简单范例
假设在web service中定义了一个数据查询的方法:
- [WebMethod]
- public DataSet ExecuteQuery(string SQL)
- {
- using (OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(connstrSQL))
- {
- try
- {
- conn.Open();
- OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql,conn);
- OracleDataAdapter ada = new OracleDataAdapter(cmd);
- DataSet ds = new DataSet();
- ada.Fill(ds);
- return ds;
- }
- catch (OracleException ex)
- {
- throw new Exception(ex.Message);
- }
- finally
- {
- conn.Close();
- }
- }
客户端:
- ///说明:
- ///panel1中放置了动态加载字样的图 片等
- ///
- public partial class frmStock : Form
- {
- Service.MyService w = new Service.MyService(); //调用web service
- public frmStock()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void frmStock_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- //添加异步方法执行后触发事件
- w.ExecuteQueryCompleted += new WMS.ExecuteQueryCompletedEventHandler(w_ExecuteQueryCompleted);
- }
- private void btnFind_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- string sql = "select * from test";
- w.ExecuteQueryAsync(sql); //调用对应异步方法
- ChangeStatus(true);
- }
- void w_ExecuteQueryCompleted(object sender, WMS.ExecuteQueryCompletedEventArgs e)
- {
简单范例
假设在web service中定义了一个数据查询的方法:
- [WebMethod]
- public DataSet ExecuteQuery(string SQL)
- {
- using (OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(connstrSQL))
- {
- try
- {
- conn.Open();
- OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(sql,conn);
- OracleDataAdapter ada = new OracleDataAdapter(cmd);
- DataSet ds = new DataSet();
- ada.Fill(ds);
- return ds;
- }
- catch (OracleException ex)
- {
- throw new Exception(ex.Message);
- }
- finally
- {
- conn.Close();
- }
- }
客户端:
- ///说明:
- ///panel1中放置了动态加载字样的图 片等
- ///
- public partial class frmStock : Form
- {
- Service.MyService w = new Service.MyService(); //调用web service
- public frmStock()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void frmStock_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- //添加异步方法执行后触发事件
- w.ExecuteQueryCompleted += new WMS.ExecuteQueryCompletedEventHandler(w_ExecuteQueryCompleted);
- }
- private void btnFind_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- string sql = "select * from test";
- w.ExecuteQueryAsync(sql); //调用对应异步方法
- ChangeStatus(true);
- }
- void w_ExecuteQueryCompleted(object sender, WMS.ExecuteQueryCompletedEventArgs e)
- {
- DataTable dt= e.Result.Tables[0]; //获得执行结果 e
- ChangeStatus(false);
- if (dt.Rows.Count <= 0)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("没有数据", "information", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
- return;
- }
- gvshow.AutoGenerateColumns = false;
- gvshow.DataSource = dt;
- }
- private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- this.Close();
- }
- private void ChangeStatus(bool sign)
- {
- panel1.Visible = sign;
- }
- }
- /// <remarks/>
- public event HelloWorldCompletedEventHandler HelloWorldCompleted;
- /// <remarks/>
- public event showInfoCompletedEventHandler showInfoCompleted;
- /// <remarks/>
- [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld", RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)]
- public string HelloWorld() {
- object[] results = this.Invoke("HelloWorld", new object[0]);
- return ((string)(results[0]));
- }
- /// <remarks/>
- public System.IAsyncResult BeginHelloWorld(System.AsyncCallback callback, object asyncState) {
- return this.BeginInvoke("HelloWorld", new object[0], callback, asyncState);
- }
- /// <remarks/>
- public string EndHelloWorld(System.IAsyncResult asyncResult)
- {
- object[] results = this.EndInvoke(asyncResult);
- return ((string)(results[0]));
- }
- /// <remarks/>
- public void HelloWorldAsync() {
- this.HelloWorldAsync(null);
- }
- /// <remarks/>
- public void HelloWorldAsync(object userState) {
- if ((this.HelloWorldOperationCompleted == null)) {
- this.HelloWorldOperationCompleted = new System.Threading.SendOrPostCallback(this.OnHelloWorldOperationCompleted);
- }
- this.InvokeAsync("HelloWorld", new object[0], this.HelloWorldOperationCompleted, userState);
- }
- private void OnHelloWorldOperationCompleted(object arg) {
- if ((this.HelloWorldCompleted != null)) {
- System.Web.Services.Protocols.InvokeCompletedEventArgs invokeArgs = ((System.Web.Services.Protocols.InvokeCompletedEventArgs)(arg));
- this.HelloWorldCompleted(this, new HelloWorldCompletedEventArgs(invokeArgs.Results, invokeArgs.Error, invokeArgs.Cancelled, invokeArgs.UserState));
- }
- }
- /// <remarks/>
这样,可以
1.避免了假死现象
2.可以提供友好的用户体验
实现原理
web service 发布后,客户端添加引用,之后vs实际上在此时已经在后台生成本地代理类。之后看起来像是对web service的操作,实际上是对本地代理类的操作。代理类中处理网路访问逻辑,客户端的使用就象操作本地类一样简单便捷。
客户端发出web service请求后,请求到达代理类,代理类处理请求从服务端获得SOAP数据包,而后进行数据处理后转发客户端。此中间涉及到的关于 SOAP,WSDL等定义,简单的可以理解为:SOAP中定义了传输数据类型的格式和规则,而WSDL则以XML的形式定义了web service的消息和有关操作,通过http传输协议进行数据传输...
那么代理类中到底如何定义的呢?
我们可以通过自定义代理类的方式来分析代理类的详细信息。
1.首先创建web service:Service.asmx
2.IIS中建立虚拟目录并发布
3.通过WSDL.exe工具生成代理类。
打开SDK命令提示窗口,如下作业:
d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio
8\SDK\v2.0>wsdl http://localhost/Serve/Service.asmx?wsdl
Microsoft
(R) Web Services Description Language Utility
[Microsoft (R) .NET
Framework, Version 2.0.50727.42]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
All rights reserved.
Writing file 'd:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual
Studio 8\SDK\v2.0\Service.cs'.
其中service.cs就是生成的代理类,打开可见,其中涉及到异步方法,事件的生成。(部分代码 如下)
4.通过csc命令把service.cs生成为dll文件
5.在专案中添加对此dll的引用
6.这样对此dll的应用实际上就是通过这个代理类访问我们发布的web service.
设计模式的应用
此种方式的实现,在设计模式中就是有名的“代理模式”的实现方式。