http://help.aliyun.com/origin?helpId=271
查看已挂在磁盘使用情况 df -h
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 20G 1.2G 18G 6% / tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /dev/shm
查看磁盘，包括未挂在的，个人理解的是磁盘的个数。
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073f45 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
创建分区
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x8121207b. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): 2610 Command (m for help): wq The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]#
查看新分区
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073f45 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x8121207b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]#
格式化分区
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/xvdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks 262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 160 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]#
添加新分区
使用下列命令挂在新分区后，挂在信息会追加到/etc/fstab文件中，以后在系统重启之后不需要重新挂在，如果用mount命令挂在，系统在下次启动时不会自动挂在新分区。
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# echo '/dev/xvdb1 /mnt/xvdb1 ext3 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Mon Dec 17 09:06:53 2012 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=887b0b9e-449b-414e-a11d-cd94093e3fe1 / ext3 defaults 1 1 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 xenfs /proc/xen xenfs defaults 0 0 /dev/xvdb1 /mnt/xvdb1 ext3 defaults 0 0 [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]#
使/etc/fstab文件立刻生效，执行命令：
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# mount -a
如果文件夹/mnt/xvdb1不存在，需要手动创建
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# mkdir /mnt/xvdb1
使用df -h查看
[root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 20G 1.2G 18G 6% / tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /dev/shm /dev/xvdb1 20G 173M 19G 1% /mnt/xvdb1 [root@AY121110111722e1c8917 ~]#