mysql 如何在虚拟机中创建多个实例并启动

多实例:
1)多个进程
2)多个线程
3)多个预分配的内存结构

多套配置文件:
多个端口
多套数据目录(--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data)
多个socket文件

四.mysql的多实例

1.创建多个配置文件目录
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/330{7..9}

[root@db01 ~]# tree /data/
/data/
├── 3307
├── 3308
└── 3309

[root@db01 ~]# ll /data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 9 09:59 3307
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 9 09:59 3308
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 9 09:59 3309

2.编辑多个配置文件
[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/3307/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
port=3307
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
server-id=7
log_error=/data/3307/data/mysql.err
pid=/data/3307/data/mysql.pid

========================================

[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/3308/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
server-id=8
log_error=/data/3308/data/mysql.err
pid=/data/3308/data/mysql.pid

=========================================

[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/3309/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
port=3309
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
server-id=9
log_error=/data/3309/data/mysql.err
pid=/data/3309/data/mysql.pid

2.进入初始化目录
[root@db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/

3.初始化多套数据目录
[root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data
[root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data
[root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data

[root@db01 scripts]# ll /data/330*
/data/3307:
total 4
drwx------. 5 mysql mysql 127 May 9 10:11 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 May 9 10:05 my.cnf

/data/3308:
total 4
drwx------. 5 mysql mysql 127 May 9 10:12 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 May 9 10:06 my.cnf

/data/3309:
total 4
drwx------. 5 mysql mysql 127 May 9 10:12 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 May 9 10:07 my.cnf

4.授权
[root@db01 scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/330*

5.启动mysql
[root@db01 scripts]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf &
[root@db01 scripts]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf &
[root@db01 scripts]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf &

6.检查端口
[root@db01 scripts]# netstat -lntup|grep 330
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 41108/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 42206/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3308 :::* LISTEN 42378/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3309 :::* LISTEN 42550/mysqld

7.检查进程
[root@db01 scripts]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root 40999 1 0 08:54 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/data/db01.pid
mysql 41108 40999 0 08:54 pts/0 00:00:03 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=db01.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.40/data/db01.pid
root 42056 7747 0 10:18 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
mysql 42206 42056 0 10:18 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3307/data/mysql.err --pid-file=db01.pid --socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307
root 42228 7747 0 10:18 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
mysql 42378 42228 4 10:18 pts/0 00:00:03 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3308/data/mysql.err --pid-file=db01.pid --socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock --port=3308
root 42379 7747 0 10:18 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
mysql 42550 42379 2 10:18 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3309/data/mysql.err --pid-file=db01.pid --socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock --port=3309
root 42577 7747 0 10:20 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

8.多实例设置密码
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password 3307
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password 3308
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/3309/mysql.sock password 3309

9.多实例连接
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p3307 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p3308 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p3309 -S /data/3309/mysql.sock

10.连接技巧
[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql3307
mysql -uroot -p3307 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql3308
mysql -uroot -p3308 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock

[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql3309
mysql -uroot -p3309 -S /data/3309/mysql.sock

[root@db01 ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql330*

11.停止mysql多实例
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p3307 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p3308 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p3309 -S /data/3309/mysql.sock shutdown

#重要 vim编辑器内修改数字
:%s#7#8#g
#重要 vim编辑器内修改数字

###重点! 如果在物理机上建议开启swap 虚拟内存, 但是在阿里云上或虚拟机上都是吧swap关闭的, 因为读取速度是非常慢的!!!!