Mybatis关联查询之一对多和多对一XML配置详解
2017年12月21日 10:53:05 esinsis 阅读数：72642
平时在开发过程中dao、bean和XML文件都是自动生成的，很少写XML的配置关系，今天记录一下mybatis的关联查询中的多对一和一对多的情况。
- 首先是有两张表(学生表Student和老师Teacher表)，为了更易懂，这里只设置了最简单的几个必要字段。表结构如下图
Student表：
Teacher表：
- 创建实体bean
Teacher.java:
import java.util.List;
/**
* TODO
* @version 创建时间：2017年12月21日 上午9:02:45
*/
public class Teacher {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String className;
private List<Student> students;
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getClassName() {
return className;
}
public void setClassName(String className) {
this.className = className;
}
}Sfudent.java
/**
* TODO
*
* @author 作者 E-mail:2332999366@qq.com
* @version 创建时间：2017年12月21日 上午9:01:17
*/
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer teacherId;
private String className;
private Teacher teacher;
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getTeacherId() {
return teacherId;
}
public void setTeacherId(Integer teacherId) {
this.teacherId = teacherId;
}
public String getClassName() {
return className;
}
public void setClassName(String className) {
this.className = className;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{id:"+this.id+",name:"+this.name+",className:"+this.className+",teacherId:"+this.teacherId+"}";
}
}
- 下面重点来了：配置Mapper.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.tz.mybatis.dao.studentDao">
<!-- /////////////////////////////////一对多的第一种写法，一般考虑到性能问题，不会这么实现//////////////////////// -->
<resultMap type="Teacher" id="teacherMap">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
<collection property="students" ofType="Student" column="id">
<id column="sid" property="id"/><!-- 这里的column对应的是下面查询的别名，而不是表字段名 -->
<result column="sname" property="name"/><!-- property对应JavaBean中的属性名 -->
<result column="className" property="className"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有的老师级各自的所有学生 -->
<select id="getTeachers" parameterType="Teacher" resultMap="teacherMap">
SELECT
t.id,
t.NAME,
t.class_Name,
s.id AS sid,
s. NAME AS sname,
s.class_name as className
FROM
teacher t
LEFT JOIN student s ON t.id = s.teacher_id
</select>
</mapper>
- 测试类：
package com.tz.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.tz.mybatis.bean.Student;
import com.tz.mybatis.bean.Teacher;
public class TeacherTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
@Test
public void getTeachers() {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
List<Teacher> list = session.selectList("com.tz.mybatis.dao.studentDao.getTeachers");
System.out.println(list);
}
}下面给出第二种写法：
<!-- //////////////////////////////////////////////一对多的第二种写法///////////////////////////////////////////////////// -->
<resultMap type="Teacher" id="teacherMaps">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
<result column="class_name" property="className"/>
<collection property="students" ofType="Student" select="getStudents" column="id">
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有的老师级各自的所有学生 -->
<select id="getAllTeacher" parameterType="Teacher" resultMap="teacherMaps">
SELECT
t.id,
t.NAME,
t.class_name
FROM
teacher t
</select>
<select id="getStudents" parameterType="int" resultType="Student">
select
s.id,
s. NAME,
s.class_name as className
from student s
where teacher_id = #{id}
</select>
测试类：
@Test
public void getTeachers2() {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
List<Teacher> list = session.selectList("com.tz.mybatis.dao.studentDao.getAllTeacher");
System.out.println(list);
}查询学生信息(多对一)：
首先还是配置文件：
<resultMap type="Student" id="studentMap">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
<result column="class_name" property="className"/>
<result column="teacher_id" property="teacherId"/>
<association property="teacher" select="getTeacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="Teacher">
<!-- 这里要注意的是column对应的是student中的外键，而且需是表字段名 -->
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="studentMap">
SELECT
s.id,
s.name,
s.class_name,
s.teacher_id
FROM
student s
</select>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher" parameterType="int">
SELECT
t.id,
t.name,
t.class_name as className
FROM teacher t
where id = #{teacher_id}
</select>
测试类：
@Test
public void getStudents() {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
List<Student> list = session.selectList("com.tz.mybatis.dao.studentDao.getStudent");
System.out.println(list);
}
最后：当然如果不想配置这么麻烦的信息，可以直接写一个关联查询的SQL语句，返回结果直接由Map接受即可。不过这样就不太符合面向对象的理念了。