RMAN学习之三：归档模式有备份，丢失控制文件。

1、恢复之前必须知道目标数据库的DBID，多种方式可查。
（1）、语句查询

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

      DBID
----------
1299908003

（2）进入RMAN时，有提示。

[oracle@edrsr9p1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 11 11:28:22 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1299908003)

2、演示环境。

SQL> insert into stu values(4, 'dd');

SQL> select * from stu;

        ID NAME
---------- --------------------
         4 dd
         3 cc
         1 aa
         2 bb

3、删掉全部控制文件，启动数据库（NOMOUNT状态）。

[oracle@edrsr9p1 ~]$ rm -f /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control*;

SQL> startup;
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size             134219344 bytes
Database Buffers          146800640 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

4、恢复控制文件。

RMAN> set dbid = 1299908003

executing command: SET DBID

先前都是在nocatalog进行，信息都保存在控制文件，丢失相当于配置丢失，配置都恢复默认值。

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

恢复时候不能直接restore controlfile from autobackup，因为自动备份的设置丢了，此时无法配置CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP。选择显示指定备份集方式恢复控制文件。

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_11_11/o1_mf_s_799069140_89y7gp75_.bkp';

Starting restore at 2012-11-11 12:18:44
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=151 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 2012-11-11 12:18:45

数据库启起来。

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

只是丢失控制文件，数据文件还在，不需要修复，只需要执行recover，应用之后生成的重做日志。

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 2012-11-11 12:21:23
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 2012-11-11 12:21:23
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=151 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 2012-11-11 12:21:24

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 2012-11-11 12:21:24
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 2012-11-11 12:21:24

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_11_11/o1_mf_s_799069140_89y7gp75_.bkp

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=3
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 2012-11-11 12:21:28

打开数据库，通过备份的控制文件恢复，必须指定resetlogs。

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

5、检查数据。

SQL> select * from stu;

        ID NAME
---------- --------------------
         4 dd
         3 cc
         1 aa
         2 bb