例:transform(coll1.begin(), coll1.end(), back_inserter(coll2), bind2nd(multiplies<int>(), 10));
1、调用模板函数bind2nd,第一个参数为multiplies<int>临时对象。
// TEMPLATE FUNCTION bind2nd template<class _Fn2, class _Ty> inline binder2nd<_Fn2> bind2nd(const _Fn2& _Func, const _Ty& _Right) { // return a binder2nd functor adapter typename _Fn2::second_argument_type _Val(_Right);//此处将仿函数multiplies<int>临时对象的第二个参数设置为10 return (_STD binder2nd<_Fn2>(_Func, _Val)); //返回模板类binder2nd临时对象 }
2、模板类binder2nd的定义:
// TEMPLATE CLASS binder2nd template<class _Fn2> class binder2nd : public unary_function<typename _Fn2::first_argument_type, typename _Fn2::result_type> //设置参数类型和返回值类型 { // functor adapter _Func(left, stored) public: typedef unary_function<typename _Fn2::first_argument_type, typename _Fn2::result_type> _Base; typedef typename _Base::argument_type argument_type; typedef typename _Base::result_type result_type; binder2nd(const _Fn2& _Func, const typename _Fn2::second_argument_type& _Right) //构造函数,仿函数第二个参数被赋值 : op(_Func), value(_Right) { // construct from functor and right operand } result_type operator()(const argument_type& _Left) const //调用仿函数 { // apply functor to operands return (op(_Left, value)); } result_type operator()(argument_type& _Left) const { // apply functor to operands return (op(_Left, value)); } protected: _Fn2 op; // the functor to apply typename _Fn2::second_argument_type value; // the right operand };
3、模板类binder2nd模板基类unary_function的定义:
// FUNCTIONAL STUFF (from <functional>) // TEMPLATE STRUCT unary_function template<class _Arg,class _Result> struct unary_function { // base class for unary functions typedef _Arg argument_type; typedef _Result result_type; };
Bind2nd模板函数返回一个Binder2nd临时对象,该对象也是个函数对象,在算法transform调用Binder2nd仿函数时,Binder2nd调用第一个参数指定的函数对象。
算法transform的源码:
// TEMPLATE FUNCTION transform WITH UNARY OP //只是其中一个定义 template<class _InIt, class _OutIt, class _Fn1> inline _OutIt _Transform(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last, _OutIt _Dest, _Fn1 _Func) { // transform [_First, _Last) with _Func for (; _First != _Last; ++_First, ++_Dest) *_Dest = _Func(*_First); //调用Binder2nd函数对象,将第一个参数传递进去,第二个参数在生成临时对象时赋值. return (_Dest); }