• oracle嵌套表示例


    ----嵌套表:就是把一个表中的字段定义为一个表,这个字段表的数据存储在外部的一个表中,
          例如下例嵌套表中的数据存储在required_tab表中。
    ----嵌套表可以有效地代替多个表之间的连接
    create type bookobj as object(
    title varchar2(40),
    author varchar2(40),
    catalog_number number(4)
    );
    /
    create type
    booklist as table of bookobj;
    -----------定义一个嵌套表,该表可以被嵌套在其他表中,他的字段就是bookobj中的字段

    /
    create table
    course_material(

    department
    char(3),

    course    
    number(3),

    required_reading booklist  
    -----在表中再定义一个表,即booklist表,他就是嵌套在course_material中的表,也就是嵌套表。

                         
    ------他和主表course_material之间是主从关系,即一条主表记录对应一个嵌套表中的多条记录。

    ) nested table required_reading store as
    required_tab;

    /
    -----------------------给表和嵌套表输入值,commit后被提交到数据库里保存
    declare
    v_books
    booklist:=booklist(bookobj('ssss','www',444));-------定义一个booklist类型的嵌套表变量v_books,并给出初值。

    begin
    insert
    into course_material
    values('cs',101,booklist(bookobj('www','bbb',1),bookobj('aa','dd',33)));

    insert into course_material
    values('his',301,v_books);

    end;
    或单独插入一条记录:
     
    insert into course_material
    values('ss',102,booklist(bookobj('w','b',1),bookobj('a','d',3)));

    -----------------------更新嵌套表操作,即将required_reading作为一个字段
    declare
    v_books
    booklist:=booklist(bookobj('xyz','bbb',111),bookobj('zq','ccc',222));

    begin
    update
    course_material

    set required_reading =
    v_books

    where department = 'his' and
    course = 301;

    end;
    ----执行结果为子记录全部被删除,新添加两个bookobj记录
    -------------删除嵌套表中的记录
    delete from course_material where department =
    'his';----对应主表his的嵌套表中的记录将被删除

    =============直接对嵌套表进行插入==================
    insert into the(select required_reading from
    course_material where department='his' )

    values('gog','ggg',999)
    -----上面红色的表示一个表,注意前面必须加上the,表示是嵌套表。
    =============直接对嵌套表进行更新==================
    update the(select required_reading from course_material
    where department='his' )

    set
    catalog_number = catalog_number + 10 -----对嵌套表中的字段进行操作

    where catalog_number = 111;
    =============直接对嵌套表进行删除==================
    delete from the(select required_reading from
    course_material where department='his' )

    where catalog_number = 111;
    =========================直接进行嵌套表的查询,只能返回主表的一条记录的子表,即如果course_material返回多于2条的记录则报错
    select * from the(select required_reading from
    course_material where department='his');


    select * from
    the(select required_reading from course_material where department='his') where
    catalog_number=999

    报错:select * from
    the(select required_reading from course_material where department in
    ('his','www'))


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gisdream/p/2445291.html
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