• HTML5 Web socket和socket.io


    HTML5的新特性,用于双向推送消息(例如网页聊天,手机推送消息等)

      原理:

    1. client利用regular http请求webpage
    2. 请求的webpage 执行javascript脚本,open a connection to server.
    3. 有新的信息时服务器和客户端可以相互发送信息(Real-time traffic from the server to the client and from the client to the server

      HTML5 WebSockets

     

    客户端


      说明:

      readyState:

    CONNECTING (0):表示还没建立连接;
    OPEN (1): 已经建立连接,可以进行通讯;
    CLOSING (2):通过关闭握手,正在关闭连接;
    CLOSED (3):连接已经关闭或无法打开;

      

      url: WebSocket 服务器的网络地址,协议通常是”ws”或“wss(加密通信)”,

      事件:

    • send:向服务器端发送数据
    • close 方法就是关闭连接;
    • onopen连接建立,即握手成功触发的事件;
    • onmessage收到服务器消息时触发的事件;
    • onerror异常触发的事件;

     

      使用例子:

    // 创建一个Socket实例
    var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080"); 
    
    // 打开Socket 
    socket.onopen = function(event) { 
    
      // 发送一个初始化消息
      socket.send("I am the client and I"m listening!"); 
    
      // 监听消息
      socket.onmessage = function(event) { 
        console.log("Client received a message",event); 
      }; 
    
      // 监听Socket的关闭
      socket.onclose = function(event) { 
        console.log("Client notified socket has closed",event); 
      }; 
    
      // 关闭Socket.... 
      //socket.close() 
    };

    服务器端

     

    jWebSocket (Java)
    web-socket-ruby (ruby)
    Socket IO-node (node.js)

     

    下面以socket.io说明,环境说明:(node.js安装见 http://www.cnblogs.com/wishyouhappy/p/3647037.html)

    1. 安装socket.io

         npm install -g socket.io

      2.使用require引入http和socket.io

    var http = require("http");
    var io= require("socket.io"); 

      3.创建server

    var server = http.createServer(function(request, response){
        response.writeHead(200,{"Content-Type":"text/html"});
        response.write("WebSocket Start~~~~~~~~~~~~");
        response.end("");
    }).listen(8000);

     4.监听

    var socket= io.listen(server); 

     5.例子:

    var http = require("http");
    var io= require("socket.io"); 
    var server = http.createServer(function(request, response){
        response.writeHead(200,{"Content-Type":"text/html"});
        response.write("WebSocket Start~~~~~~~~~~~~");
        response.end("");
    }).listen(8000);
    
    var socket= io.listen(server); 
    
    // 添加一个连接监听器
    socket.on("connection", function(client){ 
    
      client.on("message",function(event){ 
        console.log("Received message from client!",event); 
      }); 
      client.on("disconnect",function(){ 
        clearInterval(interval); 
        console.log("Server has disconnected"); 
      }); 
    });

    数据发送两种方式send和emit

     

    使用send和emit都可以发送数据,但是emit可以自定义事件,如下:

    emit:


    //服务器

    socket.on("connection", function(client){ 
      client.on("message",function(event){ 
        client.emit("emitMessage", { hello: "messgge received, wish you happy"+new Date().toString() });
      }); 
     
    });


    //客户端
    socket.on("emitMessage",function(data) { 
      document.getElementById("result").innerHTML+=data.hello + "<br />";
     
    });



    send:


    //服务器

    socket.on("connection", function(client){ 
      client.send("hello, I am the server");
    });


    //客户端
    socket.on("message",function(data) { 
      document.getElementById("result").innerHTML+=data + "<br />";
     
    });



     
    实例:(socket.io)

     

    客户端:


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    <style>
    div{
        border-radius: 10px;
        border: 2px solid pink;
        800px;
    }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1></h1>
    <div id="result"></div>
    <script src="http://localhost:8000/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>
    <script>
    //创建Socket.IO实例,建立连接

    var socket = io.connect("http://localhost:8000");

    // 添加一个连接监听器
    socket.on("connect",function() { 
      console.log("Client has connected to the server!"); 
    });

    // 添加一个连接监听器
    socket.on("message",function(data) { 
      document.getElementById("result").innerHTML+=data + "<br />";
     
    });
    socket.on("emitMessage",function(data) { 
      document.getElementById("result").innerHTML+=data.hello + "<br />";
     
    });

    // 添加一个关闭连接的监听器
    socket.on("disconnect",function() { 
      console.log("The client has disconnected!"); 
    }); 

    // 通过Socket发送一条消息到服务器
    function sendMessageToServer(message) { 
      socket.send(message); 
    }
    var date = new Date();
    var ms="Time: "+date.toString()+"Today is a nice day, wish you happy";
    setInterval("sendMessageToServer(ms)",1000);
    </script>

    </body>
    </html>



    服务器:


    var http = require("http");
    var io= require("socket.io"); 
    var server = http.createServer(function(request, response){
        response.writeHead(200,{"Content-Type":"text/html"});
        response.write("WebSocket Start~~~~~~~~~~~~");
        response.end("");
    }).listen(8000);

    var socket= io.listen(server); 

    // 添加一个连接监听器
    socket.on("connection", function(client){ 

      client.on("message",function(event){ 
        console.log("Received message from client!",event); 
        client.emit("emitMessage", { hello: "messgge received, wish you happy"+new Date().toString() });
      }); 
      client.on("disconnect",function(){ 
       // clearInterval(interval); 
        console.log("Server has disconnected"); 
      }); 
      client.send("hello, I am the server");
    });



    结果:

    客户端:

    服务器端:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/goodbeypeterpan/p/4398474.html
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