ElasticSearch安装入门

ElasticSearch介绍:

　　ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器 ,elasticsearch封装了抽象接口用于连接Lucene

　　Lucene是一套用于全文检索和搜寻的开源程式库

安装很简单:

解压就可以用,几乎是o配置

分布式全文检索服务器

要求是两个节点,最好是三个及以上

安装步骤:

------------------------------------------环境准备-----------------------------------------------

http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/setup-configuration.html

https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch

###【在多台机器上执行下面的命令】###

#es启动时需要使用非root用户，所有创建一个bigdata用户：

useradd bigdata

#为hadoop用户添加密码：

echo 123456 | passwd --stdin bigdata

#将bigdata添加到sudoers

echo "bigdata ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL" | tee /etc/sudoers.d/bigdata

chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/bigdata

 

#解决sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo问题，在/etc/sudoer注释掉 Default requiretty 一行

sudo sed -i 's/Defaults requiretty/Defaults:bigdata !requiretty/' /etc/sudoers

 

#创建一个bigdata目录

mkdir /{bigdata,data}

#给相应的目录添加权限

chown -R bigdata:bigdata /{bigdata,data}

 

------------------------------------------ES安装-----------------------------------------------

We recommend installing the Java 8 update 20 or later, or Java 7 update 55 or later.

Previous versions of Java 7 are known to have bugs that can cause index corruption and data loss.

Elasticsearch will refuse to start if a known-bad version of Java is used.

###【切换到bigdata用户安装】###

1.安装jdk（jdk要求1.8.20或1.7.55以上）

2.上传es安装包

3.解压es

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-2.3.1.tar.gz -C /bigdata/

4.修改配置

vi /bigdata/elasticsearch-2.3.1/config/elasticsearch.yml

#集群名称，通过组播的方式通信，通过名称判断属于哪个集群

cluster.name: bigdata

#节点名称，要唯一

node.name: es-1

#数据存放位置

path.data: /data/es/data

#日志存放位置

path.logs: /data/es/logs

#es绑定的ip地址

network.host: 172.16.0.14

#初始化时可进行选举的节点

discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["node-4.itcast.cn", "node-5.itcast.cn", "node-6.itcast.cn"]

5.使用scp拷贝到其他节点

scp -r elasticsearch-2.3.1/ node-5.itcast.cn:$PWD

scp -r elasticsearch-2.3.1/ node-6.itcast.cn:$PWD

6.在其他节点上修改es配置，需要修改的有node.name和network.host

7.启动es（/bigdata/elasticsearch-2.3.1/bin/elasticsearch -h查看帮助文档）

/bigdata/elasticsearch-2.3.1/bin/elasticsearch -d

 启动报错：
	max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
	max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
　　　解决办法：
	1、编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf，追加以下内容；
		* soft nofile 65536
		* hard nofile 65536
	2、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件最后添加一行
		vm.max_map_count=262144

8.用浏览器访问es所在机器的9200端口

http://172.16.0.14:9200/

自带主节点选举机制,最好配置奇数个,防止闹了,选举不依赖zookeeper

可视化管理界面:

#es安装插件下载es插件

/bigdata/elasticsearch-2.3.1/bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head

 

[hadoop@master es]$ bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head

-> Installing mobz/elasticsearch-head...

Trying https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head/archive/master.zip ...

Downloading ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................DONE

Verifying https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head/archive/master.zip checksums if available ...

NOTE: Unable to verify checksum for downloaded plugin (unable to find .sha1 or .md5 file to verify)

Installed head into /export/servers/es/plugins/head

 

#本地方式安装head插件

./plugin install file:///home/bigdata/elasticsearch-head-master.zip

 

#访问head管理页面

http://172.16.0.14:9200/_plugin/head

 

elasticSearch简单使用:

RESTful接口URL的格式：

http://localhost:9200/<index>/<type>/[<id>]

其中index、type是必须提供的。

id是可选的，不提供es会自动生成。

index、type将信息进行分层，利于管理。

index可以理解为数据库；type理解为数据表；id相当于数据库表中记录的主键，是唯一的。

 

#向store索引中添加一些书籍
curl -XPUT 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1' -d '{
  "title": "Elasticsearch: The Definitive Guide",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Zachary",
    "last" : "Tong"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-02-06",
  "price":"49.99"
}'

#通过浏览器查询
http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1

#在linux中通过curl的方式查询
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1'

#在添加一个书的信息
curl -XPUT 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/2' -d '{
  "title": "Elasticsearch Blueprints",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Vineeth",
    "last" : "Mohan"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-06-06",
  "price":"35.99"
}'


# 通过ID获得文档信息
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/1'

#在浏览器中查看
http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/1

# 通过_source获取指定的字段
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1?_source=title'
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1?_source=title,price'
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1?_source'

#可以通过覆盖的方式更新
curl -XPUT 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1' -d '{
  "title": "Elasticsearch: The Definitive Guide",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Zachary",
    "last" : "Tong"
  },
  "publish_date":"2016-02-06",
  "price":"99.99"
}'

# 或者通过 _update  API的方式单独更新你想要更新的
curl -XPOST 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1/_update' -d '{
  "doc": {
     "price" : 88.88
  }
}'

curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1'

#删除一个文档
curl -XDELETE 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/1'


# 最简单filter查询
# SELECT * FROM books WHERE price = 35.99
# filtered 查询价格是35.99的
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query" : {
        "filtered" : {
            "query" : {
                "match_all" : {}
            },
            "filter" : {
                "term" : {
                    "price" : 35.99
                  }
              }
        }
    }
}'

#指定多个值
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
    "query" : {
        "filtered" : {
            "filter" : {
                "terms" : {
                    "price" : [35.99, 99.99]
                  }
              }
        }
    }
}'


# SELECT * FROM books WHERE publish_date = "2015-02-06"
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "filtered" : {
        "filter" : {
           "term" : {
              "publish_date" : "2015-02-06"
            }
          }
      }
  }
}'



# bool过滤查询，可以做组合过滤查询
# SELECT * FROM books WHERE (price = 35.99 OR price = 99.99) AND (publish_date != "2016-02-06")
# 类似的，Elasticsearch也有 and, or, not这样的组合条件的查询方式
# 格式如下：
#  {
#    "bool" : {
#    "must" :     [],
#    "should" :   [],
#    "must_not" : [],
#    }
#  }
#
# must: 条件必须满足，相当于 and
# should: 条件可以满足也可以不满足，相当于 or
# must_not: 条件不需要满足，相当于 not

curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "filtered" : {
      "filter" : {
        "bool" : {
          "should" : [
            { "term" : {"price" : 35.99}},
            { "term" : {"price" : 99.99}}
          ],
		  "must_not" : {
            "term" : {"publish_date" : "2016-02-06"}
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}'


# 嵌套查询
# SELECT * FROM books WHERE price = 35.99 OR ( publish_date = "2016-02-06" AND price = 99.99 )

curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "filtered" : {
      "filter" : {
        "bool" : {
          "should" : [
              { "term" : {"price" : 35.99}},
              { "bool" : {
              "must" : [
                {"term" : {"publish_date" : "2016-02-06"}},
                {"term" : {"price" : 99.99}}
              ]
            }}
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}'

# range范围过滤
# SELECT * FROM books WHERE price >= 20 AND price < 100
# gt :  > 大于
# lt :  < 小于
# gte :  >= 大于等于
# lte :  <= 小于等于

curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/store/books/_search' -d '{
  "query" : {
    "filtered" : {
      "filter" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : {
            "gt" : 20.0,
            "lt" : 100
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}'


# 另外一种 and， or， not查询
# 没有bool, 直接使用and , or , not
# 注意: 不带bool的这种查询不能利用缓存
# 查询价格既是35.99，publish_date又为"2015-02-06"的结果
curl -XGET 'http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/_search' -d '{
  "query": {
    "filtered": {
      "filter": {
        "and": [
        {
          "term": {
            "price":59.99
          }
        },
        {
          "term": {
            "publish_date":"2015-02-06"
          }
        }
       ]
     },
     "query": {
      "match_all": {}
      }
    }
  }
}'

http://172.16.0.14:9200/bookstore/books/_search

#es安装插件下载es插件
/bigdata/elasticsearch-2.3.1/bin/plugin install elasticsearch/marvel/latest
#访问head管理页面
http://172.16.0.14:9200/_plugin/marvel