random
    words = ["chicken", "dog", "cat", "mouse", "frog"]  #设置需要猜的词
    lives_remaining = 14    #设置吊死鬼的血量,也就时一共可以猜错几次
    guessed_letters = ''
    
    def play():
        word = pick_a_word()
        while True:
            guess = get_guess(word)
            if process_guess(guess, word):
                print('你赢了 ! ')
                break
            if lives_remaining == 0:
                print('你被吊死了! ')
                print('''
                    -------------
                    |     |
                    |     O
                    |    /|\
                    |     |
                    |    / \
                    |
                ===================
                ''')
                print('这个单词是: ' + word)
                break
    
    def process_guess(guess, word):
        if len(guess) > 1:
            return whole_word_guess(guess, word)
        else:
            return single_letter_guess(guess, word)
    
    def pick_a_word():
        word_position = random.randint(0, len(words) - 1)
        return words[word_position]
    
    def get_guess(word):
        print_word(word)
        print('剩余的机会还有' + str(lives_remaining) + '')
        guess = input('输入一个字母或者整个单词: ')
        return guess
    
    def print_word(word):
        display_word = ''
        for letter in word:
            if guessed_letters.find(letter) > -1:
                #字母在单词里
                display_word = display_word + letter
            else:
                display_word = display_word + '-'
        print(display_word)
    
    def whole_word_guess(guess, word):
        global lives_remaining
        if guess.lower() == word.lower():   #把输入的单词和需要猜的单词都转换为小写
            return True
        else:
            lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
            return False
    
    def single_letter_guess(guess, word):
        global guessed_letters
        global lives_remaining
        if word.find(guess) == -1:
            lives_remaining = lives_remaining - 1
        guessed_letters = guessed_letters + guess
        if all_letters_guessed(word):
            return True
    
    def all_letters_guessed(word):
        for letter in word:
            if guessed_letters.find(letter) == -1:
                return False
        return True
    
    play()

    大概输出:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/guoguokexin/p/4398416.html
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