H.264格式的视频打包成RTP后进行发送，编译环境为VC6++
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <memory.h> #include <winsock2.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> #define PACKET_BUFFER_END (unsigned int)0x00000000 #define MAX_RTP_PKT_LENGTH 1400 #define DEST_IP "127.0.0.1" #define DEST_PORT 1234 #define H264 96 FILE *bits = NULL; //!< the bit stream file typedef struct { /**//* byte 0 */ unsigned char csrc_len:4; /**//* expect 0 */ unsigned char extension:1; /**//* expect 1, see RTP_OP below */ unsigned char padding:1; /**//* expect 0 */ unsigned char version:2; /**//* expect 2 */ /**//* byte 1 */ unsigned char payload:7; /**//* RTP_PAYLOAD_RTSP */ unsigned char marker:1; /**//* expect 1 */ /**//* bytes 2, 3 */ unsigned short seq_no; /**//* bytes 4-7 */ unsigned long timestamp; /**//* bytes 8-11 */ unsigned long ssrc; /**//* stream number is used here. */ } RTP_FIXED_HEADER; typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char NRI:2; unsigned char F:1; } NALU_HEADER; /**//* 1 BYTES */ typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char NRI:2; unsigned char F:1; } FU_INDICATOR; /**//* 1 BYTES */ typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char R:1; unsigned char E:1; unsigned char S:1; } FU_HEADER; /**//* 1 BYTES */ typedef struct { int startcodeprefix_len; //! 4 for parameter sets and first slice in picture, 3 for everything else (suggested) unsigned int len; //! Length of the NAL unit (Excluding the start code, which does not belong to the NALU) unsigned int max_size; //! Nal Unit Buffer size int forbidden_bit; //! should be always FALSE int nal_reference_idc; //! NALU_PRIORITY_xxxx int nal_unit_type; //! NALU_TYPE_xxxx char *buf; //! contains the first byte followed by the EBSP unsigned short lost_packets; //! true, if packet loss is detected } NALU_t; //查找开始字符0x000001 static int FindStartCode2 (unsigned char *Buf) { if(Buf[0]!=0 || Buf[1]!=0 || Buf[2] !=1) return 0; //判断是否为0x000001,如果是返回1 else return 1; } //查找开始字符0x00000001 static int FindStartCode3 (unsigned char *Buf) { if(Buf[0]!=0 || Buf[1]!=0 || Buf[2] !=0 || Buf[3] !=1) return 0;//判断是否为0x00000001,如果是返回1 else return 1; } //为NALU_t结构体分配内存空间 NALU_t *AllocNALU(int buffersize) { NALU_t *n; if ((n = (NALU_t*)calloc (1, sizeof (NALU_t))) == NULL) { printf("AllocNALU: n"); exit(0); } n->max_size=buffersize; if ((n->buf = (char*)calloc (buffersize, sizeof (char))) == NULL) { free (n); printf ("AllocNALU: n->buf"); exit(0); } return n; } //释放 void FreeNALU(NALU_t *n) { if (n) { if (n->buf) { free(n->buf); n->buf=NULL; } free (n); } } //打开二进制文件串流 void OpenBitstreamFile (char *fn) { if (NULL == (bits=fopen(fn, "rb"))) { printf("open file error "); exit(0); } } //这个函数输入为一个NAL结构体，主要功能为得到一个完整的NALU并保存在NALU_t的buf中，获取他的长度，填充F,IDC,TYPE位。 //并且返回两个开始字符之间间隔的字节数，即包含有前缀的NALU的长度 int GetAnnexbNALU (NALU_t *nalu) { int pos = 0; int StartCodeFound, rewind; unsigned char *Buf; int info2=0, info3=0; if ((Buf = (unsigned char*)calloc (nalu->max_size , sizeof(char))) == NULL) printf ("GetAnnexbNALU: Could not allocate Buf memory "); nalu->startcodeprefix_len=3;//初始化码流序列的开始字符为3个字节 if (3 != fread (Buf, 1, 3, bits))//从码流中读3个字节 { free(Buf); return 0; } info2 = FindStartCode2 (Buf);//判断是否为0x000001 if(info2 != 1) //如果不是，再读一个字节 { if(1 != fread(Buf+3, 1, 1, bits))//读一个字节 { free(Buf); return 0; } info3 = FindStartCode3 (Buf);//判断是否为0x00000001 if (info3 != 1)//如果不是，返回-1 { free(Buf); return -1; } else { //如果是0x00000001,得到开始前缀为4个字节 pos = 4; nalu->startcodeprefix_len = 4; } } else { //如果是0x000001,得到开始前缀为3个字节 nalu->startcodeprefix_len = 3; pos = 3; } //查找下一个开始字符的标志位 StartCodeFound = 0; info2 = 0; info3 = 0; while (!StartCodeFound) { if (feof (bits))//判断是否到了文件尾 { nalu->len = (pos-1)-nalu->startcodeprefix_len; memcpy (nalu->buf, &Buf[nalu->startcodeprefix_len], nalu->len); nalu->forbidden_bit = nalu->buf[0] & 0x80; //1 bit nalu->nal_reference_idc = nalu->buf[0] & 0x60; // 2 bit nalu->nal_unit_type = (nalu->buf[0]) & 0x1f;// 5 bit free(Buf); return pos-1; } Buf[pos++] = fgetc (bits);//读一个字节到BUF中 info3 = FindStartCode3(&Buf[pos-4]);//判断是否为0x00000001 if(info3 != 1) info2 = FindStartCode2(&Buf[pos-3]);//判断是否为0x000001 StartCodeFound = (info2 == 1 || info3 == 1); } // Here, we have found another start code (and read length of startcode bytes more than we should // have. Hence, go back in the file rewind = (info3 == 1)? -4 : -3; if (0 != fseek (bits, rewind, SEEK_CUR))//把文件指针指向前一个NALU的末尾 { free(Buf); printf("GetAnnexbNALU: Cannot fseek in the bit stream file"); } // Here the Start code, the complete NALU, and the next start code is in the Buf. // The size of Buf is pos, pos+rewind are the number of bytes excluding the next // start code, and (pos+rewind)-startcodeprefix_len is the size of the NALU excluding the start code nalu->len = (pos+rewind)-nalu->startcodeprefix_len; //得到一个NAL单元长度 memcpy (nalu->buf, &Buf[nalu->startcodeprefix_len], nalu->len);//拷贝一个完整NALU，不拷贝起始前缀0x000001或0x00000001 nalu->forbidden_bit = nalu->buf[0] & 0x80; //1 bit nalu->nal_reference_idc = nalu->buf[0] & 0x60; // 2 bit nalu->nal_unit_type = (nalu->buf[0]) & 0x1f;// 5 bit free(Buf); return (pos+rewind);//返回两个开始字符之间间隔的字节数，即包含有前缀的NALU的长度 } //输出NALU长度和TYPE void dump(NALU_t *n) { if (!n) return; printf(" len: %d ", n->len); printf("nal_unit_type: %x ", n->nal_unit_type); } RTP_FIXED_HEADER *rtp_hdr; NALU_HEADER *nalu_hdr; FU_INDICATOR *fu_ind; FU_HEADER *fu_hdr; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { WSADATA Ws; NALU_t *n; char* nalu_payload; char sendbuf[1500]; unsigned short seq_num =0; int bytes=0; int sockfd; struct sockaddr_in serv_addr; //int len =sizeof(serv_addr); float framerate=15; unsigned int timestamp_increse=0,ts_current=0; timestamp_increse=(unsigned int)(90000.0 / framerate); //+0.5); OpenBitstreamFile("./test.264");//打开264文件，并将文件指针赋给bits,在此修改文件名实现打开别的264文件。 //Init Windows Socket if ( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &Ws) != 0 ) { printf("Init Windows Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) == -1) { perror("socket"); exit(1); } /*设置socketaddr_in结构体中相关参数*/ serv_addr.sin_family=AF_INET; serv_addr.sin_port=htons(DEST_PORT); serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(DEST_IP); /*调用connect函数主动发起对服务器端的连接*/ if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))== -1) { perror("connect"); exit(1); } n = AllocNALU(8000000);//为结构体nalu_t及其成员buf分配空间。返回值为指向nalu_t存储空间的指针 while(!feof(bits)) { GetAnnexbNALU(n);//每执行一次，文件的指针指向本次找到的NALU的末尾，下一个位置即为下个NALU的起始码0x000001 dump(n);//输出NALU长度和TYPE memset(sendbuf,0,1500);//清空sendbuf；此时会将上次的时间戳清空，因此需要ts_current来保存上次的时间戳值 //rtp固定包头，为12字节,该句将sendbuf[0]的地址赋给rtp_hdr，以后对rtp_hdr的写入操作将直接写入sendbuf。 rtp_hdr =(RTP_FIXED_HEADER*)&sendbuf[0]; //设置RTP HEADER￡ rtp_hdr->payload = H264; //负载类型号 rtp_hdr->version = 2; //版本号，此版本固定为2 rtp_hdr->marker = 0; //标志位，由具体协议规定其值。 rtp_hdr->ssrc = htonl(10); //随机指定为10，并且在本RTP会话中全局唯一 // 当一个NALU小于1400字节的时候，采用一个单RTP包发送 if(n->len<=1400) { //设置rtp M 位； rtp_hdr->marker=1; rtp_hdr->seq_no = htons(seq_num ++); //序列号，每发送一个RTP包增1 //设置NALU HEADER,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[12] nalu_hdr =(NALU_HEADER*)&sendbuf[12]; //将sendbuf[12]的地址赋给nalu_hdr，之后对nalu_hdr的写入就将写入sendbuf中； nalu_hdr->F=n->forbidden_bit; nalu_hdr->NRI=n->nal_reference_idc>>5; //有效数据在n->nal_reference_idc的第6，7位，需要右移5位才能将其值赋给nalu_hdr->NRI。 nalu_hdr->TYPE=n->nal_unit_type; nalu_payload=&sendbuf[13]; //同理将sendbuf[13]赋给nalu_payload memcpy(nalu_payload,n->buf+1,n->len-1); //去掉nalu头的nalu剩余内容写入sendbuf[13]开始的字符串。 ts_current=ts_current+timestamp_increse; rtp_hdr->timestamp=htonl(ts_current); bytes=n->len + 12 ; //获得sendbuf的长度,为nalu的长度（包含NALU头但除去起始前缀）加上rtp_header的固定长度12字节 send( sockfd, sendbuf, bytes, 0 ); //发送rtp包 // Sleep(100); } else if(n->len>1400) { //得到该nalu需要用多少长度为1400字节的RTP包来发送 int k=0,l=0; int t=0; //用于指示当前发送的是第几个分片RTP包 k=n->len/1400; //需要k个1400字节的RTP包 l=n->len%1400; //最后一个RTP包的需要装载的字节数 ts_current=ts_current+timestamp_increse; rtp_hdr->timestamp=htonl(ts_current); while(t<=k) { rtp_hdr->seq_no = htons(seq_num ++); //序列号，每发送一个RTP包增1 if(!t)//发送一个需要分片的NALU的第一个分片，置FU HEADER的S位 { //设置rtp M 位； rtp_hdr->marker=0; //设置FU INDICATOR,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[12] fu_ind =(FU_INDICATOR*)&sendbuf[12]; //将sendbuf[12]的地址赋给fu_ind，之后对fu_ind的写入就将写入sendbuf中； fu_ind->F=n->forbidden_bit; fu_ind->NRI=n->nal_reference_idc>>5; fu_ind->TYPE=28; //设置FU HEADER,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[13] fu_hdr =(FU_HEADER*)&sendbuf[13]; fu_hdr->E=0; fu_hdr->R=0; fu_hdr->S=1; fu_hdr->TYPE=n->nal_unit_type; nalu_payload=&sendbuf[14]; //同理将sendbuf[14]赋给nalu_payload memcpy(nalu_payload,n->buf+1,1400); //去掉NALU头 bytes=1400+14; //获得sendbuf的长度,为nalu的长度（除去起始前缀和NALU头）加上rtp_header，fu_ind，fu_hdr的固定长度14字节 send( sockfd, sendbuf, bytes, 0 ); //发送rtp包 t++; } //发送一个需要分片的NALU的非第一个分片，清零FU HEADER的S位，如果该分片是该NALU的最后一个分片，置FU HEADER的E位 else if(k==t)//发送的是最后一个分片，注意最后一个分片的长度可能超过1400字节（当l>1386时）。 { rtp_hdr->marker=1; //设置rtp M 位；当前传输的是最后一个分片时该位置1 //设置FU INDICATOR,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[12] fu_ind =(FU_INDICATOR*)&sendbuf[12]; //将sendbuf[12]的地址赋给fu_ind，之后对fu_ind的写入就将写入sendbuf中； fu_ind->F=n->forbidden_bit; fu_ind->NRI=n->nal_reference_idc>>5; fu_ind->TYPE=28; //设置FU HEADER,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[13] fu_hdr =(FU_HEADER*)&sendbuf[13]; fu_hdr->R=0; fu_hdr->S=0; fu_hdr->TYPE=n->nal_unit_type; fu_hdr->E=1; nalu_payload=&sendbuf[14]; //同理将sendbuf[14]的地址赋给nalu_payload memcpy(nalu_payload,n->buf+t*1400+1,l-1);//将nalu最后剩余的l-1(去掉了一个字节的NALU头)字节内容写入sendbuf[14]开始的字符串。 bytes=l-1+14; //获得sendbuf的长度,为剩余nalu的长度l-1加上rtp_header，FU_INDICATOR,FU_HEADER三个包头共14字节 send( sockfd, sendbuf, bytes, 0 ); //发送rtp包 t++; // Sleep(100); } else if(t<k&&0!=t) { //设置rtp M 位； rtp_hdr->marker=0; //设置FU INDICATOR,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[12] fu_ind =(FU_INDICATOR*)&sendbuf[12]; //将sendbuf[12]的地址赋给fu_ind，之后对fu_ind的写入就将写入sendbuf中； fu_ind->F=n->forbidden_bit; fu_ind->NRI=n->nal_reference_idc>>5; fu_ind->TYPE=28; //设置FU HEADER,并将这个HEADER填入sendbuf[13] fu_hdr =(FU_HEADER*)&sendbuf[13]; //fu_hdr->E=0; fu_hdr->R=0; fu_hdr->S=0; fu_hdr->E=0; fu_hdr->TYPE=n->nal_unit_type; nalu_payload=&sendbuf[14]; //同理将sendbuf[14]的地址赋给nalu_payload memcpy(nalu_payload,n->buf+t*1400+1,1400); //去掉起始前缀的nalu剩余内容写入sendbuf[14]开始的字符串。 bytes=1400+14; //获得sendbuf的长度,为nalu的长度（除去原NALU头）加上rtp_header，fu_ind，fu_hdr的固定长度14字节 send( sockfd, sendbuf, bytes, 0 ); //发送rtp包 t++; } } } } send( sockfd, "over",4, 0 );//发送结束标志 FreeNALU(n); closesocket(sockfd); WSACleanup(); return 0; }
接收RTP包后，将其保存为H.264格式的视频，编译环境为VC6++
// NALDecoder.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <memory.h> #include <winsock2.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> #define MAXDATASIZE 1500 #define PORT 1234 #define BUFFER_SIZE 10 FILE * poutfile = NULL; char * outputfilename = "./receive.264"; typedef struct { unsigned char version; //!< Version, 2 bits, MUST be 0x2 unsigned char padding; //!< Padding bit, Padding MUST NOT be used unsigned char extension; //!< Extension, MUST be zero unsigned char cc; //!< CSRC count, normally 0 in the absence of RTP mixers unsigned char marker; //!< Marker bit unsigned char pt; //!< 7 bits, Payload Type, dynamically established unsigned int seq_no; //!< RTP sequence number, incremented by one for each sent packet unsigned int timestamp; //!< timestamp, 27 MHz for H.264 unsigned int ssrc; //!< Synchronization Source, chosen randomly unsigned char * payload; //!< the payload including payload headers unsigned int paylen; //!< length of payload in bytes } RTPpacket_t; typedef struct { /* 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |V=2|P|X| CC |M| PT | sequence number | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | timestamp | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | synchronization source (SSRC) identifier | +=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+ | contributing source (CSRC) identifiers | | .... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ */ //intel 的cpu 是intel为小端字节序（低端存到底地址） 而网络流为大端字节序（高端存到低地址） /*intel 的cpu ： 高端->csrc_len:4 -> extension:1-> padding:1 -> version:2 ->低端 在内存中存储 ： 低->4001（内存地址）version:2 4002（内存地址）padding:1 4003（内存地址）extension:1 高->4004（内存地址）csrc_len:4 网络传输解析 ： 高端->version:2->padding:1->extension:1->csrc_len:4->低端 (为正确的文档描述格式) 存入接收内存 ： 低->4001（内存地址）version:2 4002（内存地址）padding:1 4003（内存地址）extension:1 高->4004（内存地址）csrc_len:4 本地内存解析 ：高端->csrc_len:4 -> extension:1-> padding:1 -> version:2 ->低端 ， 即： unsigned char csrc_len:4; // expect 0 unsigned char extension:1; // expect 1 unsigned char padding:1; // expect 0 unsigned char version:2; // expect 2 */ /* byte 0 */ unsigned char csrc_len:4; /* expect 0 */ unsigned char extension:1; /* expect 1, see RTP_OP below */ unsigned char padding:1; /* expect 0 */ unsigned char version:2; /* expect 2 */ /* byte 1 */ unsigned char payloadtype:7; /* RTP_PAYLOAD_RTSP */ unsigned char marker:1; /* expect 1 */ /* bytes 2,3 */ unsigned int seq_no; /* bytes 4-7 */ unsigned int timestamp; /* bytes 8-11 */ unsigned int ssrc; /* stream number is used here. */ } RTP_FIXED_HEADER; typedef struct { unsigned char forbidden_bit; //! Should always be FALSE unsigned char nal_reference_idc; //! NALU_PRIORITY_xxxx unsigned char nal_unit_type; //! NALU_TYPE_xxxx unsigned int startcodeprefix_len; //! 前缀字节数 unsigned int len; //! 包含nal 头的nal 长度，从第一个00000001到下一个000000001的长度 unsigned int max_size; //! 做多一个nal 的长度 unsigned char * buf; //! 包含nal 头的nal 数据 unsigned int lost_packets; //! 预留 } NALU_t; /* +---------------+ |0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |F|NRI| Type | +---------------+ */ typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char NRI:2; unsigned char F:1; } NALU_HEADER; // 1 BYTE /* +---------------+ |0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |F|NRI| Type | +---------------+ */ typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char NRI:2; unsigned char F:1; } FU_INDICATOR; // 1 BYTE /* +---------------+ |0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |S|E|R| Type | +---------------+ */ typedef struct { //byte 0 unsigned char TYPE:5; unsigned char R:1; unsigned char E:1; unsigned char S:1; } FU_HEADER; // 1 BYTES int OpenBitstreamFile (char *fn) { if (NULL == (poutfile = fopen(fn, "wb"))) { printf("Error: Open input file error "); getchar(); } return 1; } NALU_t *AllocNALU(int buffersize) { NALU_t *n; if ((n = (NALU_t*)calloc (1, sizeof(NALU_t))) == NULL) { printf("AllocNALU Error: Allocate Meory To NALU_t Failed "); exit(0); } return n; } void FreeNALU(NALU_t *n) { if (n) { free (n); } } /* *bufIn:rtppackage *len: the lengthe of rtppackage */ void rtp_unpackage(char *bufIn,int len) { unsigned char recvbuf[1500]; RTPpacket_t *p = NULL; RTP_FIXED_HEADER * rtp_hdr = NULL; NALU_HEADER * nalu_hdr = NULL; NALU_t * n = NULL; FU_INDICATOR *fu_ind = NULL; FU_HEADER *fu_hdr= NULL; int total_bytes = 0; //当前包传出的数据 static int total_recved = 0; //一共传输的数据 int fwrite_number = 0; //存入文件的数据长度 memcpy(recvbuf,bufIn, len); //复制rtp包 printf("包长度+ rtp头： = %d ",len); ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //begin rtp_payload and rtp_header p = (RTPpacket_t*)&recvbuf[0]; if ((p = malloc (sizeof (RTPpacket_t)))== NULL) { printf ("RTPpacket_t MMEMORY ERROR "); } if ((p->payload = malloc (MAXDATASIZE))== NULL) { printf ("RTPpacket_t payload MMEMORY ERROR "); } if ((rtp_hdr = malloc(sizeof(RTP_FIXED_HEADER))) == NULL) { printf("RTP_FIXED_HEADER MEMORY ERROR "); } rtp_hdr =(RTP_FIXED_HEADER*)&recvbuf[0]; printf("版本号 : %d ",rtp_hdr->version); p->version = rtp_hdr->version; p->padding = rtp_hdr->padding; p->extension = rtp_hdr->extension; p->cc = rtp_hdr->csrc_len; printf("标志位 : %d ",rtp_hdr->marker); p->marker = rtp_hdr->marker; printf("负载类型 :%d ",rtp_hdr->payloadtype); p->pt = rtp_hdr->payloadtype; printf("包号 : %d ",rtp_hdr->seq_no); p->seq_no = rtp_hdr->seq_no; printf("时间戳 : %d ",rtp_hdr->timestamp); p->timestamp = rtp_hdr->timestamp; printf("帧号 : %d ",rtp_hdr->ssrc); p->ssrc = rtp_hdr->ssrc; //end rtp_payload and rtp_header ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //begin nal_hdr if (!(n = AllocNALU(800000))) //为结构体nalu_t及其成员buf分配空间。返回值为指向nalu_t存储空间的指针 { printf("NALU_t MMEMORY ERROR "); } if ((nalu_hdr = malloc(sizeof(NALU_HEADER))) == NULL) { printf("NALU_HEADER MEMORY ERROR "); } nalu_hdr =(NALU_HEADER*)&recvbuf[12]; //网络传输过来的字节序 ，当存入内存还是和文档描述的相反，只要匹配网络字节序和文档描述即可传输正确。 printf("forbidden_zero_bit: %d ",nalu_hdr->F); //网络传输中的方式为：F->NRI->TYPE.. 内存中存储方式为 TYPE->NRI->F (和nal头匹配)。 n->forbidden_bit= nalu_hdr->F << 7; //内存中的字节序。 printf("nal_reference_idc: %d ",nalu_hdr->NRI); n->nal_reference_idc = nalu_hdr->NRI << 5; printf("nal 负载类型: %d ",nalu_hdr->TYPE); n->nal_unit_type = nalu_hdr->TYPE; //end nal_hdr ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //开始解包 if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 0) { printf("这个包有错误，0无定义 "); } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE >0 && nalu_hdr->TYPE < 24) //单包 { printf("当前包为单包 "); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x01, poutfile); //写进起始字节0x00000001 total_bytes +=4; memcpy(p->payload,&recvbuf[13],len-13); p->paylen = len-13; fwrite(nalu_hdr,1,1,poutfile); //写NAL_HEADER total_bytes += 1; fwrite_number = fwrite(p->payload,1,p->paylen,poutfile); //写NAL数据 total_bytes = p->paylen; printf("包长度 + nal= %d ",total_bytes); } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 24) //STAP-A 单一时间的组合包 { printf("当前包为STAP-A "); } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 25) //STAP-B 单一时间的组合包 { printf("当前包为STAP-B "); } else if (nalu_hdr->TYPE == 26) //MTAP16 多个时间的组合包 { printf("当前包为MTAP16 "); } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 27) //MTAP24 多个时间的组合包 { printf("当前包为MTAP24 "); } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 28) //FU-A分片包，解码顺序和传输顺序相同 { if ((fu_ind = malloc(sizeof(FU_INDICATOR))) == NULL) { printf("FU_INDICATOR MEMORY ERROR "); } if ((fu_hdr = malloc(sizeof(FU_HEADER))) == NULL) { printf("FU_HEADER MEMORY ERROR "); } fu_ind=(FU_INDICATOR*)&recvbuf[12]; //分片包用的是FU_INDICATOR而不是NALU_HEADER printf("FU_INDICATOR->F :%d ",fu_ind->F); n->forbidden_bit = fu_ind->F << 7; printf("FU_INDICATOR->NRI :%d ",fu_ind->NRI); n->nal_reference_idc = fu_ind->NRI << 5; printf("FU_INDICATOR->TYPE :%d ",fu_ind->TYPE); n->nal_unit_type = fu_ind->TYPE; fu_hdr=(FU_HEADER*)&recvbuf[13]; //FU_HEADER赋值 printf("FU_HEADER->S :%d ",fu_hdr->S); printf("FU_HEADER->E :%d ",fu_hdr->E); printf("FU_HEADER->R :%d ",fu_hdr->R); printf("FU_HEADER->TYPE :%d ",fu_hdr->TYPE); n->nal_unit_type = fu_hdr->TYPE; //应用的是FU_HEADER的TYPE if (rtp_hdr->marker == 1) //分片包最后一个包 { printf("当前包为FU-A分片包最后一个包 "); memcpy(p->payload,&recvbuf[14],len - 14); p->paylen = len - 14; fwrite_number = fwrite(p->payload,1,p->paylen,poutfile); //写NAL数据 total_bytes = p->paylen; printf("包长度 + FU = %d ",total_bytes); } else if (rtp_hdr->marker == 0) //分片包 但不是最后一个包 { if (fu_hdr->S == 1) //分片的第一个包 { unsigned char F; unsigned char NRI; unsigned char TYPE; unsigned char nh; printf("当前包为FU-A分片包第一个包 "); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x00, poutfile); putc(0x01, poutfile); //写起始字节码0x00000001 total_bytes += 4; F = fu_ind->F << 7; NRI = fu_ind->NRI << 5; TYPE = fu_hdr->TYPE; //应用的是FU_HEADER的TYPE //nh = n->forbidden_bit|n->nal_reference_idc|n->nal_unit_type; //二进制文件也是按 大字节序存储 nh = F | NRI | TYPE; putc(nh,poutfile); //写NAL HEADER total_bytes +=1; memcpy(p->payload,&recvbuf[14],len - 14); p->paylen = len - 14; fwrite_number = fwrite(p->payload,1,p->paylen,poutfile); //写NAL数据 total_bytes = p->paylen; printf("包长度 + FU_First = %d ",total_bytes); } else //如果不是第一个包 { printf("当前包为FU-A分片包 "); memcpy(p->payload,&recvbuf[14],len - 14); p->paylen= len - 14; fwrite_number = fwrite(p->payload,1,p->paylen,poutfile); //写NAL数据 total_bytes = p->paylen; printf("包长度 + FU = %d ",total_bytes); } } } else if ( nalu_hdr->TYPE == 29) //FU-B分片包，解码顺序和传输顺序相同 { if (rtp_hdr->marker == 1) //分片包最后一个包 { printf("当前包为FU-B分片包最后一个包 "); } else if (rtp_hdr->marker == 0) //分片包 但不是最后一个包 { printf("当前包为FU-B分片包 "); } } else { printf("这个包有错误，30-31 没有定义 "); } total_recved += total_bytes; printf("total_recved = %d ",total_recved); memset(recvbuf,0,1500); free (p->payload); free (p); FreeNALU(n); //结束解包 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// return ; } int main() { WSADATA Ws; char recvbuf[MAXDATASIZE]; //加上头最大传输数据 1500 SOCKET sockfd, client_fd; int sin_size; char sendbuf[BUFFER_SIZE]; struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr, client_sockaddr; int receive_bytes = 0; OpenBitstreamFile(outputfilename); //Init Windows Socket if ( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &Ws) != 0 ) { printf("Init Windows Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } //创建socket //建立socket链接，数据报socket，IPv4协议 if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) { perror("socket"); exit(1); } else printf("create socket success! "); server_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;//0.0.0.0不确定地址 server_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); memset(&(server_sockaddr.sin_zero), 0,8); //填充0以保持与struct sockaddr同样大小 //绑定socket if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0) { perror("ERROR on binding"); exit(1); } else printf("bind success! "); //接收从客户端发来的数据 sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); printf("waiting for client connection... "); while((receive_bytes = recvfrom(sockfd, recvbuf, MAXDATASIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client_sockaddr, &sin_size)) >0) { if(strncmp(recvbuf, "over",4) == 0)break; poutfile = fopen(outputfilename,"ab+"); rtp_unpackage(recvbuf,receive_bytes); fclose(poutfile); } //sendto( sockfd, sendbuf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0 ,(struct sockaddr *)&client_sockaddr, sin_size); closesocket(client_fd); closesocket(sockfd); WSACleanup(); return 0; }
TCP发送端（客户端）发送数据，TCP接收端（服务器端）接收数据，编译环境为VC6++
//Client.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <winsock2.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> #define PORT 4900 #define IP_ADDRESS "127.0.0.1" #define MAX_PATH 1500 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { WSADATA Ws; SOCKET CientSocket; struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr; int Ret = 0; int AddrLen = 0; HANDLE hThread = NULL; char SendBuffer[MAX_PATH]; //Init Windows Socket if ( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &Ws) != 0 ) { printf("Init Windows Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IP_ADDRESS); ServerAddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); memset(ServerAddr.sin_zero, 0x00, 8); //Create Socket CientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if ( CientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET ) { printf("Create Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } //Connect Socket Ret = connect(CientSocket,(struct sockaddr*)&ServerAddr, sizeof(ServerAddr)); if ( Ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { printf("Connect Error::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } else { printf("连接成功，请输入要发送的数据! "); } //进行通信 while (1) { scanf("%s",SendBuffer); Ret = send(CientSocket, SendBuffer, (int)strlen(SendBuffer), 0); if ( Ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { int errorNum=GetLastError(); if (errorNum==10053||errorNum==10054) { printf("Server close! "); } break; } } closesocket(CientSocket); WSACleanup(); return 0; }
//Server.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <winsock2.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> #define PORT 4900 #define IP_ADDRESS "127.0.0.1" //IP为客户端的地址，即对方的地址，故有三种形式：127.0.0.1（或本机地址）,xxx,xxx,xxx,xxx（对方的地址），或如下所示 #define MAX_PATH 1500 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { WSADATA Ws; SOCKET ServerSocket, CientSocket; struct sockaddr_in LocalAddr, ClientAddr; int Ret = 0; int AddrLen = 0; HANDLE hThread = NULL; AddrLen = sizeof(ClientAddr); //Init Windows Socket if ( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &Ws) != 0 ) { printf("Init Windows Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } LocalAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; // LocalAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IP_ADDRESS); LocalAddr.sin_addr.s_addr =INADDR_ANY; LocalAddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); memset(LocalAddr.sin_zero, 0x00, 8); //Create Socket ServerSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if ( ServerSocket == INVALID_SOCKET ) { printf("Create Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } //Bind Socket Ret = bind(ServerSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&LocalAddr, sizeof(LocalAddr)); if ( Ret != 0 ) { printf("Bind Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } //Listen Socket Ret = listen(ServerSocket, 10); if ( Ret != 0 ) { printf("listen Socket Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); return -1; } //Accept Socket CientSocket = accept(ServerSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&ClientAddr, &AddrLen); if ( CientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET ) { printf("Accept Failed::%d ",GetLastError()); } else printf("服务端已经启动,准备接收数据 "); printf("客户端连接::%d:%d ",inet_ntoa(ClientAddr.sin_addr),ClientAddr.sin_port); //开始通信 while ( 1 ) { int Ret = 0; char RecvBuffer[MAX_PATH]; //while ( 1) { memset(RecvBuffer, 0x00, sizeof(RecvBuffer)); Ret = recv(CientSocket, RecvBuffer, MAX_PATH, 0); if ( Ret == 0 || Ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { printf("客户端退出! "); break; } if(strncmp(RecvBuffer, "q",1) == 0)break; printf("接收到客户信息为:%s ",RecvBuffer); } } closesocket(ServerSocket); closesocket(CientSocket); WSACleanup(); return 0; }
UDP通信的示例，编译环境为VC6++
// UdpClient.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> //使用winsock所需的头文件 #include <winsock2.h> //使用winsock所需的库文件 #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> #define SOCK_VER 2 //程序使用的winsock主版本 //变量和函数的声明 SOCKET g_sock = 0; //套接字声明 void ErrMsg(DWORD dwErr);//错误信息打印 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { struct sockaddr_in addr = {0}; char szBuff[256] = "hello UDP!"; char *p=szBuff; int nSent=0 ; struct sockaddr_in saServer={0}; int nFromLen=sizeof(saServer); int nRecv=0 ; //初始化WinSock环境 WSADATA wd = {0}; int nStart = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(SOCK_VER,0),&wd); if (0 != nStart) { return 0; } if (LOBYTE(wd.wVersion) != 2) { return 0; } //创建一个UDP SOCKET g_sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP); if (INVALID_SOCKET == g_sock) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); return 0; } printf("socket 创建成功！！ "); //发送数据的目标地址 addr.sin_family = AF_INET;//IPV4 addr.sin_port = htons(2800);//端口 addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//IP memset(addr.sin_zero, 0x00, 8); //在UDP中通过调用connect函数，在数据通信中，就可以用send和recv进行发送或接收数据 /* if(connect(g_sock,(struct sockaddr_in*)&addr,sizeof(addr))!=0) {exit(0);} nSent=send(g_sock,p,strlen(szBuff)+1,0);*/ //发送数据包 nSent = sendto(g_sock,p,strlen(szBuff)+1,0,(struct sockaddr* )&addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); if (0 == nSent) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); } else { printf("信息成功发送，等待回应。。 "); } //等待回应 szBuff[0] = ' ';//清空缓冲区 nRecv = recvfrom(g_sock,p,250,0,(struct sockaddr *)&saServer,&nFromLen); //nRecv = recv(g_sock,p,256,0); if (SOCKET_ERROR == nRecv) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); } else { printf("收到回应：%s从%s,%d ",szBuff,inet_ntoa(saServer.sin_addr),ntohs(saServer.sin_port)); } //关闭连接套接字 closesocket(g_sock); system("pause"); //清理套接字环境 WSACleanup(); return 0; } //打印错误信息函数 void ErrMsg(DWORD dwErr) { char szErr[1024] = {0}; FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,NULL,dwErr,MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL,SUBLANG_DEFAULT),szErr,1024,NULL); printf("%s且错误码为:%d ",szErr,GetLastError()); }
// UdpServer.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> //使用winsock所需的头文件 #include <winsock2.h> //使用winsock所需的库文件 #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #include <Windows.h> //程序中要使用的winsock的主版本 #define SOCK_VER 2 //定义变量和函数 SOCKET g_sock = 0; void ErrMsg(DWORD dwErr); int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { struct sockaddr_in addr; int nLen = sizeof(addr); int nBind; struct sockaddr_in saClient = {0}; int nFromLen = sizeof(saClient); char szBuff[256] = {0}; int nSent; //初始化环境 WSADATA wd = {0}; int nStart = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(SOCK_VER,0),&wd);//函数成功返回0，失败返回错误代码 if (0 != nStart) {//错误处理 return 0; } if (2 != LOBYTE(wd.wVersion)) { return 0; } //创建socket套接字 g_sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP); if (INVALID_SOCKET == g_sock) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); return 0; } printf("socket 创建成功！！ "); //绑定 addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(2800); addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); memset(addr.sin_zero, 0x00, 8); nBind = bind(g_sock,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr));//成功返回0 if (0 != nBind) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); return 0; } //获得已经绑定的端口号 getsockname(g_sock,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,&nLen); printf("socket 成功绑定到端口：%d,等待数据。。。 ",ntohs(addr.sin_port)); //等待并接收数据 recvfrom(g_sock,szBuff,256,0,(struct sockaddr *)&saClient,&nFromLen); printf("收到的信息：%s,从%s,%d ",szBuff,inet_ntoa(saClient.sin_addr),ntohs(saClient.sin_port)); //向客户端发送回应 strcpy(szBuff,"OK!"); nSent = sendto(g_sock,szBuff,strlen(szBuff)+1,0,(struct sockaddr *)&saClient,sizeof(saClient)); if (0 == nSent) { ErrMsg(WSAGetLastError()); } else { printf("成功发出回应！！ "); } //关闭资源 closesocket(g_sock);//关闭套接字 system("pause"); WSACleanup();//清理环境 return 0; } //打印错误信息函数 void ErrMsg(DWORD dwErr) { char szErr[1024] = {0}; FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,NULL,dwErr,MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL,SUBLANG_DEFAULT),szErr,1024,NULL); printf(szErr); }