文件下载需求
- 在页面中显示超链接
- 点击超链接后弹出下载提示框。
- 完成图片文件下载。
分析
步骤:
- 定义页面,编辑超链接href属性,指向Servlet,传递资源名称filename
- 定义Servlet
1. 获取文件名称。
2. 使用字节输入流加载文件进内存。
3. 指定response的响应头: content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx
4. 将数据写出到response输出流。
download.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/response/downLoadServlet?filename=九尾.jpg">图片下载</a>
<a href="/response/downLoadServlet?filename=1.mp4">视频下载</a>
</body>
</html>
DownLoadServlet.java
@WebServlet("/downLoadServlet")
public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取请求参数,文件名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
//2.使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
//2.1找到文件服务器路径
ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/image/" + filename);
//2.2用字节流关联
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//3.设置response的响应头
//3.1设置响应头类型:content-type
String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);//获取文件的mime类型
response.setHeader("content-type", mimeType);
//3.2设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition
response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//4.将输入流的数据写出到输出文件中
ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buff = new byte[1024 * 8];
int len = 0;
while ((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1) {
sos.write(buff, 0, len);
}
fis.close();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
效果展示
解决中文文件名无法显示问题
- 获取客户端使用的浏览器版本信息
- 根据不同的版本信息,设置filename的编码方式不同
使用DownLoadUtils.java
public class DownLoadUtils {
public static String getFileName(String agent, String filename) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {
// IE浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
filename = filename.replace("+", " ");
} else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {
// 火狐浏览器
BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
filename = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
} else {
// 其它浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
}
return filename;
}
}
修改DownLoadServlet.java
@WebServlet("/downLoadServlet")
public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取请求参数,文件名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
//2.使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
//2.1找到文件服务器路径
ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/image/" + filename);
//2.2用字节流关联
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//3.设置response的响应头
//3.1设置响应头类型:content-type
String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);//获取文件的mime类型
response.setHeader("content-type", mimeType);
//3.2设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition
//解决中文文件名问题
//1.获取user-agent请求头、
String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
//2.使用工具类方法编码文件名即可
filename = DownLoadUtils.getFileName(agent, filename);
response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//4.将输入流的数据写出到输出文件中
ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buff = new byte[1024 * 8];
int len = 0;
while ((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1) {
sos.write(buff, 0, len);
}
fis.close();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}