我发现很多源码很喜欢用这个模式,比如spring cloud,spring framework。
建造者模式(Builder)用以构建各种各样的对象,主要功能就是代替对象的构造函数,更加自由化。
举个栗子,先假设有一个问题,我们需要创建一个学生对象,属性有name,number,class,sex,age,school等属性,如果每一个属性都可以为空,也就是说我们可以只用一个name,也可以用一个school,name,或者一个class,number,或者其他任意的赋值来创建一个学生对象,这时该怎么构造?
难道我们写6个1个输入的构造函数,15个2个输入的构造函数.......吗?这个时候就需要用到Builder模式了。
例子借用:https://www.cnblogs.com/malihe/p/6891920.html
public class Builder { static class Student{ String name = null ; int number = -1 ; String sex = null ; int age = -1 ; String school = null ; //构建器,利用构建器作为参数来构建Student对象 static class StudentBuilder{ String name = null ; int number = -1 ; String sex = null ; int age = -1 ; String school = null ; public StudentBuilder setName(String name) { this.name = name; return this ; } public StudentBuilder setNumber(int number) { this.number = number; return this ; } public StudentBuilder setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; return this ; } public StudentBuilder setAge(int age) { this.age = age; return this ; } public StudentBuilder setSchool(String school) { this.school = school; return this ; } public Student build() { return new Student(this); } } public Student(StudentBuilder builder){ this.age = builder.age; this.name = builder.name; this.number = builder.number; this.school = builder.school ; this.sex = builder.sex ; } } public static void main( String[] args ){ Student a = new Student.StudentBuilder().setAge(13).setName("LiHua").build(); Student b = new Student.StudentBuilder().setSchool("sc").setSex("Male").setName("ZhangSan").build(); } }