PHP命令行模式基本介绍

首先要保证php在cli模式下可用，php –v会返回PHP的版本号。

[gaojian3@log001 ~]$ php -v
PHP 5.2.14 (cli) (built: Aug 31 2012 15:03:20) 
Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Zend Technologies

一、命令行自定义变量

      在命令行里输入程序参数来更改其运行方式是很常见的做法。你也可以对CLI程序这样做。PHP CLI带有两个特殊的变量，专门用来达到这个目的：

1、$argv变量，它通过命令行把传递给PHP脚本的参数保存为单独的数组元素(v:value)

2、$argc变量，它用来保存$argv数组里元素的个数(c : count)

test.php脚本：

<?php
    print_r ($argv);
    var_dump ($argc);
?>

[gaojian3@log001 ~]$ php /usr/home/gaojian3/test.php 56787 98989 0000
Array
(
    [0] => /usr/home/gaojian3/test.php
    [1] => 56787
    [2] => 98989
    [3] => 0000
)
int(4)

正如你可以从输出的结果看到的，传递给test.php的值会自动地作为数组元素出现在$argv里。要注意的是，$argv的第一个自变量总是脚本自己的名称。使用：采用 $argv[3] 这种形式来获取参数。

二、命令行变量

除了用命令行传递PHP脚本参数，还可以传递PHP CLI参数以更改其工作方式。

[gaojian3@log001 ~]$ man php
NAME
       php - PHP Command Line Interface ’CLI’

SYNOPSIS
       php [options] [ -f ] file [[--] args...]

       php [options] -r code [[--] args...]

       php [options] [-B code] -R code [-E code] [[--] args...]

       php [options] [-B code] -F file [-E code] [[--] args...]

       php [options] -- [ args...]

       php [options] -a


OPTIONS
       --interactive
       -a             Run  PHP  interactively. This lets you enter snippets of PHP code that directly get executed. When readline support is
                      enabled you can edit the lines and also have history support.

       --php-ini path|file
       -c path|file   Look for php.ini file in the directory path or use the specified file

       --no-php-ini
       -n             No php.ini file will be used

       --define foo[=bar]
       -d foo[=bar]   Define INI entry foo with value bar

       -e             Generate extended information for debugger/profiler

       --file file
       -f file        Parse and execute file

       --global name
       -g name        Make variable name global in script.

       --help
       -h             This help

       --hide-args
       -H             Hide script name (file) and parameters (args...) from external tools. For example you may want to use this when a  php
                      script is started as a daemon and the command line contains sensitive data such as passwords.

       --info
       -i             PHP information and configuration

       --syntax-check
       -l             Syntax check only (lint)

       --modules
       -m             Show compiled in modules

       --run code
       -r code        Run PHP code without using script tags ’<?..?>’

       --process-begin code
       -B code        Run PHP code before processing input lines

       --process-code code
       -R code        Run PHP code for every input line

       --process-file file

       --modules
       -m             Show compiled in modules

       --run code
       -r code        Run PHP code without using script tags ’<?..?>’

       --process-begin code
       -B code        Run PHP code before processing input lines

       --process-code code
       -R code        Run PHP code for every input line

       --process-file file
       -F file        Parse and execute file for every input line

       --process-end code
       -E code        Run PHP code after processing all input lines

       --syntax-highlight
       -s             Display colour syntax highlighted source

       --version
       -v             Version number

       --stripped
       -w             Display source with stripped comments and whitespace

       --zend-extension file
       -z file        Load Zend extension file

       args...        Arguments passed to script. Use ’--’ args when first argument starts with ’-’ or script is read from stdin

       --rfunction    name
       --rf           name Shows information about function name

       --rclass       name
       --rc           name Shows information about class name

       --rextension   name
       --re           name Shows information about extension name

实际上，本文一开始参数传递部分只是php cli模式下的一小部分，之所以单独摘出来，是因为参数传递最常用，也是平时用得最多的部分。

最好玩的部分是php –a，php的交互模式，之前没发现，现在发现真心很好用。其余的还有好多，大家都试下。

[gaojian3@log001 ~]$ php -a
Interactive mode enabled

<?php
echo 97678%32;
14
echo "my code"; 
my code